Annual PM2.5 emissions from wildfires in Indonesia
Indonesia: Annual PM2.5 emissions from wildfires was 3.27 million tonnes in 2026. ◆ Volatile
Annual PM2.5 emissions from wildfires in Indonesia, 2003–2026
Source: Global Wildfire Information System (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes.
Analysis
In 2026, annual pm2.5 emissions from wildfires in Indonesia stood at 3.27 million tonnes.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 1,579.6% on the previous year and up 747.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, annual pm2.5 emissions from wildfires in Indonesia peaked at 5.09 million tonnes in 2015 and was at its lowest, 194,979 tonnes, in 2025.
Indonesia ranks 2nd of 248 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Annual PM2.5 emissions from wildfires in Indonesia, year by year
| Year | tonnes | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2003 | 1.21 million tonnes | — |
| 2004 | 1.92 million tonnes | +59.3% |
| 2005 | 1.36 million tonnes | -29.1% |
| 2006 | 3.31 million tonnes | +143.0% |
| 2007 | 623,150 tonnes | -81.2% |
| 2008 | 633,554 tonnes | +1.7% |
| 2009 | 1.87 million tonnes | +195.5% |
| 2010 | 315,301 tonnes | -83.2% |
| 2011 | 1.21 million tonnes | +284.9% |
| 2012 | 1.31 million tonnes | +7.6% |
| 2013 | 817,041 tonnes | -37.4% |
| 2014 | 2.54 million tonnes | +210.3% |
| 2015 | 5.09 million tonnes | +100.8% |
| 2016 | 386,335 tonnes | -92.4% |
| 2017 | 321,561 tonnes | -16.8% |
| 2018 | 749,880 tonnes | +133.2% |
| 2019 | 2.84 million tonnes | +279.2% |
| 2020 | 259,408 tonnes | -90.9% |
| 2021 | 247,144 tonnes | -4.7% |
| 2022 | 196,186 tonnes | -20.6% |
| 2023 | 1.06 million tonnes | +440.6% |
| 2024 | 369,346 tonnes | -65.2% |
| 2025 | 194,979 tonnes | -47.2% |
| 2026 | 3.27 million tonnes | +1579.6% |
Indonesia compared with similar countries
- Indonesia's 3.27 million tonnes is above the median for upper middle income countries, which is 5,584 tonnes, 586.5× the median. (58 countries reporting)
- Indonesia's 3.27 million tonnes is above the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 301.22 tonnes, 10871.9× the median. (37 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Annual PM2.5 emissions from wildfires in Indonesia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | +1579.6% | 194,979 tonnes | 3.27 million tonnes |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000s | 1.56 million tonnes | 623,150 tonnes | 3.31 million tonnes | 7 |
| 2010s | 1.56 million tonnes | 315,301 tonnes | 5.09 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2020s | 800,360 tonnes | 194,979 tonnes | 3.27 million tonnes | 7 |
Countries ranked near Indonesia
More climate change data for Indonesia
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 3.73 billion kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 60,521 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 23,775 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 36,746 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 89.72 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 1,312 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 101,360 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 26,015 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 75,346 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 98.17 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is annual pm2.5 emissions from wildfires in Indonesia?
- Annual pm2.5 emissions from wildfires in Indonesia was 3.27 million tonnes in 2026, according to Global Wildfire Information System (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest annual pm2.5 emissions from wildfires recorded in Indonesia?
- The highest recorded value was 5.09 million tonnes in 2015.
- What is the lowest annual pm2.5 emissions from wildfires recorded in Indonesia?
- The lowest recorded value was 194,979 tonnes in 2025.
- How does Indonesia rank for annual pm2.5 emissions from wildfires?
- Indonesia ranks 2nd out of 248 countries with data for 2026.
- Is annual pm2.5 emissions from wildfires rising or falling in Indonesia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 747.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Indonesia data come from?
- The figures come from Global Wildfire Information System (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Annual PM2.5 emissions from wildfires. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 24 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
PM2.5 emissions represent the quantity of fine particulate matter (diameter less than 2.5 micrometers) released by wildfires, in tonnes. The 2026 data is incomplete and was last updated 18 September 2026.