Annual change in GDP and CO₂ emissions in United Kingdom
United Kingdom: Annual change in GDP and CO₂ emissions was 1.4% in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Annual change in GDP and CO₂ emissions in United Kingdom, 1961–2025
Source: National statistical organizations and central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in annual %.
Analysis
The most recent figure for annual change in gdp and co₂ emissions in United Kingdom is 1.4%, measured in 2025.
That represents a change of up 28.5% on the previous year and down 35.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, annual change in gdp and co₂ emissions in United Kingdom peaked at 8.5% in 2021 and was at its lowest, -10.0%, in 2020.
United Kingdom ranks 161st of 212 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Annual change in GDP and CO₂ emissions in United Kingdom, year by year
| Year | annual % | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1961 | 2.7% | — |
| 1962 | 1.1% | -59.3% |
| 1963 | 4.9% | +342.3% |
| 1964 | 5.6% | +15.1% |
| 1965 | 2.1% | -61.9% |
| 1966 | 1.6% | -26.4% |
| 1967 | 2.8% | +77.1% |
| 1968 | 5.5% | +97.2% |
| 1969 | 1.9% | -64.6% |
| 1970 | 2.7% | +39.7% |
| 1971 | 2.0% | -26.0% |
| 1972 | 3.6% | +80.9% |
| 1973 | 7.3% | +101.7% |
| 1974 | -1.7% | -123.0% |
| 1975 | -0.7% | -59.7% |
| 1976 | 2.8% | -514.4% |
| 1977 | 2.4% | -15.7% |
| 1978 | 3.4% | +44.0% |
| 1979 | 2.7% | -19.3% |
| 1980 | -2.2% | -179.3% |
| 1981 | -1.3% | -39.3% |
| 1982 | 2.1% | -258.2% |
| 1983 | 3.6% | +73.2% |
| 1984 | 2.7% | -26.3% |
| 1985 | 3.6% | +34.8% |
| 1986 | 4.0% | +11.5% |
| 1987 | 4.6% | +13.7% |
| 1988 | 5.0% | +10.3% |
| 1989 | 2.3% | -54.7% |
| 1990 | 0.8% | -65.8% |
| 1991 | -1.3% | -265.9% |
| 1992 | 1.3% | -200.2% |
| 1993 | 3.5% | +169.6% |
| 1994 | 5.0% | +41.9% |
| 1995 | 3.5% | -28.7% |
| 1996 | 2.6% | -26.0% |
| 1997 | 4.9% | +86.6% |
| 1998 | 3.2% | -33.5% |
| 1999 | 2.9% | -9.3% |
| 2000 | 4.5% | +53.7% |
| 2001 | 2.4% | -47.2% |
| 2002 | 1.7% | -28.5% |
| 2003 | 3.2% | +88.3% |
| 2004 | 2.3% | -27.7% |
| 2005 | 2.8% | +20.0% |
| 2006 | 2.2% | -21.5% |
| 2007 | 2.9% | +33.8% |
| 2008 | -0.0% | -101.7% |
| 2009 | -4.6% | +9184.1% |
| 2010 | 2.3% | -149.3% |
| 2011 | 0.9% | -62.3% |
| 2012 | 1.5% | +79.5% |
| 2013 | 1.7% | +12.4% |
| 2014 | 3.2% | +83.9% |
| 2015 | 2.1% | -32.3% |
| 2016 | 2.2% | +3.1% |
| 2017 | 3.0% | +37.0% |
| 2018 | 1.6% | -48.7% |
| 2019 | 1.3% | -19.0% |
| 2020 | -10.0% | -899.8% |
| 2021 | 8.5% | -185.0% |
| 2022 | 5.1% | -39.7% |
| 2023 | 0.3% | -94.7% |
| 2024 | 1.1% | +297.7% |
| 2025 | 1.4% | +28.5% |
United Kingdom compared with similar countries
- United Kingdom's 1.4% is below the median for high income countries, which is 2.1%, 65% of the median. (83 countries reporting)
- United Kingdom's 1.4% is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 1.9%, 74% of the median. (55 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Annual change in GDP and CO₂ emissions in United Kingdom changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | -9184.1% | -0.0% | -4.6% |
| 2020 | -899.8% | 1.3% | -10.0% |
| 1976 | +514.4% | -0.7% | 2.8% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 3.1% | 1.1% | 5.6% | 9 |
| 1970s | 2.5% | -1.7% | 7.3% | 10 |
| 1980s | 2.4% | -2.2% | 5.0% | 10 |
| 1990s | 2.6% | -1.3% | 5.0% | 10 |
| 2000s | 1.7% | -4.6% | 4.5% | 10 |
| 2010s | 2.0% | 0.9% | 3.2% | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.1% | -10.0% | 8.5% | 6 |
Countries ranked near United Kingdom
More climate change data for United Kingdom
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 37,706 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 8,697 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 29,008 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 32.82 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 1,036 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 7,083 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 7,027 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 55.89 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 26.52 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 2 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is annual change in gdp and co₂ emissions in United Kingdom?
- Annual change in gdp and co₂ emissions in United Kingdom was 1.4% in 2025, according to National statistical organizations and central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest annual change in gdp and co₂ emissions recorded in United Kingdom?
- The highest recorded value was 8.5% in 2021.
- What is the lowest annual change in gdp and co₂ emissions recorded in United Kingdom?
- The lowest recorded value was -10.0% in 2020.
- How does United Kingdom rank for annual change in gdp and co₂ emissions?
- United Kingdom ranks 161st out of 212 countries with data for 2025.
- Is annual change in gdp and co₂ emissions rising or falling in United Kingdom?
- Over the last ten years it is down 35.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this United Kingdom data come from?
- The figures come from National statistical organizations and central banks, OECD national accounts, and World Bank staff estimates (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Annual change in GDP and CO₂ emissions. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Percentage change in gross domestic product (GDP) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions.