How does India rank for co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change?

India ranks 3rd out of 215 countries with data for 2024.

Is co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change rising or falling in India?

Over the last ten years it is up 48.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.

Where does this India data come from?

The figures come from Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in India

Name: CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in India
Creator: Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data
License: CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)

India: CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change was 3.19 billion tonnes in 2024. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2024)

3.19 billion tonnes

Change on year

up 4.3%

World rank

3rd

of 215 countries

All-time high

3.19 billion tonnes

in 2024

All-time low

394,481 tonnes

in 1858

Years of data

156

1858–2024

CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in India, 1858–2024

Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes.

Analysis

In 2024, co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in India stood at 3.19 billion tonnes. That is the highest value across all 156 years on record.

The figure is up 4.3% on the previous year and up 48.7% over ten years.

Over the whole period, co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in India peaked at 3.19 billion tonnes in 2024 and was at its lowest, 394,481 tonnes, in 1858.

India ranks 3rd of 215 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Averages by decade

Decade	Average	Lowest	Highest	Years
1850s	515,478 tonnes	394,481 tonnes	636,474 tonnes	2
1860s	583,435 tonnes	497,245 tonnes	643,104 tonnes	7
1870s	1.73 million tonnes	1.68 million tonnes	1.77 million tonnes	2
1880s	2.68 million tonnes	1.84 million tonnes	4.02 million tonnes	10
1890s	6.77 million tonnes	4.43 million tonnes	10.05 million tonnes	10
1900s	17.83 million tonnes	11.93 million tonnes	24.91 million tonnes	10
1910s	32.40 million tonnes	23.49 million tonnes	42.97 million tonnes	10
1920s	39.16 million tonnes	34.87 million tonnes	41.88 million tonnes	10
1930s	41.93 million tonnes	35.47 million tonnes	50.38 million tonnes	10
1940s	52.14 million tonnes	46.64 million tonnes	56.19 million tonnes	10
1950s	78.21 million tonnes	60.94 million tonnes	101.44 million tonnes	10
1960s	147.03 million tonnes	111.32 million tonnes	177.41 million tonnes	10
1970s	227.90 million tonnes	181.72 million tonnes	276.29 million tonnes	10
1980s	395.75 million tonnes	291.71 million tonnes	540.66 million tonnes	10
1990s	751.91 million tonnes	577.99 million tonnes	961.19 million tonnes	10
2000s	1.22 billion tonnes	987.07 million tonnes	1.61 billion tonnes	10
2010s	2.17 billion tonnes	1.68 billion tonnes	2.61 billion tonnes	10
2020s	2.84 billion tonnes	2.42 billion tonnes	3.19 billion tonnes	5

Countries ranked near India

1 China 12.29 billion tonnes compare
2 United States 4.90 billion tonnes compare
4 Russia 1.78 billion tonnes compare
5 Japan 961.87 million tonnes compare
6 Indonesia 812.22 million tonnes compare

See the full ranking of 216 places →

More climate change data for India

Share of global CO₂ emissions and population 14.8% (2100)
Population growth 0.9% (2025)
Population, total 1.46 billion (2025)
Urban population growth 1.8% (2025)
Urban population 522.44 million (2025)
Urban population 35.7% (2025)
CO₂ emissions per capita vs. GDP per capita 2.2 tonnes per person (2024)
Cumulative CO₂ emissions 66.07 billion tonnes (2024)
CO₂ emissions per capita 2.2 tonnes per person (2024)
CO₂ emissions per capita vs. share of electricity generation from renewables 2.2 tonnes per person (2024)

All data for India →

Frequently asked questions

What is co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in India?: Co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in India was 3.19 billion tonnes in 2024, according to Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
What is the highest co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change recorded in India?: The highest recorded value was 3.19 billion tonnes in 2024.
What is the lowest co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change recorded in India?: The lowest recorded value was 394,481 tonnes in 1858.
How does India rank for co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change?: India ranks 3rd out of 215 countries with data for 2024.
Is co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change rising or falling in India?: Over the last ten years it is up 48.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this India data come from?: The figures come from Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

Download this data

CSV · JSON — 156 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).

About this data

Indicator: CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change
Unit: tonnes
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage: 216 places, 22,638 data points, 1850–2024
Last refreshed: 07 August 2026

Annual total emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), excluding land-use change, measured in tonnes.