CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in Estonia
Estonia: CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change was 8.10 million tonnes in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2024)
8.10 million tonnes
Change on year
down 3.2%
World rank
138th
of 194 countries
All-time high
37.11 million tonnes
in 1989
All-time low
2.39 million tonnes
in 1943
Years of data
169
1850–2024
CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in Estonia, 1850–2024
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes.
Analysis
The most recent figure for co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in Estonia is 8.10 million tonnes, measured in 2024.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 3.2% on the previous year and down 55.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in Estonia peaked at 37.11 million tonnes in 1989 and was at its lowest, 2.39 million tonnes, in 1943.
Estonia ranks 138th of 194 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in Estonia, year by year
| Year | tonnes | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 14.18 million tonnes | — |
| 1855 | 14.22 million tonnes | +0.3% |
| 1858 | 14.40 million tonnes | +1.3% |
| 1859 | 14.59 million tonnes | +1.3% |
| 1860 | 11.84 million tonnes | -18.9% |
| 1861 | 10.84 million tonnes | -8.4% |
| 1862 | 10.43 million tonnes | -3.8% |
| 1863 | 10.03 million tonnes | -3.8% |
| 1864 | 9.50 million tonnes | -5.3% |
| 1865 | 9.10 million tonnes | -4.2% |
| 1866 | 8.80 million tonnes | -3.3% |
| 1867 | 8.63 million tonnes | -2.0% |
| 1868 | 8.19 million tonnes | -5.1% |
| 1869 | 7.97 million tonnes | -2.6% |
| 1870 | 7.81 million tonnes | -2.0% |
| 1871 | 7.43 million tonnes | -4.9% |
| 1872 | 7.12 million tonnes | -4.2% |
| 1873 | 6.87 million tonnes | -3.5% |
| 1874 | 6.75 million tonnes | -1.6% |
| 1875 | 6.53 million tonnes | -3.3% |
| 1876 | 6.40 million tonnes | -2.1% |
| 1877 | 6.26 million tonnes | -2.2% |
| 1878 | 6.19 million tonnes | -1.0% |
| 1879 | 6.14 million tonnes | -0.9% |
| 1880 | 5.86 million tonnes | -4.5% |
| 1881 | 5.61 million tonnes | -4.3% |
| 1882 | 5.59 million tonnes | -0.3% |
| 1883 | 5.55 million tonnes | -0.6% |
| 1884 | 5.37 million tonnes | -3.3% |
| 1885 | 5.22 million tonnes | -2.9% |
| 1886 | 5.14 million tonnes | -1.5% |
| 1887 | 5.04 million tonnes | -1.9% |
| 1888 | 4.90 million tonnes | -2.9% |
| 1889 | 4.80 million tonnes | -2.0% |
| 1890 | 4.81 million tonnes | +0.2% |
| 1891 | 4.65 million tonnes | -3.3% |
| 1892 | 4.45 million tonnes | -4.3% |
| 1893 | 4.32 million tonnes | -2.9% |
| 1894 | 4.24 million tonnes | -1.9% |
| 1895 | 4.26 million tonnes | +0.3% |
| 1896 | 4.18 million tonnes | -1.9% |
| 1897 | 4.16 million tonnes | -0.3% |
| 1898 | 4.29 million tonnes | +3.0% |
| 1899 | 4.26 million tonnes | -0.8% |
| 1900 | 4.19 million tonnes | -1.6% |
| 1901 | 4.26 million tonnes | +1.6% |
| 1902 | 4.04 million tonnes | -5.0% |
| 1903 | 4.03 million tonnes | -0.3% |
| 1904 | 3.98 million tonnes | -1.3% |
| 1905 | 3.90 million tonnes | -2.0% |
| 1906 | 3.87 million tonnes | -0.7% |
| 1907 | 3.93 million tonnes | +1.5% |
| 1908 | 3.85 million tonnes | -2.1% |
| 1909 | 3.88 million tonnes | +0.7% |
| 1910 | 3.67 million tonnes | -5.4% |
| 1911 | 3.62 million tonnes | -1.4% |
| 1912 | 3.69 million tonnes | +2.1% |
| 1913 | 3.84 million tonnes | +4.0% |
| 1914 | 3.59 million tonnes | -6.6% |
| 1915 | 3.48 million tonnes | -2.8% |
| 1916 | 3.45 million tonnes | -0.9% |
| 1917 | 3.36 million tonnes | -2.6% |
| 1918 | 2.73 million tonnes | -18.9% |
| 1919 | 2.55 million tonnes | -6.7% |
| 1920 | 2.52 million tonnes | -0.9% |
| 1921 | 2.46 million tonnes | -2.5% |
| 1922 | 2.48 million tonnes | +0.9% |
| 1923 | 2.46 million tonnes | -0.8% |
| 1924 | 2.54 million tonnes | +3.3% |
| 1925 | 2.47 million tonnes | -2.8% |
| 1926 | 2.63 million tonnes | +6.5% |
| 1927 | 2.67 million tonnes | +1.6% |
| 1928 | 2.78 million tonnes | +4.1% |
| 1929 | 2.86 million tonnes | +2.8% |
| 1930 | 3.16 million tonnes | +10.3% |
| 1931 | 3.45 million tonnes | +9.4% |
