Energy — Emissions (CO2), per square kilometre by country
Energy — Emissions (CO2) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Countries reporting
186
Highest
83.57 kt per square kilometre
Singapore
Lowest
0.0004 kt per square kilometre
Central African Republic
Median
0.1781 kt per square kilometre
Years covered
63
1961–2023
Data points
10,734
What the numbers show
Energy — Emissions (CO2), per square kilometre is currently reported for 186 countries. The highest value is 83.57 kt per square kilometre in Singapore; the lowest is 0.0004 kt per square kilometre in Central African Republic.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.1781 kt per square kilometre, and the mean is 1.41 kt per square kilometre.
Over the past decade 121 countries rose and 63 fell. The largest increase was in Laos (up 420.3%), and the largest decrease in Ukraine (down 63.9%).
Energy — Emissions (CO2), per square kilometre: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Singapore | 83.57 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.6% | rising |
| 2 | Bahrain | 35.38 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.3% | volatile |
| 3 | Monaco | 24.95 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 37.0% | falling |
| 4 | Qatar | 10.71 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 49.7% | volatile |
| 5 | Maldives | 7.99 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 119.8% | volatile |
| 6 | Malta | 6.94 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.1% | volatile |
| 7 | Kuwait | 6.57 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 40.5% | volatile |
| 8 | Trinidad and Tobago | 6.49 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 27.1% | volatile |
| 9 | Aruba | 5.1 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.5% | volatile |
| 10 | United Arab Emirates | 3.59 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.6% | volatile |
| 11 | Belgium | 2.81 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.6% | falling |
| 12 | Barbados | 2.74 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 32.6% | volatile |
| 13 | Luxembourg | 2.66 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 28.3% | falling |
| 14 | Nauru | 2.65 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.9% | falling |
| 15 | Japan | 2.63 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.8% | rising |
| 16 | Israel | 2.52 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.0% | volatile |
| 17 | San Marino | 2.4 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.2% | rising |
| 18 | Brunei | 2.16 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 42.1% | volatile |
| 19 | Mauritius | 2.16 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.9% | volatile |
| 20 | Lebanon | 1.93 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.5% | volatile |
| 21 | Germany | 1.57 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 26.6% | falling |
| 22 | Antigua and Barbuda | 1.45 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.5% | volatile |
| 23 | Seychelles | 1.42 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 57.2% | volatile |
| 24 | United Kingdom | 1.25 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 33.6% | falling |
| 25 | China | 1.21 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 19.4% | volatile |
| 26 | British Virgin Islands | 1.11 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.1% | volatile |
| 27 | Vietnam | 1.03 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 164.4% | volatile |
| 28 | Czechia | 1.01 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 24.5% | falling |
| 29 | India | 0.9787 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 52.4% | volatile |
| 30 | Italy | 0.9705 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.1% | rising |
| 31 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.9154 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.2% | volatile |
| 32 | Malaysia | 0.8827 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.9% | volatile |
| 33 | Andorra | 0.8787 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.0% | rising |
| 34 | Grenada | 0.8765 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.0% | volatile |
| 35 | Poland | 0.862 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.3% | falling |
| 36 | Marshall Islands | 0.8389 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 37 | Bangladesh | 0.8232 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 75.4% | volatile |
| 38 | Saint Lucia | 0.818 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.3% | volatile |
| 39 | Switzerland | 0.7796 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.7% | flat |
| 40 | Liechtenstein | 0.7562 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 32.0% | falling |
| 41 | Cyprus | 0.671 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.5% | volatile |
| 42 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.6487 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.0% | volatile |
| 43 | Austria | 0.6423 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.7% | rising |
| 44 | Serbia | 0.6243 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.8% | falling |
| 45 | Slovakia | 0.5928 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.9% | falling |
| 46 | Jamaica | 0.5799 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.8% | rising |
| 47 | Denmark | 0.565 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 40.7% | falling |
| 48 | Slovenia | 0.5215 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.8% | falling |
| 49 | United States | 0.5072 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.9% | rising |
| 50 | Philippines | 0.5031 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 69.5% | volatile |
| 51 | France | 0.5028 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 21.0% | falling |
| 52 | Thailand | 0.5011 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.9% | volatile |
| 53 | Azerbaijan | 0.5009 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.8% | falling |
| 54 | Turkey | 0.5002 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.8% | volatile |
| 55 | Palau | 0.4783 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.5% | flat |
| 56 | Dominican Republic | 0.4647 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.6% | volatile |
| 57 | Ireland | 0.4573 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.9% | rising |
