Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change in Australia
Australia: Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change was 34.01 billion tonnes in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2024)
34.01 billion tonnes
Change on year
up 1.3%
World rank
14th
of 194 countries
All-time high
34.01 billion tonnes
in 2024
All-time low
8.78 million tonnes
in 1850
Years of data
175
1850–2024
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change in Australia, 1850–2024
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes.
Analysis
The most recent figure for cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change in Australia is 34.01 billion tonnes, measured in 2024. That is the highest value across all 175 years on record.
That represents a change of up 1.3% on the previous year and up 15.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change in Australia peaked at 34.01 billion tonnes in 2024 and was at its lowest, 8.78 million tonnes, in 1850.
Australia ranks 14th of 194 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change in Australia, year by year
| Year | tonnes | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 8.78 million tonnes | — |
| 1851 | 17.70 million tonnes | +101.6% |
| 1852 | 27.36 million tonnes | +54.6% |
| 1853 | 38.38 million tonnes | +40.3% |
| 1854 | 49.74 million tonnes | +29.6% |
| 1855 | 61.21 million tonnes | +23.0% |
| 1856 | 73.11 million tonnes | +19.4% |
| 1857 | 85.11 million tonnes | +16.4% |
| 1858 | 97.88 million tonnes | +15.0% |
| 1859 | 110.62 million tonnes | +13.0% |
| 1860 | 124.93 million tonnes | +12.9% |
| 1861 | 140.12 million tonnes | +12.2% |
| 1862 | 156.27 million tonnes | +11.5% |
| 1863 | 172.61 million tonnes | +10.5% |
| 1864 | 188.65 million tonnes | +9.3% |
| 1865 | 206.66 million tonnes | +9.5% |
| 1866 | 224.99 million tonnes | +8.9% |
| 1867 | 243.56 million tonnes | +8.3% |
| 1868 | 262.21 million tonnes | +7.7% |
| 1869 | 280.96 million tonnes | +7.2% |
| 1870 | 304.30 million tonnes | +8.3% |
| 1871 | 332.01 million tonnes | +9.1% |
| 1872 | 360.97 million tonnes | +8.7% |
| 1873 | 391.03 million tonnes | +8.3% |
| 1874 | 422.65 million tonnes | +8.1% |
| 1875 | 454.23 million tonnes | +7.5% |
| 1876 | 488.24 million tonnes | +7.5% |
| 1877 | 522.66 million tonnes | +7.0% |
| 1878 | 556.73 million tonnes | +6.5% |
| 1879 | 591.42 million tonnes | +6.2% |
| 1880 | 622.92 million tonnes | +5.3% |
| 1881 | 653.78 million tonnes | +5.0% |
| 1882 | 683.69 million tonnes | +4.6% |
| 1883 | 714.69 million tonnes | +4.5% |
| 1884 | 746.32 million tonnes | +4.4% |
| 1885 | 777.64 million tonnes | +4.2% |
| 1886 | 808.32 million tonnes | +3.9% |
| 1887 | 840.13 million tonnes | +3.9% |
| 1888 | 872.14 million tonnes | +3.8% |
| 1889 | 904.83 million tonnes | +3.7% |
| 1890 | 946.32 million tonnes | +4.6% |
| 1891 | 991.81 million tonnes | +4.8% |
| 1892 | 1.04 billion tonnes | +4.9% |
| 1893 | 1.09 billion tonnes | +4.8% |
| 1894 | 1.14 billion tonnes | +4.8% |
| 1895 | 1.20 billion tonnes | +4.7% |
| 1896 | 1.25 billion tonnes | +4.5% |
| 1897 | 1.31 billion tonnes | +4.6% |
| 1898 | 1.37 billion tonnes | +4.4% |
| 1899 | 1.43 billion tonnes | +4.3% |
| 1900 | 1.48 billion tonnes | +4.1% |
| 1901 | 1.54 billion tonnes | +4.0% |
| 1902 | 1.60 billion tonnes | +3.9% |
| 1903 | 1.66 billion tonnes | +3.7% |
| 1904 | 1.72 billion tonnes | +3.6% |
| 1905 | 1.78 billion tonnes | +3.5% |
| 1906 | 1.84 billion tonnes | +3.5% |
| 1907 | 1.91 billion tonnes | +3.5% |
| 1908 | 1.98 billion tonnes | +3.4% |
| 1909 | 2.04 billion tonnes | +3.2% |
| 1910 | 2.10 billion tonnes | +3.1% |
| 1911 | 2.16 billion tonnes | +3.0% |
| 1912 | 2.23 billion tonnes | +3.0% |
| 1913 | 2.29 billion tonnes | +2.9% |
| 1914 | 2.36 billion tonnes | +2.9% |
| 1915 | 2.43 billion tonnes | +2.8% |
| 1916 | 2.49 billion tonnes | +2.5% |
| 1917 | 2.55 billion tonnes | +2.5% |
| 1918 | 2.61 billion tonnes | +2.5% |
| 1919 | 2.68 billion tonnes | +2.4% |
| 1920 | 2.80 billion tonnes | +4.5% |
| 1921 | 2.94 billion tonnes | +5.0% |
| 1922 | 3.10 billion tonnes | +5.4% |
| 1923 | 3.26 billion tonnes | +5.4% |
| 1924 | 3.45 billion tonnes | +5.5% |
| 1925 | 3.63 billion tonnes | +5.5% |
| 1926 | 3.83 billion tonnes | +5.3% |
