Carbon emission intensity vs. GDP per capita by country
Carbon emission intensity is measured in kilograms of CO₂ per dollar of GDP. Emissions from fossil fuels and industry are included, but land-use change emissions are not. GDP per capita is adjusted for inflation and differences in living costs between countries.
Countries reporting
186
Highest
4.48
Palau
Lowest
0
Tuvalu
Median
0.1277
Years covered
35
1990–2024
Data points
6,583
What the numbers show
Carbon emission intensity vs. GDP per capita is currently reported for 186 countries. The highest value is 4.48 in Palau; the lowest is 0 in Tuvalu.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.1277, and the mean is 0.1798.
Over the past decade 63 countries rose and 121 fell. The largest increase was in Laos (up 277.9%), and the largest decrease in Guyana (down 71.6%).
Carbon emission intensity vs. GDP per capita: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Palau | 4.48 | 2024 | up 16.2% | falling |
| 2 | Libya | 0.6885 | 2024 | down 10.5% | rising |
| 3 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.6127 | 2024 | down 13.0% | falling |
| 4 | Turkmenistan | 0.5881 | 2024 | down 29.8% | falling |
| 5 | Iran | 0.5178 | 2024 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 6 | Oman | 0.5079 | 2024 | up 7.4% | rising |
| 7 | Kuwait | 0.5073 | 2024 | up 21.0% | falling |
| 8 | South Africa | 0.5057 | 2024 | down 15.4% | falling |
| 9 | Mongolia | 0.4659 | 2024 | down 1.4% | falling |
| 10 | Qatar | 0.4252 | 2024 | up 5.7% | falling |
| 11 | Iraq | 0.4074 | 2024 | up 45.7% | falling |
| 12 | Bahrain | 0.4047 | 2024 | down 12.0% | falling |
| 13 | China | 0.3907 | 2024 | down 31.2% | falling |
| 14 | Laos | 0.39 | 2024 | up 277.9% | volatile |
| 15 | Uzbekistan | 0.3715 | 2024 | down 27.1% | falling |
| 16 | Kazakhstan | 0.3494 | 2024 | down 17.2% | falling |
| 17 | Russia | 0.3282 | 2024 | down 1.5% | falling |
| 18 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.3134 | 2024 | down 27.7% | volatile |
| 19 | Syria | 0.303 | 2022 | up 8.8% | falling |
| 20 | Vietnam | 0.2963 | 2024 | up 32.9% | rising |
| 21 | Saudi Arabia | 0.2925 | 2024 | down 16.8% | rising |
| 22 | United Arab Emirates | 0.2619 | 2024 | down 21.0% | flat |
| 23 | Algeria | 0.2568 | 2024 | down 2.1% | flat |
| 24 | Brunei | 0.256 | 2024 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 25 | Jamaica | 0.2508 | 2024 | down 4.1% | falling |
| 26 | Seychelles | 0.2471 | 2024 | down 38.1% | flat |
| 27 | Malaysia | 0.244 | 2024 | down 20.1% | falling |
| 28 | Canada | 0.2435 | 2024 | down 17.2% | falling |
| 29 | Australia | 0.2338 | 2024 | down 23.2% | falling |
| 30 | Sudan | 0.2329 | 2024 | up 105.4% | rising |
| 31 | India | 0.2308 | 2024 | down 20.1% | falling |
| 32 | Tonga | 0.227 | 2024 | up 12.0% | rising |
| 33 | Vanuatu | 0.2267 | 2024 | up 27.2% | rising |
| 34 | Congo | 0.217 | 2024 | up 87.4% | rising |
| 35 | Suriname | 0.2117 | 2024 | up 13.5% | rising |
| 36 | Samoa | 0.2087 | 2024 | down 8.9% | rising |
| 37 | Moldova | 0.2084 | 2024 | down 13.8% | falling |