| 1932 | 3.59 million tonnes | +4.1% |
| 1933 | 3.71 million tonnes | +3.3% |
| 1934 | 4.15 million tonnes | +11.7% |
| 1935 | 4.37 million tonnes | +5.4% |
| 1936 | 4.87 million tonnes | +11.4% |
| 1937 | 4.79 million tonnes | -1.8% |
| 1938 | 5.03 million tonnes | +5.0% |
| 1939 | 4.97 million tonnes | -1.2% |
| 1940 | 5.49 million tonnes | +10.6% |
| 1941 | 4.72 million tonnes | -14.1% |
| 1942 | 2.55 million tonnes | -45.9% |
| 1943 | 2.39 million tonnes | -6.2% |
| 1944 | 3.33 million tonnes | +39.1% |
| 1945 | 3.40 million tonnes | +2.2% |
| 1946 | 3.65 million tonnes | +7.3% |
| 1947 | 4.34 million tonnes | +19.0% |
| 1948 | 4.44 million tonnes | +2.2% |
| 1949 | 5.08 million tonnes | +14.6% |
| 1950 | 5.76 million tonnes | +13.4% |
| 1951 | 6.48 million tonnes | +12.5% |
| 1952 | 6.87 million tonnes | +5.9% |
| 1953 | 6.94 million tonnes | +1.1% |
| 1954 | 7.33 million tonnes | +5.6% |
| 1955 | 8.30 million tonnes | +13.2% |
| 1956 | 8.62 million tonnes | +3.9% |
| 1957 | 8.86 million tonnes | +2.8% |
| 1958 | 8.44 million tonnes | -4.7% |
| 1959 | 5.20 million tonnes | -38.4% |
| 1960 | 6.16 million tonnes | +18.4% |
| 1961 | 7.22 million tonnes | +17.3% |
| 1962 | 7.96 million tonnes | +10.1% |
| 1963 | 9.44 million tonnes | +18.6% |
| 1964 | 10.84 million tonnes | +14.9% |
| 1965 | 12.07 million tonnes | +11.4% |
| 1966 | 13.43 million tonnes | +11.3% |
| 1967 | 14.75 million tonnes | +9.8% |
| 1968 | 15.79 million tonnes | +7.1% |
| 1969 | 16.88 million tonnes | +6.9% |
| 1970 | 18.37 million tonnes | +8.8% |
| 1971 | 20.11 million tonnes | +9.4% |
| 1972 | 21.67 million tonnes | +7.8% |
| 1973 | 23.35 million tonnes | +7.7% |
| 1974 | 24.44 million tonnes | +4.7% |
| 1975 | 26.25 million tonnes | +7.4% |
| 1976 | 27.68 million tonnes | +5.5% |
| 1977 | 28.87 million tonnes | +4.3% |
| 1978 | 30.02 million tonnes | +4.0% |
| 1979 | 30.67 million tonnes | +2.2% |
| 1980 | 32.26 million tonnes | +5.2% |
| 1981 | 31.74 million tonnes | -1.6% |
| 1982 | 32.63 million tonnes | +2.8% |
| 1983 | 33.20 million tonnes | +1.7% |
| 1984 | 33.74 million tonnes | +1.6% |
| 1985 | 36.74 million tonnes | +8.9% |
| 1986 | 36.88 million tonnes | +0.4% |
| 1987 | 35.91 million tonnes | -2.7% |
| 1988 | 36.06 million tonnes | +0.4% |
| 1989 | 37.11 million tonnes | +2.9% |
| 1990 | 35.19 million tonnes | -5.2% |
| 1991 | 32.68 million tonnes | -7.1% |
| 1992 | 22.18 million tonnes | -32.1% |
| 1993 | 14.03 million tonnes | -36.7% |
| 1994 | 13.22 million tonnes | -5.8% |
| 1995 | 12.63 million tonnes | -4.5% |
| 1996 | 14.11 million tonnes | +11.7% |
| 1997 | 15.44 million tonnes | +9.5% |
| 1998 | 12.53 million tonnes | -18.9% |
| 1999 | 13.00 million tonnes | +3.8% |
| 2000 | 8.42 million tonnes | -35.2% |
| 2001 | 6.63 million tonnes | -21.3% |
| 2002 | 12.42 million tonnes | +87.4% |
| 2003 | 9.95 million tonnes | -19.9% |
| 2004 | 17.65 million tonnes | +77.3% |
| 2005 | 13.94 million tonnes | -21.0% |
| 2006 | 13.41 million tonnes | -3.8% |
| 2007 | 15.71 million tonnes | +17.2% |
| 2008 | 14.96 million tonnes | -4.8% |
| 2009 | 12.87 million tonnes | -14.0% |
| 2010 | 16.20 million tonnes | +25.8% |
| 2011 | 16.28 million tonnes | +0.5% |
| 2012 | 15.70 million tonnes | -3.6% |
| 2013 | 17.89 million tonnes | +13.9% |
| 2014 | 18.19 million tonnes | +1.7% |
| 2015 | 15.39 million tonnes | -15.4% |
| 2016 | 15.80 million tonnes | +2.7% |
| 2017 | 17.24 million tonnes | +9.1% |
| 2018 | 16.70 million tonnes | -3.1% |
| 2019 | 10.93 million tonnes | -34.5% |
| 2020 | 8.21 million tonnes | -24.9% |
| 2021 | 9.44 million tonnes | +15.0% |
| 2022 | 11.35 million tonnes | +20.2% |
| 2023 | 8.36 million tonnes | -26.3% |
| 2024 | 8.10 million tonnes | -3.2% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 8.10 million tonnes is below the median for high income countries, which is 36.71 million tonnes, 22% of the median. (62 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 8.10 million tonnes is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 32.46 million tonnes, 25% of the median. (50 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in Estonia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | +87.4% | 6.63 million tonnes | 12.42 million tonnes |