| 58 | Hungary | 0.4526 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.7% | falling |
| 59 | Indonesia | 0.4465 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 118.9% | volatile |
| 60 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.4316 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 61 | Spain | 0.4283 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.3% | rising |
| 62 | Iraq | 0.4169 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.2% | volatile |
| 63 | Portugal | 0.405 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.7% | rising |
| 64 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0.3895 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.4% | volatile |
| 65 | Greece | 0.384 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 25.6% | rising |
| 66 | Tuvalu | 0.3767 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.7% | volatile |
| 67 | El Salvador | 0.375 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 37.8% | volatile |
| 68 | South Africa | 0.3528 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.3% | rising |
| 69 | Estonia | 0.3276 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 37.0% | falling |
| 70 | Bulgaria | 0.315 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.8% | falling |
| 71 | Croatia | 0.3127 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.1% | falling |
| 72 | North Macedonia | 0.3077 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.5% | falling |
| 73 | Saudi Arabia | 0.3056 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.6% | volatile |
| 74 | Sri Lanka | 0.278 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.4% | volatile |
| 75 | Uzbekistan | 0.2655 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.2% | falling |
| 76 | Tonga | 0.2625 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 65.8% | volatile |
| 77 | Belarus | 0.2616 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.0% | falling |
| 78 | Romania | 0.2582 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.8% | falling |
| 79 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.251 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.8% | volatile |
| 80 | Mexico | 0.2479 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.2% | rising |
| 81 | Egypt | 0.2411 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.0% | volatile |
| 82 | Oman | 0.241 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.5% | volatile |
| 83 | Jordan | 0.2286 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.4% | volatile |
| 84 | Bahamas | 0.2248 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.8% | volatile |
| 85 | Armenia | 0.2223 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.1% | rising |
| 86 | Dominica | 0.216 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.5% | volatile |
| 87 | Pakistan | 0.2076 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.3% | volatile |
| 88 | Cuba | 0.2071 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.6% | rising |
| 89 | Lithuania | 0.2013 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.3% | falling |
| 90 | Tunisia | 0.1995 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.0% | volatile |
| 91 | Comoros | 0.1913 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 94.5% | volatile |
| 92 | Ecuador | 0.1824 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.5% | volatile |
| 93 | Panama | 0.1793 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 34.1% | volatile |
| 94 | Costa Rica | 0.1769 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.7% | volatile |
| 95 | Ukraine | 0.1743 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 63.9% | falling |
| 96 | Montenegro | 0.1725 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 97 | Guatemala | 0.1708 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 56.4% | volatile |
| 98 | Syria | 0.1656 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.3% | volatile |
| 99 | Moldova | 0.1555 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.9% | volatile |
| 100 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.1552 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 35.5% | volatile |
| 101 | Albania | 0.1504 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.0% | falling |
| 102 | Morocco | 0.1481 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.6% | volatile |
| 103 | Nigeria | 0.1449 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.0% | rising |
| 104 | Turkmenistan | 0.1383 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 105 | Georgia | 0.1298 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.8% | rising |
| 106 | Russia | 0.1246 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.9% | rising |
| 107 | New Zealand | 0.1223 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.7% | rising |
| 108 | Chile | 0.1062 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.6% | volatile |
| 109 | Norway | 0.1043 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 32.9% | rising |
| 110 | Honduras | 0.1037 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.3% | volatile |
| 111 | Finland | 0.1036 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 34.4% | rising |
| 112 | Colombia | 0.0928 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.7% | rising |
| 113 | Haiti | 0.09 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.4% | volatile |
| 114 | Samoa | 0.0896 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.7% | volatile |
| 115 | Kazakhstan | 0.0878 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.5% | rising |
| 116 | Latvia | 0.0853 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.5% | falling |
| 117 | Nepal | 0.0844 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 138.2% | volatile |
| 118 | Kiribati | 0.084 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 32.6% | rising |
| 119 | Ghana | 0.0831 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 50.0% | volatile |
| 120 | Cambodia | 0.0799 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 173.8% | volatile |
| 121 | Algeria | 0.0798 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.7% | volatile |
| 122 | Lesotho | 0.0791 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.6% | volatile |
| 123 | Laos | 0.0776 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 420.3% | volatile |
| 124 | Sweden | 0.0744 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 31.4% | falling |
| 125 | Gambia | 0.0721 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 71.8% | volatile |
| 126 | Eswatini | 0.0703 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.2% | volatile |
| 127 | Argentina | 0.0694 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 128 | Benin | 0.0652 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 68.6% | volatile |
| 129 | Canada | 0.0646 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.2% | rising |
| 130 | Rwanda | 0.0588 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 93.9% | volatile |
| 131 | Fiji | 0.0569 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 132 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.0519 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.3% | rising |
| 133 | Senegal | 0.0513 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 69.5% | volatile |
| 134 | Myanmar | 0.051 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 170.9% | volatile |
| 135 | Nicaragua | 0.0507 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.9% | volatile |
| 136 | Brazil | 0.0503 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.5% | volatile |
| 137 | East Timor | 0.05 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.4% | volatile |
| 138 | Australia | 0.0473 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.5% | rising |
| 139 | Uruguay | 0.0452 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 140 | Peru | 0.0439 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 44.5% | rising |
| 141 | Cote d'Ivoire | 0.0403 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 32.1% | volatile |
| 142 | Libya | 0.04 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 62.7% | rising |
| 143 | Tajikistan | 0.0381 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 95.4% | rising |
| 144 | Kenya | 0.0377 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 96.9% | volatile |
| 145 | Burundi | 0.0342 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.8% | volatile |
| 146 | Togo | 0.0331 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 53.8% | volatile |
| 147 | Belize | 0.0324 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 67.7% | volatile |
| 148 | Iceland | 0.0304 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 47.5% | rising |
| 149 | Uganda | 0.0299 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 76.2% | volatile |
| 150 | Mongolia | 0.0257 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.4% | volatile |
| 151 | Yemen | 0.0256 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 48.7% | volatile |
| 152 | Zimbabwe | 0.0254 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.9% | rising |
| 153 | Bhutan | 0.0231 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 37.8% | volatile |
| 154 | Gabon | 0.023 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.5% | rising |
| 155 | Malawi | 0.0208 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 83.2% | rising |
| 156 | Congo | 0.0203 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.8% | volatile |
| 157 | Suriname | 0.0202 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.5% | rising |
| 158 | Paraguay | 0.0191 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 53.4% | volatile |
| 159 | Afghanistan | 0.0187 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.9% | volatile |
| 160 | Cameroon | 0.0185 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.8% | volatile |
| 161 | Sierra Leone | 0.018 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.8% | volatile |
| 162 | Papua New Guinea | 0.0177 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 47.1% | volatile |
| 163 | Angola | 0.0172 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.2% | rising |
| 164 | Vanuatu | 0.0171 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 89.1% | volatile |
| 165 | Burkina Faso | 0.0155 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 61.0% | volatile |
| 166 | Guinea | 0.0154 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 79.6% | volatile |
| 167 | Ethiopia | 0.015 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 110.2% | volatile |
| 168 | Djibouti | 0.015 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 30.5% | rising |
| 169 | Guyana | 0.0135 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.6% | rising |
| 170 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.0129 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 47.6% | rising |
| 171 | Sudan | 0.012 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.2% | rising |
| 172 | Zambia | 0.0114 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 128.3% | rising |
| 173 | Botswana | 0.0109 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.6% | volatile |
| 174 | Solomon Islands | 0.0107 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.1% | volatile |
| 175 | Mozambique | 0.0088 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 121.3% | volatile |
| 176 | Liberia | 0.0088 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.3% | volatile |
| 177 | Madagascar | 0.0082 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 50.6% | volatile |
| 178 | Eritrea | 0.0057 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 44.4% | falling |
| 179 | Namibia | 0.0043 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 54.3% | volatile |
| 180 | Mali | 0.0039 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 86.4% | volatile |
| 181 | Mauritania | 0.0037 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 75.1% | volatile |
| 182 | South Sudan | 0.0033 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.7% | rising |
| 183 | Niger | 0.0021 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.7% | volatile |
| 184 | Chad | 0.0019 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.1% | volatile |
| 185 | Somalia | 0.0011 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.5% | rising |
| 186 | Central African Republic | 0.0004 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 87.2% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- World 0.2708 kt per square kilometre
How this figure is calculated
Energy — Emissions (CO2) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Energy — Emissions (CO2) ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Energy — Emissions Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Energy — Emissions (CO2) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.