| 38 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.2063 | 2024 | down 32.4% | falling |
| 39 | South Korea | 0.2063 | 2024 | down 27.3% | falling |
| 40 | Tunisia | 0.2052 | 2024 | down 1.8% | falling |
| 41 | Ukraine | 0.2045 | 2024 | down 43.7% | falling |
| 42 | Belarus | 0.2038 | 2024 | down 20.1% | falling |
| 43 | Bolivia | 0.2022 | 2024 | up 21.6% | rising |
| 44 | Jordan | 0.1996 | 2024 | down 24.7% | falling |
| 45 | Indonesia | 0.198 | 2024 | up 6.6% | falling |
| 46 | Morocco | 0.1977 | 2024 | down 8.3% | falling |
| 47 | Mozambique | 0.1946 | 2024 | up 25.6% | rising |
| 48 | Tajikistan | 0.194 | 2024 | up 0.9% | falling |
| 49 | Ecuador | 0.19 | 2024 | down 1.4% | falling |
| 50 | Estonia | 0.1884 | 2024 | down 61.1% | volatile |
| 51 | Lebanon | 0.181 | 2024 | down 30.0% | falling |
| 52 | Thailand | 0.181 | 2024 | down 14.5% | falling |
| 53 | Kiribati | 0.1809 | 2024 | down 18.1% | rising |
| 54 | United States | 0.18 | 2024 | down 30.9% | falling |
| 55 | Azerbaijan | 0.1725 | 2024 | down 1.9% | volatile |
| 56 | Honduras | 0.1723 | 2024 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 57 | Senegal | 0.1714 | 2024 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 58 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.1701 | 2024 | up 32.3% | volatile |
| 59 | Poland | 0.1672 | 2024 | down 36.3% | falling |
| 61 | North Macedonia | 0.1653 | 2024 | down 30.0% | falling |
| 62 | Japan | 0.1652 | 2024 | down 27.8% | falling |
| 63 | Solomon Islands | 0.1631 | 2024 | down 27.0% | falling |
| 64 | Lesotho | 0.1587 | 2024 | up 61.5% | rising |
| 65 | Cambodia | 0.1572 | 2024 | up 61.8% | rising |
| 66 | Bulgaria | 0.1551 | 2024 | down 45.6% | falling |
| 67 | Maldives | 0.1548 | 2024 | down 45.2% | rising |
| 68 | Botswana | 0.1512 | 2024 | down 21.7% | falling |
| 69 | Argentina | 0.1498 | 2024 | down 4.3% | falling |
| 70 | Mauritania | 0.1495 | 2024 | up 25.2% | flat |
| 71 | Egypt | 0.149 | 2024 | down 18.1% | falling |
| 72 | Turkey | 0.1488 | 2024 | down 19.6% | falling |
| 73 | Czechia | 0.1486 | 2024 | down 41.4% | falling |
| 74 | Zimbabwe | 0.1483 | 2024 | down 15.0% | falling |
| 75 | Pakistan | 0.1475 | 2024 | down 15.5% | falling |
| 76 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0.1474 | 2024 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 77 | Zambia | 0.1464 | 2024 | up 51.6% | flat |
| 78 | Georgia | 0.1463 | 2024 | down 20.0% | volatile |
| 79 | Philippines | 0.1448 | 2024 | up 6.1% | falling |
| 80 | Comoros | 0.1448 | 2024 | up 127.0% | volatile |
| 81 | Greenland | 0.1448 | 2023 | down 6.2% | volatile |
| 82 | Afghanistan | 0.1441 | 2024 | up 79.1% | volatile |
| 83 | Cyprus | 0.1427 | 2024 | down 35.0% | falling |
| 84 | Slovakia | 0.1368 | 2024 | down 30.5% | falling |
| 85 | Malawi | 0.1355 | 2024 | down 27.6% | falling |
| 86 | Greece | 0.1347 | 2024 | down 35.5% | falling |
| 87 | Cape Verde | 0.1311 | 2024 | down 35.0% | rising |
| 88 | Chile | 0.1301 | 2024 | down 18.8% | falling |