| 2004 | +77.3% | 9.95 million tonnes | 17.65 million tonnes |
| 1942 | -45.9% | 4.72 million tonnes | 2.55 million tonnes |
| 1944 | +39.1% | 2.39 million tonnes | 3.33 million tonnes |
| 1959 | -38.4% | 8.44 million tonnes | 5.20 million tonnes |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1850s | 14.35 million tonnes | 14.18 million tonnes | 14.59 million tonnes | 4 |
| 1860s | 9.53 million tonnes | 7.97 million tonnes | 11.84 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1870s | 6.75 million tonnes | 6.14 million tonnes | 7.81 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1880s | 5.31 million tonnes | 4.80 million tonnes | 5.86 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1890s | 4.36 million tonnes | 4.16 million tonnes | 4.81 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1900s | 3.99 million tonnes | 3.85 million tonnes | 4.26 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1910s | 3.40 million tonnes | 2.55 million tonnes | 3.84 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1920s | 2.59 million tonnes | 2.46 million tonnes | 2.86 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1930s | 4.21 million tonnes | 3.16 million tonnes | 5.03 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1940s | 3.94 million tonnes | 2.39 million tonnes | 5.49 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1950s | 7.28 million tonnes | 5.20 million tonnes | 8.86 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1960s | 11.45 million tonnes | 6.16 million tonnes | 16.88 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1970s | 25.14 million tonnes | 18.37 million tonnes | 30.67 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1980s | 34.63 million tonnes | 31.74 million tonnes | 37.11 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1990s | 18.50 million tonnes | 12.53 million tonnes | 35.19 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2000s | 12.60 million tonnes | 6.63 million tonnes | 17.65 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2010s | 16.03 million tonnes | 10.93 million tonnes | 18.19 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2020s | 9.09 million tonnes | 8.10 million tonnes | 11.35 million tonnes | 5 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
More climate change data for Estonia
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 22.20 million kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 871.8 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 170.85 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 700.96 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 0.6447 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 25.03 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 178.32 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 175.54 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 2.79 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 0.6624 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in Estonia?
- Co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change in Estonia was 8.10 million tonnes in 2024, according to Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 37.11 million tonnes in 1989.
- What is the lowest co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 2.39 million tonnes in 1943.
- How does Estonia rank for co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change?
- Estonia ranks 138th out of 194 countries with data for 2024.
- Is co₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 55.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of CO₂ emissions from fossil fuels and land-use change. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 169 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Annual total emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), including land-use change, measured in tonnes.