Agrifood systems — Emissions (CO2), per square kilometre by country
Agrifood systems — Emissions (CO2) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Countries reporting
201
Highest
6.94 kt per square kilometre
Gibraltar
Lowest
0 kt per square kilometre
United States Virgin Islands
Median
0.0647 kt per square kilometre
Years covered
34
1990–2023
Data points
6,749
What the numbers show
Agrifood systems — Emissions (CO2), per square kilometre is currently reported for 201 countries. The highest value is 6.94 kt per square kilometre in Gibraltar; the lowest is 0 kt per square kilometre in United States Virgin Islands.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.0647 kt per square kilometre, and the mean is 0.2014 kt per square kilometre.
Over the past decade 120 countries rose and 81 fell. The largest increase was in Bhutan (up 9,967.6%), and the largest decrease in Liechtenstein (down 100.0%).
Agrifood systems — Emissions (CO2), per square kilometre (square): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Gibraltar | 6.94 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 72.2% | rising |
| 2 | Singapore | 4.27 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 3 | Bahrain | 3.82 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.9% | rising |
| 4 | Trinidad and Tobago | 3.53 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 34.2% | rising |
| 5 | Malta | 0.9078 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.2% | rising |
| 6 | Aruba | 0.8793 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.1% | rising |
| 7 | Maldives | 0.7245 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 132.6% | volatile |
| 8 | Qatar | 0.7057 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 15.1% | volatile |
| 9 | American Samoa | 0.6128 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.0% | falling |
| 10 | Cambodia | 0.4251 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.0% | volatile |
| 11 | Barbados | 0.4138 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.5% | rising |
| 12 | Faroe Islands | 0.4093 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.5% | flat |
| 13 | Israel | 0.4012 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.6% | rising |
| 14 | Kuwait | 0.3915 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.2% | rising |
| 15 | Belgium | 0.3689 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.9% | flat |
| 16 | Malaysia | 0.3653 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 81.3% | rising |
| 17 | Bermuda | 0.331 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.2% | falling |
| 18 | Japan | 0.3296 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.9% | rising |
| 19 | Puerto Rico | 0.3294 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.7% | rising |
| 20 | Germany | 0.3178 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.8% | flat |
| 21 | Belarus | 0.292 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.7% | flat |
| 22 | Indonesia | 0.2786 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.8% | volatile |
| 23 | Poland | 0.276 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.5% | falling |
| 24 | Luxembourg | 0.2719 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 27.1% | falling |
| 25 | United Kingdom | 0.2635 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.8% | falling |
| 26 | Monaco | 0.2516 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.9% | rising |
| 27 | Bangladesh | 0.2508 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.8% | rising |
| 28 | Lithuania | 0.2461 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.4% | rising |
| 29 | Seychelles | 0.2394 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.3% | rising |
| 30 | Liberia | 0.2392 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 65.0% | volatile |
| 31 | Thailand | 0.2314 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 107.3% | rising |
| 32 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.2282 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.7% | rising |
| 33 | Ireland | 0.2276 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.1% | falling |
| 34 | Grenada | 0.2234 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 40.4% | rising |
| 35 | United Arab Emirates | 0.2197 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.3% | rising |
| 36 | Palestine | 0.2101 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 69.2% | volatile |
| 37 | Belize | 0.2073 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.4% | flat |
| 38 | Brunei | 0.1887 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.5% | falling |
| 39 | Mauritius | 0.1877 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.3% | rising |
| 40 | Lebanon | 0.1874 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.9% | rising |
| 41 | Saint Lucia | 0.1874 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.5% | rising |
| 42 | Denmark | 0.184 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.1% | falling |
| 43 | Nauru | 0.1828 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 111.2% | volatile |
| 44 | Guatemala | 0.1791 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 82.8% | falling |
| 45 | Vietnam | 0.1788 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 101.6% | volatile |
| 46 | Estonia | 0.1786 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.8% | rising |
| 47 | Cayman Islands | 0.1775 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.5% | rising |
| 48 | Brazil | 0.1634 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 36.9% | falling |
| 49 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.1587 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 50 | Romania | 0.1582 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 127.7% | rising |
| 51 | Italy | 0.1566 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 15.3% | falling |
| 52 | Hungary | 0.1522 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.1% | falling |
| 53 | Dominican Republic | 0.1418 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.4% | rising |
| 54 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.1417 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.9% | flat |
| 55 | Cameroon | 0.1359 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 95.4% | rising |
| 56 | Jamaica | 0.1342 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.5% | flat |
| 57 | India | 0.1284 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.1% | rising |
| 58 | Czechia | 0.1273 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.8% | falling |
| 59 | Myanmar | 0.1248 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.8% | falling |
| 60 | Cote d'Ivoire | 0.1234 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 28.1% | falling |
| 61 | Burundi | 0.1232 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.4% | falling |
| 62 | China | 0.1231 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.6% | rising |
| 63 | Switzerland | 0.1166 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.0% | falling |
| 64 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.1125 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.1% | rising |
| 65 | Peru | 0.1075 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.6% | falling |
| 66 | Slovenia | 0.1066 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.6% | rising |
| 67 | Latvia | 0.1036 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 37.9% | rising |
| 68 | Austria | 0.1014 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.4% | rising |
| 69 | Cyprus | 0.0979 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.2% | rising |
| 70 | Bhutan | 0.0976 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9,967.6% | volatile |
| 71 | Paraguay | 0.0953 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 38.5% | falling |
| 72 | France | 0.0926 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.2% | flat |
| 73 | Malawi | 0.0921 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 74 | Philippines | 0.0887 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 70.1% | falling |
| 75 | Portugal | 0.0885 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.4% | falling |
| 76 | Uganda | 0.0849 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 21.5% | falling |
| 77 | Marshall Islands | 0.0846 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 78 | Andorra | 0.0842 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.2% | falling |
| 79 | Guinea | 0.082 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.6% | flat |
| 80 | Suriname | 0.0819 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 215.3% | volatile |
| 81 | Laos | 0.081 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.4% | rising |
| 82 | Bulgaria | 0.0798 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 76.6% | rising |
| 83 | Azerbaijan | 0.0777 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.5% | rising |
| 84 | Ukraine | 0.0775 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 31.0% | falling |
| 85 | Benin | 0.0768 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 74.4% | falling |
| 86 | Turkey | 0.0768 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.3% | rising |
| 87 | Serbia | 0.0753 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.9% | rising |
| 88 | Croatia | 0.0736 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 89 | Rwanda | 0.0733 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.2% | falling |
| 90 | Honduras | 0.0721 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.1% | volatile |
| 91 | Colombia | 0.0717 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 32.1% | falling |
| 92 | Panama | 0.071 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.4% | falling |
| 93 | Ecuador | 0.0706 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 29.4% | falling |
| 94 | Greece | 0.0695 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 34.0% | falling |
| 95 | Dominica | 0.0686 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 37.5% | rising |
| 96 | Sri Lanka | 0.0682 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.4% | rising |
| 97 | Burkina Faso | 0.0671 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.6% | falling |
| 98 | Spain | 0.0668 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 99 | Madagascar | 0.0659 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.9% | rising |
| 100 | Moldova | 0.0649 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.9% | falling |
| 101 | North Macedonia | 0.0647 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 61.9% | rising |
| 102 | Finland | 0.0636 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 27.1% | rising |
| 103 | Nigeria | 0.0625 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 104 | Gambia | 0.0615 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.0% | rising |
| 105 | Slovakia | 0.0611 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.0% | falling |
| 106 | El Salvador | 0.0603 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.2% | falling |
| 107 | Jordan | 0.0601 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.9% | rising |
| 108 | Morocco | 0.0579 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.2% | volatile |
| 109 | Guyana | 0.0575 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 29.8% | rising |
| 110 | Eswatini | 0.0571 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.5% | rising |
| 111 | Zimbabwe | 0.0569 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.5% | falling |
| 112 | Costa Rica | 0.0565 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 38.1% | volatile |
| 113 | Sweden | 0.0565 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.9% | rising |
| 114 | United States | 0.0562 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.1% | flat |
| 115 | Mozambique | 0.0562 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.3% | flat |
| 116 | Tuvalu | 0.056 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 24.6% | rising |
| 117 | Nicaragua | 0.0553 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.6% | falling |
| 118 | Papua New Guinea | 0.0545 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.6% | falling |
| 119 | Tunisia | 0.0538 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.0% | rising |
| 120 | Vanuatu | 0.0537 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.6% | flat |
| 121 | Uzbekistan | 0.0505 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.8% | rising |
| 122 | Sierra Leone | 0.0497 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 123 | Isle of Man | 0.0457 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.7% | rising |
| 124 | Samoa | 0.0445 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.5% | rising |
| 125 | Palau | 0.0424 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.3% | rising |
| 126 | Armenia | 0.042 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.9% | volatile |
| 127 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.0413 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.5% | rising |
| 128 | Egypt | 0.0406 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.3% | volatile |
| 129 | Central African Republic | 0.0404 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.5% | rising |
| 130 | Bahamas | 0.0362 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.8% | rising |
| 131 | New Zealand | 0.0354 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.4% | rising |
| 132 | Mexico | 0.0353 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.9% | rising |
| 133 | Zambia | 0.0339 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 25.4% | rising |
| 134 | Argentina | 0.0337 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 25.5% | falling |