| 1927 | 4.03 billion tonnes | +5.2% |
| 1928 | 4.23 billion tonnes | +5.0% |
| 1929 | 4.43 billion tonnes | +4.8% |
| 1930 | 4.58 billion tonnes | +3.4% |
| 1931 | 4.71 billion tonnes | +2.7% |
| 1932 | 4.82 billion tonnes | +2.4% |
| 1933 | 4.92 billion tonnes | +2.2% |
| 1934 | 5.02 billion tonnes | +2.0% |
| 1935 | 5.12 billion tonnes | +1.9% |
| 1936 | 5.21 billion tonnes | +1.8% |
| 1937 | 5.30 billion tonnes | +1.8% |
| 1938 | 5.39 billion tonnes | +1.7% |
| 1939 | 5.48 billion tonnes | +1.6% |
| 1940 | 5.56 billion tonnes | +1.6% |
| 1941 | 5.65 billion tonnes | +1.6% |
| 1942 | 5.75 billion tonnes | +1.7% |
| 1943 | 5.84 billion tonnes | +1.6% |
| 1944 | 5.93 billion tonnes | +1.6% |
| 1945 | 6.02 billion tonnes | +1.5% |
| 1946 | 6.11 billion tonnes | +1.5% |
| 1947 | 6.21 billion tonnes | +1.5% |
| 1948 | 6.30 billion tonnes | +1.5% |
| 1949 | 6.40 billion tonnes | +1.5% |
| 1950 | 6.55 billion tonnes | +2.3% |
| 1951 | 6.72 billion tonnes | +2.7% |
| 1952 | 6.91 billion tonnes | +2.8% |
| 1953 | 7.12 billion tonnes | +3.0% |
| 1954 | 7.34 billion tonnes | +3.1% |
| 1955 | 7.58 billion tonnes | +3.2% |
| 1956 | 7.83 billion tonnes | +3.3% |
| 1957 | 8.09 billion tonnes | +3.4% |
| 1958 | 8.36 billion tonnes | +3.3% |
| 1959 | 8.64 billion tonnes | +3.3% |
| 1960 | 8.90 billion tonnes | +3.0% |
| 1961 | 9.20 billion tonnes | +3.4% |
| 1962 | 9.43 billion tonnes | +2.5% |
| 1963 | 9.72 billion tonnes | +3.0% |
| 1964 | 10.04 billion tonnes | +3.3% |
| 1965 | 10.42 billion tonnes | +3.7% |
| 1966 | 10.74 billion tonnes | +3.1% |
| 1967 | 11.27 billion tonnes | +4.9% |
| 1968 | 11.60 billion tonnes | +2.9% |
| 1969 | 11.85 billion tonnes | +2.2% |
| 1970 | 12.06 billion tonnes | +1.7% |
| 1971 | 12.27 billion tonnes | +1.7% |
| 1972 | 12.42 billion tonnes | +1.2% |
| 1973 | 12.58 billion tonnes | +1.3% |
| 1974 | 12.72 billion tonnes | +1.1% |
| 1975 | 12.93 billion tonnes | +1.7% |
| 1976 | 13.13 billion tonnes | +1.6% |
| 1977 | 13.47 billion tonnes | +2.6% |
| 1978 | 13.78 billion tonnes | +2.3% |
| 1979 | 14.08 billion tonnes | +2.2% |
| 1980 | 14.38 billion tonnes | +2.1% |
| 1981 | 14.74 billion tonnes | +2.5% |
| 1982 | 15.04 billion tonnes | +2.0% |
| 1983 | 15.49 billion tonnes | +3.0% |
| 1984 | 15.83 billion tonnes | +2.2% |
| 1985 | 16.12 billion tonnes | +1.8% |
| 1986 | 16.37 billion tonnes | +1.5% |
| 1987 | 16.59 billion tonnes | +1.3% |
| 1988 | 16.80 billion tonnes | +1.3% |
| 1989 | 17.01 billion tonnes | +1.3% |
| 1990 | 17.27 billion tonnes | +1.5% |
| 1991 | 17.50 billion tonnes | +1.3% |
| 1992 | 17.82 billion tonnes | +1.8% |
| 1993 | 18.15 billion tonnes | +1.9% |
| 1994 | 18.46 billion tonnes | +1.7% |
| 1995 | 18.96 billion tonnes | +2.7% |
| 1996 | 19.48 billion tonnes | +2.7% |
| 1997 | 19.94 billion tonnes | +2.4% |
| 1998 | 20.48 billion tonnes | +2.7% |
| 1999 | 20.97 billion tonnes | +2.4% |
| 2000 | 21.54 billion tonnes | +2.7% |
| 2001 | 22.01 billion tonnes | +2.2% |
| 2002 | 22.44 billion tonnes | +2.0% |
| 2003 | 23.04 billion tonnes | +2.7% |
| 2004 | 23.61 billion tonnes | +2.5% |
| 2005 | 24.07 billion tonnes | +2.0% |
| 2006 | 24.49 billion tonnes | +1.7% |
| 2007 | 24.97 billion tonnes | +2.0% |
| 2008 | 25.65 billion tonnes | +2.7% |
| 2009 | 26.17 billion tonnes | +2.0% |
| 2010 | 27.13 billion tonnes | +3.7% |
| 2011 | 27.81 billion tonnes | +2.5% |
| 2012 | 28.38 billion tonnes | +2.0% |
| 2013 | 28.95 billion tonnes | +2.0% |
| 2014 | 29.42 billion tonnes | +1.6% |
| 2015 | 29.86 billion tonnes | +1.5% |
| 2016 | 30.37 billion tonnes | +1.7% |
| 2017 | 30.87 billion tonnes | +1.7% |
| 2018 | 31.33 billion tonnes | +1.5% |
| 2019 | 31.79 billion tonnes | +1.4% |
| 2020 | 32.28 billion tonnes | +1.5% |
| 2021 | 32.73 billion tonnes | +1.4% |
| 2022 | 33.16 billion tonnes | +1.3% |
| 2023 | 33.58 billion tonnes | +1.3% |
| 2024 | 34.01 billion tonnes | +1.3% |
Australia compared with similar countries
- Australia's 34.01 billion tonnes is above the median for high income countries, which is 3.31 billion tonnes, 10.3× the median. (62 countries reporting)
- Australia's 34.01 billion tonnes is above the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 2.16 billion tonnes, 15.7× the median. (30 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change in Australia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1851 | +101.6% | 8.78 million tonnes | 17.70 million tonnes |