| 89 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.1296 | 2024 | up 5.2% | rising |
| 90 | El Salvador | 0.1293 | 2024 | up 10.5% | flat |
| 91 | Bhutan | 0.1289 | 2024 | down 1.7% | rising |
| 92 | Peru | 0.1289 | 2024 | up 3.8% | falling |
| 93 | Slovenia | 0.1288 | 2024 | down 29.2% | falling |
| 94 | East Timor | 0.1283 | 2024 | down 9.4% | rising |
| 95 | Mauritius | 0.127 | 2024 | down 12.8% | flat |
| 96 | Benin | 0.1249 | 2024 | down 24.6% | rising |
| 97 | Iceland | 0.1249 | 2024 | down 29.0% | falling |
| 98 | New Zealand | 0.1245 | 2024 | down 29.3% | falling |
| 99 | Dominican Republic | 0.1236 | 2024 | down 0.2% | falling |
| 100 | Armenia | 0.123 | 2024 | down 18.5% | volatile |
| 101 | Israel | 0.1217 | 2024 | down 38.1% | falling |
| 102 | Papua New Guinea | 0.1204 | 2024 | down 25.9% | falling |
| 103 | Fiji | 0.1193 | 2024 | down 21.5% | falling |
| 104 | Brazil | 0.118 | 2024 | down 17.1% | flat |
| 105 | Namibia | 0.1172 | 2024 | up 1.3% | falling |
| 106 | Barbados | 0.1171 | 2024 | down 3.1% | rising |
| 107 | Belgium | 0.1154 | 2024 | down 24.6% | falling |
| 108 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.1138 | 2024 | down 11.2% | rising |
| 109 | Aruba | 0.1133 | 2024 | down 1.7% | rising |
| 110 | Croatia | 0.1128 | 2024 | down 23.7% | falling |
| 112 | Germany | 0.1108 | 2024 | down 31.8% | falling |
| 113 | Hungary | 0.1094 | 2024 | down 27.4% | falling |
| 114 | Myanmar | 0.1091 | 2024 | up 56.0% | falling |
| 115 | Puerto Rico | 0.109 | 2024 | up 41.1% | falling |
| 116 | Nicaragua | 0.1083 | 2024 | down 10.2% | falling |
| 117 | Gabon | 0.1082 | 2024 | down 31.7% | falling |
| 118 | Burkina Faso | 0.1079 | 2024 | up 48.8% | rising |
| 119 | Haiti | 0.1072 | 2024 | up 17.3% | rising |
| 120 | Nepal | 0.1062 | 2024 | up 44.7% | rising |
| 121 | Mali | 0.1038 | 2024 | up 67.6% | volatile |
| 122 | Bahamas | 0.1003 | 2024 | up 10.4% | falling |
| 123 | Ghana | 0.0993 | 2024 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 124 | Austria | 0.0991 | 2024 | down 21.8% | falling |
| 125 | Finland | 0.099 | 2024 | down 42.3% | falling |
| 126 | Colombia | 0.0973 | 2024 | down 12.1% | falling |
| 127 | Latvia | 0.097 | 2024 | down 25.3% | volatile |
| 128 | Italy | 0.0953 | 2024 | down 21.6% | falling |
| 129 | Lithuania | 0.0946 | 2024 | down 28.5% | volatile |
| 130 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.0941 | 2024 | up 29.9% | rising |
| 131 | Liberia | 0.0939 | 2024 | down 36.6% | falling |
| 132 | Netherlands | 0.0937 | 2024 | down 39.4% | falling |
| 133 | Togo | 0.0933 | 2024 | down 6.7% | rising |
| 134 | Spain | 0.093 | 2024 | down 30.0% | falling |
| 135 | Romania | 0.0919 | 2024 | down 34.8% | volatile |
| 136 | Madagascar | 0.0883 | 2024 | up 13.1% | rising |
| 137 | Guinea | 0.0878 | 2024 | up 20.4% | rising |
| 138 | Guatemala | 0.0875 | 2024 | down 0.3% | rising |
| 139 | Cote d'Ivoire | 0.0873 | 2024 | up 0.5% | rising |
| 140 | Tanzania | 0.0865 | 2024 | up 13.7% | rising |
| 141 | Grenada | 0.0858 | 2024 | up 27.2% | rising |
| 142 | Eswatini | 0.0848 | 2024 | down 11.0% | falling |
