Annual Net Emissions/Removals (Greenhouse gas, Total, Metric ton of CO₂), per square kilometre by country
Annual Net Emissions/Removals (Greenhouse gas, Total, Metric ton of CO₂) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Countries reporting
199
Highest
0.1008 units per square kilometre
Singapore
Lowest
0 units per square kilometre
Greenland
Median
0.0003 units per square kilometre
Years covered
54
1970–2023
Data points
10,149
What the numbers show
Annual Net Emissions/Removals (Greenhouse gas, Total, Metric ton of CO₂), per square kilometre is currently reported for 199 countries. The highest value is 0.1008 units per square kilometre in Singapore; the lowest is 0 units per square kilometre in Greenland.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.0003 units per square kilometre, and the mean is 0.0027 units per square kilometre.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 63,670.
Over the past decade 135 countries rose and 64 fell. The largest increase was in Turks and Caicos Islands (up 190.2%), and the largest decrease in Estonia (down 49.4%).
Annual Net Emissions/Removals (Greenhouse gas, Total, Metric ton of): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Singapore | 0.1008 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 2 | Bahrain | 0.0811 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 3 | Gibraltar | 0.0653 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.5% | volatile |
| 4 | Macao | 0.0535 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.5% | rising |
| 5 | Hong Kong | 0.0378 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.4% | rising |
| 6 | Monaco | 0.0287 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 35.6% | falling |
| 7 | Qatar | 0.0136 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 24.0% | volatile |
| 8 | Kuwait | 0.0094 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 19.3% | rising |
| 9 | Maldives | 0.008 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 62.7% | volatile |
| 10 | Malta | 0.007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.8% | rising |
| 11 | South Korea | 0.0069 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.2% | volatile |
| 12 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.0066 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.3% | volatile |
| 13 | Bermuda | 0.0055 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 32.1% | rising |
| 14 | Netherlands | 0.0042 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 27.2% | falling |
| 15 | Israel | 0.0037 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.6% | rising |
| 16 | United Arab Emirates | 0.0036 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.6% | volatile |
| 17 | Belgium | 0.0032 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.7% | falling |
| 18 | Palau | 0.0032 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.3% | falling |
| 19 | Aruba | 0.0032 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.3% | volatile |
| 20 | Mauritius | 0.0031 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.8% | volatile |
| 21 | Luxembourg | 0.003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 31.3% | falling |
| 22 | Japan | 0.0029 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.3% | rising |
| 23 | Brunei | 0.0026 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.4% | rising |
| 24 | Lebanon | 0.0021 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.5% | rising |
| 25 | Barbados | 0.0021 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.8% | rising |
| 26 | Seychelles | 0.002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.5% | volatile |
| 27 | Germany | 0.0019 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 28.2% | falling |
| 28 | Puerto Rico | 0.0019 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 24.6% | falling |
| 29 | Vietnam | 0.0017 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 78.3% | volatile |
| 30 | Bangladesh | 0.0017 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.6% | rising |
| 31 | Cayman Islands | 0.0016 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 61.8% | volatile |
| 32 | United Kingdom | 0.0016 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 33.0% | falling |
| 33 | China | 0.0016 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.3% | volatile |
| 34 | India | 0.0014 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 36.8% | volatile |
| 35 | Czechia | 0.0013 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.1% | falling |
| 36 | Italy | 0.0013 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 15.3% | flat |
| 37 | Poland | 0.0011 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.4% | falling |
| 38 | Malaysia | 0.0011 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.6% | volatile |
| 39 | Liechtenstein | 0.001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 27.3% | falling |
| 40 | Dominican Republic | 0.001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 44.7% | rising |
| 41 | Switzerland | 0.001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.7% | falling |
| 42 | Denmark | 0.001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 31.7% | falling |
| 43 | Cyprus | 0.001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.1% | rising |
| 44 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.0009 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.8% | rising |
| 45 | Iraq | 0.0009 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 52.7% | rising |
| 46 | Azerbaijan | 0.0009 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.0% | rising |
| 47 | Philippines | 0.0009 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 46.9% | rising |
| 48 | Jamaica | 0.0008 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.8% | rising |
| 49 | Austria | 0.0008 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 15.1% | flat |
| 50 | Ireland | 0.0008 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.3% | rising |
| 51 | Turkey | 0.0008 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.5% | rising |
| 52 | North Korea | 0.0008 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 38.9% | falling |
| 53 | Slovakia | 0.0008 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.4% | falling |
| 54 | Saint Lucia | 0.0007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 60.6% | volatile |
| 55 | Serbia | 0.0007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.1% | falling |
| 56 | Slovenia | 0.0007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.2% | falling |
| 57 | Thailand | 0.0007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.9% | rising |