| 1852 | +54.6% | 17.70 million tonnes | 27.36 million tonnes |
| 1853 | +40.3% | 27.36 million tonnes | 38.38 million tonnes |
| 1854 | +29.6% | 38.38 million tonnes | 49.74 million tonnes |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1850s | 56.99 million tonnes | 8.78 million tonnes | 110.62 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1860s | 200.10 million tonnes | 124.93 million tonnes | 280.96 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1870s | 442.42 million tonnes | 304.30 million tonnes | 591.42 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1880s | 762.45 million tonnes | 622.92 million tonnes | 904.83 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1890s | 1.18 billion tonnes | 946.32 million tonnes | 1.43 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 1900s | 1.76 billion tonnes | 1.48 billion tonnes | 2.04 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 1910s | 2.39 billion tonnes | 2.10 billion tonnes | 2.68 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 1920s | 3.57 billion tonnes | 2.80 billion tonnes | 4.43 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 1930s | 5.05 billion tonnes | 4.58 billion tonnes | 5.48 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 1940s | 5.98 billion tonnes | 5.56 billion tonnes | 6.40 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 1950s | 7.51 billion tonnes | 6.55 billion tonnes | 8.64 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 1960s | 10.32 billion tonnes | 8.90 billion tonnes | 11.85 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 1970s | 12.94 billion tonnes | 12.06 billion tonnes | 14.08 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 1980s | 15.84 billion tonnes | 14.38 billion tonnes | 17.01 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 1990s | 18.90 billion tonnes | 17.27 billion tonnes | 20.97 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 2000s | 23.80 billion tonnes | 21.54 billion tonnes | 26.17 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 2010s | 29.59 billion tonnes | 27.13 billion tonnes | 31.79 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 2020s | 33.15 billion tonnes | 32.28 billion tonnes | 34.01 billion tonnes | 5 |
Countries ranked near Australia
More climate change data for Australia
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 1.30 billion kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 118,578 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 34,162 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 84,416 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 128.91 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 3,015 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 12,473 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 10,966 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 1,507 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 41.38 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change in Australia?
- Cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change in Australia was 34.01 billion tonnes in 2024, according to Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change recorded in Australia?
- The highest recorded value was 34.01 billion tonnes in 2024.
- What is the lowest cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change recorded in Australia?
- The lowest recorded value was 8.78 million tonnes in 1850.
- How does Australia rank for cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change?
- Australia ranks 14th out of 194 countries with data for 2024.
- Is cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change rising or falling in Australia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 15.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Australia data come from?
- The figures come from Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 175 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Total cumulative emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), including land-use change, since the first year of available data, measured in tonnes.