| 135 | Montenegro | 0.033 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 54.4% | rising |
| 136 | Albania | 0.0307 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.1% | rising |
| 137 | Pakistan | 0.0307 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.0% | rising |
| 138 | South Africa | 0.0306 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.9% | rising |
| 139 | Nepal | 0.0301 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.7% | rising |
| 140 | Georgia | 0.0287 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 54.7% | rising |
| 141 | British Virgin Islands | 0.0287 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 44.8% | rising |
| 142 | Oman | 0.0285 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.8% | volatile |
| 143 | Haiti | 0.0284 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 45.0% | rising |
| 144 | Angola | 0.0284 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 145 | Iraq | 0.0283 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.6% | rising |
| 146 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0.0264 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.3% | volatile |
| 147 | French Polynesia | 0.0262 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.7% | volatile |
| 148 | Norway | 0.0254 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.0% | rising |
| 149 | Canada | 0.024 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 90.0% | falling |
| 150 | Saudi Arabia | 0.0237 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.9% | rising |
| 151 | Tonga | 0.0232 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.0% | rising |
| 152 | Comoros | 0.0228 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 52.1% | rising |
| 153 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.0216 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.5% | falling |
| 154 | Senegal | 0.0213 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 36.5% | rising |
| 155 | Gabon | 0.0212 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 37.5% | rising |
| 156 | Chile | 0.0207 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.9% | rising |
| 157 | East Timor | 0.0202 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 26.6% | flat |
| 158 | Turkmenistan | 0.0193 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 49.2% | rising |
| 159 | Cuba | 0.0193 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 37.5% | rising |
| 160 | Solomon Islands | 0.0191 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.8% | flat |
| 161 | Mali | 0.0186 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.6% | rising |
| 162 | Togo | 0.0183 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.5% | rising |
| 163 | Kiribati | 0.0178 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.5% | volatile |
| 164 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.017 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 92.5% | volatile |
| 165 | Algeria | 0.017 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 54.0% | volatile |
| 166 | Chad | 0.0166 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.2% | rising |
| 167 | Russia | 0.0158 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.3% | rising |
| 168 | Mongolia | 0.0156 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.9% | flat |
| 169 | Syria | 0.0152 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.2% | rising |
| 170 | South Sudan | 0.0152 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.0% | flat |
| 171 | Channel Islands | 0.0145 kt per square kilometre | 2021 | up 0.6% | volatile |
| 172 | Fiji | 0.0144 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.2% | rising |
| 173 | Iceland | 0.0142 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.8% | falling |
| 174 | Ethiopia | 0.0134 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 51.1% | falling |
| 175 | Congo | 0.0117 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 70.3% | rising |
| 176 | Ghana | 0.0115 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 32.1% | volatile |
| 177 | Somalia | 0.0102 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 81.6% | rising |
| 178 | Kazakhstan | 0.0089 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 55.0% | rising |
| 179 | New Caledonia | 0.0088 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 69.1% | volatile |
| 180 | Uruguay | 0.0087 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.0% | rising |
| 181 | Eritrea | 0.0085 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.8% | falling |
| 182 | Australia | 0.0075 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.7% | falling |
| 183 | Sudan | 0.0072 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.3% | rising |
| 184 | Lesotho | 0.006 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.9% | rising |
| 185 | Tajikistan | 0.0053 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 352.0% | volatile |
| 186 | Northern Mariana Islands | 0.0049 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 17.3% | falling |
| 187 | Libya | 0.0047 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.5% | rising |
| 188 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.0042 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 25.2% | volatile |
| 189 | Yemen | 0.0036 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 44.9% | rising |
| 190 | Botswana | 0.0033 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 191 | Afghanistan | 0.0032 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 55.3% | volatile |
| 192 | Kenya | 0.0031 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 92.7% | volatile |
| 193 | Djibouti | 0.0029 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 85.0% | rising |
| 194 | Niger | 0.002 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.9% | volatile |
| 195 | Mauritania | 0.0014 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.1% | rising |
| 196 | Namibia | 0.001 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 65.8% | volatile |
| 197 | Greenland | 0.0005 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.9% | rising |
| 198 | Guam | 0.0003 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 51.8% | volatile |
| 199 | Liechtenstein | 0 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | falling |
| 199 | San Marino | 0 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 199 | United States Virgin Islands | 0 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 100.0% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
How this figure is calculated
Agrifood systems — Emissions (CO2) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Agrifood systems — Emissions (CO2) ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Agrifood systems — Emissions Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Agrifood systems — Emissions (CO2) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.