| 58 | British Virgin Islands | 0.0007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.3% | volatile |
| 59 | France | 0.0007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.2% | falling |
| 60 | El Salvador | 0.0007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.2% | rising |
| 61 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.0007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.2% | rising |
| 62 | Grenada | 0.0007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 34.2% | rising |
| 63 | Pakistan | 0.0007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.8% | volatile |
| 64 | United States | 0.0007 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.3% | rising |
| 65 | Iran | 0.0006 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.5% | rising |
| 66 | Indonesia | 0.0006 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 46.4% | volatile |
| 67 | Hungary | 0.0006 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.5% | falling |
| 68 | Portugal | 0.0006 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 16.2% | rising |
| 69 | Sri Lanka | 0.0006 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.3% | rising |
| 70 | Greece | 0.0006 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 30.4% | rising |
| 71 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.0006 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.1% | rising |
| 72 | Spain | 0.0005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 15.4% | rising |
| 73 | Comoros | 0.0005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 61.0% | rising |
| 74 | Haiti | 0.0005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.0% | rising |
| 75 | Uzbekistan | 0.0005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 24.6% | rising |
| 76 | Cuba | 0.0005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 16.7% | rising |
| 77 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.0005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.2% | rising |
| 78 | Croatia | 0.0005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.6% | flat |
| 79 | Romania | 0.0005 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.9% | falling |
| 80 | Belarus | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.1% | falling |
| 81 | Oman | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.7% | volatile |
| 82 | North Macedonia | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.2% | falling |
| 83 | Bulgaria | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 16.4% | falling |
| 84 | Egypt | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.5% | volatile |
| 85 | Ukraine | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 44.1% | falling |
| 86 | Mexico | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.8% | rising |
| 87 | Tonga | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.4% | rising |
| 88 | Moldova | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.9% | falling |
| 89 | South Africa | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.7% | rising |
| 90 | Jordan | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.9% | volatile |
| 91 | Armenia | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.8% | rising |
| 92 | Nepal | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.1% | rising |
| 93 | Nigeria | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 19.9% | rising |
| 94 | Saudi Arabia | 0.0004 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.9% | volatile |
| 95 | Rwanda | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 35.7% | rising |
| 96 | Costa Rica | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.6% | rising |
| 97 | Panama | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.8% | rising |
| 98 | Guatemala | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.8% | rising |
| 99 | Burundi | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 42.4% | rising |
| 100 | French Polynesia | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.6% | rising |
| 101 | Ecuador | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 102 | New Zealand | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.6% | rising |
| 103 | Georgia | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.8% | rising |
| 104 | New Caledonia | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.9% | volatile |
| 105 | Lithuania | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.1% | falling |
| 106 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 43.0% | volatile |
| 107 | Uganda | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 42.7% | volatile |
| 108 | Tunisia | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.9% | rising |
| 109 | Cambodia | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 53.1% | volatile |
| 110 | Turkmenistan | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.4% | rising |
| 111 | Albania | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.9% | falling |
| 112 | Montenegro | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.0% | falling |
| 113 | Estonia | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 49.4% | falling |
| 114 | Syria | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.9% | rising |
| 115 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.0003 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.3% | volatile |
| 116 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 190.2% | volatile |
| 117 | Uruguay | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.1% | rising |
| 118 | Cape Verde | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.3% | volatile |
| 119 | Morocco | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.9% | rising |
| 120 | Honduras | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.9% | rising |
| 121 | Ghana | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 49.5% | volatile |
| 122 | Dominica | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.7% | rising |
| 123 | Malawi | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 40.2% | volatile |
| 124 | Togo | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 41.0% | volatile |
| 125 | Venezuela | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 30.0% | rising |
| 126 | Samoa | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 127 | Gambia | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 128 | Myanmar | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.0% | rising |
| 129 | Bahamas | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.0% | rising |
| 130 | Laos | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 166.0% | volatile |
| 131 | Eswatini | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 132 | Colombia | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.2% | rising |
| 133 | Ethiopia | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 37.5% | rising |
| 134 | Senegal | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 47.5% | rising |
| 135 | Latvia | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.8% | falling |
| 136 | Nicaragua | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.4% | rising |
| 137 | Tajikistan | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 67.5% | rising |
| 138 | Benin | 0.0002 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 40.9% | volatile |
| 139 | Brazil | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.6% | rising |
| 140 | Fiji | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.5% | rising |
| 141 | Kiribati | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.0% | rising |
| 142 | Finland | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 34.6% | falling |
| 143 | Chile | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 144 | Kazakhstan | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.1% | rising |
| 145 | Norway | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.5% | flat |
| 146 | Russia | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.6% | flat |
| 147 | Burkina Faso | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.3% | volatile |
| 148 | Argentina | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.6% | rising |
| 149 | East Timor | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 21.1% | volatile |
| 150 | Guinea | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 59.9% | volatile |
| 151 | Cote d'Ivoire | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 50.9% | volatile |
| 152 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.4% | rising |
| 153 | Tanzania | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 52.7% | rising |
| 154 | Kenya | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.2% | rising |
| 155 | Sweden | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.6% | falling |
| 156 | Sierra Leone | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 19.9% | rising |
| 157 | Paraguay | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.0% | rising |
| 158 | Djibouti | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.8% | rising |
| 159 | Algeria | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.7% | volatile |
| 160 | Lesotho | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.3% | rising |
| 161 | Cameroon | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.7% | rising |
| 162 | Gabon | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 163 | Canada | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.6% | rising |
| 164 | Peru | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.2% | rising |
| 165 | Chad | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 76.9% | volatile |
| 166 | Sudan | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.9% | rising |
| 167 | Congo | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.4% | rising |
| 168 | Faroe Islands | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.0% | rising |
| 169 | Australia | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.2% | rising |
| 170 | Madagascar | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.6% | rising |
| 171 | Yemen | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 38.9% | volatile |
| 172 | Mongolia | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 80.9% | rising |
| 173 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 38.1% | volatile |
| 174 | Libya | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.1% | falling |
| 175 | Angola | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.4% | rising |
| 176 | Somalia | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.2% | rising |
| 177 | Eritrea | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.3% | rising |
| 178 | Bolivia | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.5% | rising |
| 179 | Vanuatu | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.2% | rising |
| 180 | Zambia | 0.0001 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 52.7% | rising |
| 181 | Afghanistan | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.3% | rising |
| 182 | Iceland | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.9% | rising |
| 183 | Liberia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.9% | rising |
| 184 | Belize | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.2% | rising |
| 185 | Guyana | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 96.5% | rising |
| 186 | Mozambique | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 47.2% | volatile |
| 187 | Mali | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 59.7% | volatile |
| 188 | Bhutan | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 43.3% | volatile |
| 189 | Zimbabwe | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 190 | Niger | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 47.1% | rising |
| 191 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 47.6% | rising |
| 192 | Papua New Guinea | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.6% | rising |
| 193 | Suriname | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 194 | Botswana | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 195 | Solomon Islands | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.2% | rising |
| 196 | Central African Republic | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.9% | rising |
| 197 | Namibia | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 44.2% | rising |
| 198 | Mauritania | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 37.1% | rising |
| 199 | Greenland | 0 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.9% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- World 0.0004 units per square kilometre
- North America 0.0004 units per square kilometre
How this figure is calculated
Annual Net Emissions/Removals (Greenhouse gas, Total, Metric ton of CO₂) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Annual Net Emissions/Removals (Greenhouse gas, Total, Metric ton of CO₂) ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Annual Net Emissions/Removals International Monetary Fund
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Annual Net Emissions/Removals (Greenhouse gas, Total, Metric ton of CO₂) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.