| 143 | Angola | 0.0847 | 2024 | down 12.7% | falling |
| 144 | Bangladesh | 0.0843 | 2024 | down 11.9% | rising |
| 145 | Albania | 0.0825 | 2024 | down 40.1% | falling |
| 146 | Luxembourg | 0.0822 | 2024 | down 39.4% | falling |
| 147 | Uruguay | 0.0799 | 2024 | up 15.2% | falling |
| 148 | United Kingdom | 0.079 | 2024 | down 41.0% | falling |
| 149 | Portugal | 0.0787 | 2024 | down 39.7% | falling |
| 150 | Sri Lanka | 0.0772 | 2024 | up 15.8% | flat |
| 151 | Norway | 0.0757 | 2024 | down 28.2% | falling |
| 153 | Belize | 0.0739 | 2024 | up 54.7% | flat |
| 154 | France | 0.0731 | 2024 | down 25.4% | falling |
| 156 | Cameroon | 0.0719 | 2024 | down 18.0% | falling |
| 157 | Nigeria | 0.0709 | 2024 | down 4.6% | falling |
| 158 | Paraguay | 0.0708 | 2024 | up 2.6% | rising |
| 159 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.0701 | 2024 | up 14.8% | rising |
| 161 | Saint Lucia | 0.0693 | 2024 | up 42.5% | rising |
| 162 | Dominica | 0.0679 | 2024 | up 25.2% | rising |
| 163 | Niger | 0.0662 | 2024 | down 15.0% | rising |
| 164 | Burundi | 0.0658 | 2024 | up 78.6% | rising |
| 165 | Kenya | 0.0656 | 2024 | down 12.3% | rising |
| 166 | Guyana | 0.0646 | 2024 | down 71.6% | falling |
| 167 | Cayman Islands | 0.0617 | 2024 | up 16.8% | rising |
| 168 | Denmark | 0.0602 | 2024 | down 42.5% | falling |
| 169 | Costa Rica | 0.0598 | 2024 | down 26.6% | falling |
| 170 | Chad | 0.0586 | 2024 | up 67.1% | volatile |
| 171 | Gambia | 0.0583 | 2024 | down 35.7% | rising |
| 172 | Uganda | 0.0573 | 2024 | up 6.2% | rising |
| 173 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.0572 | 2024 | down 37.1% | falling |
| 174 | Sweden | 0.0571 | 2024 | down 26.1% | falling |
| 175 | Central African Republic | 0.057 | 2024 | up 63.2% | rising |
| 176 | Sierra Leone | 0.0546 | 2024 | down 12.5% | falling |
| 177 | Malta | 0.0509 | 2024 | down 59.8% | volatile |
| 178 | Ireland | 0.0508 | 2024 | down 57.1% | falling |
| 179 | Ethiopia | 0.0507 | 2024 | down 24.7% | falling |
| 180 | Rwanda | 0.0488 | 2024 | up 25.7% | falling |
| 181 | Switzerland | 0.0438 | 2024 | down 31.5% | falling |
| 182 | Bermuda | 0.0396 | 2024 | down 13.8% | flat |
| 183 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 0.0355 | 2024 | up 4.2% | falling |
| 184 | Somalia | 0.0323 | 2024 | down 29.8% | falling |
| 185 | Macao | 0.0226 | 2024 | up 9.5% | falling |
| 186 | Faroe Islands | 0.0005 | 2024 | down 17.4% | falling |
| 187 | Micronesia (country) | 0.0005 | 2024 | down 12.0% | falling |
| 188 | Marshall Islands | 0.0004 | 2024 | down 17.7% | falling |
| 189 | United States Virgin Islands | 0 | 2022 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 190 | Nauru | 0 | 2024 | — | flat |
| 190 | Tuvalu | 0 | 2024 | — | flat |
About this data
Carbon emission intensity is measured in kilograms of CO₂ per dollar of GDP. Emissions from fossil fuels and industry are included, but land-use change emissions are not. GDP per capita is adjusted for inflation and differences in living costs between countries.