Per capita CO₂ emissions including land-use change in Estonia
Estonia: Per capita CO₂ emissions including land-use change was 5.95 tonnes per person in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2024)
5.95 tonnes per person
Change on year
down 2.7%
World rank
50th
of 194 countries
All-time high
29.59 tonnes per person
in 1850
All-time low
2.15 tonnes per person
in 1943
Years of data
169
1850–2024
Per capita CO₂ emissions including land-use change in Estonia, 1850–2024
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025); Population based on various sources (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes per person.
Analysis
In 2024, per capita co₂ emissions including land-use change in Estonia stood at 5.95 tonnes per person.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 2.7% on the previous year and down 57.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, per capita co₂ emissions including land-use change in Estonia peaked at 29.59 tonnes per person in 1850 and was at its lowest, 2.15 tonnes per person, in 1943.
Estonia ranks 50th of 194 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Per capita CO₂ emissions including land-use change in Estonia, year by year
| Year | tonnes per person | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 29.59 tonnes per person | — |
| 1855 | 27.94 tonnes per person | -5.6% |
| 1858 | 27.3 tonnes per person | -2.3% |
| 1859 | 27.32 tonnes per person | +0.1% |
| 1860 | 21.9 tonnes per person | -19.8% |
| 1861 | 19.83 tonnes per person | -9.5% |
| 1862 | 18.84 tonnes per person | -5.0% |
| 1863 | 17.9 tonnes per person | -4.9% |
| 1864 | 16.75 tonnes per person | -6.4% |
| 1865 | 15.85 tonnes per person | -5.4% |
| 1866 | 15.15 tonnes per person | -4.4% |
| 1867 | 14.68 tonnes per person | -3.1% |
| 1868 | 13.76 tonnes per person | -6.3% |
| 1869 | 13.24 tonnes per person | -3.8% |
| 1870 | 12.82 tonnes per person | -3.1% |
| 1871 | 12.05 tonnes per person | -6.0% |
| 1872 | 11.4 tonnes per person | -5.4% |
| 1873 | 10.87 tonnes per person | -4.7% |
| 1874 | 10.56 tonnes per person | -2.8% |
| 1875 | 10.09 tonnes per person | -4.5% |
| 1876 | 9.77 tonnes per person | -3.2% |
| 1877 | 9.44 tonnes per person | -3.4% |
| 1878 | 9.23 tonnes per person | -2.2% |
| 1879 | 9.05 tonnes per person | -2.0% |
| 1880 | 8.53 tonnes per person | -5.7% |
| 1881 | 8.07 tonnes per person | -5.5% |
| 1882 | 7.94 tonnes per person | -1.5% |
| 1883 | 7.8 tonnes per person | -1.8% |
| 1884 | 7.45 tonnes per person | -4.5% |
| 1885 | 7.15 tonnes per person | -4.0% |
| 1886 | 6.96 tonnes per person | -2.7% |
| 1887 | 6.75 tonnes per person | -3.0% |
| 1888 | 6.48 tonnes per person | -4.0% |
| 1889 | 6.27 tonnes per person | -3.2% |
| 1890 | 6.21 tonnes per person | -0.9% |
| 1891 | 5.93 tonnes per person | -4.5% |
| 1892 | 5.61 tonnes per person | -5.5% |
| 1893 | 5.39 tonnes per person | -4.0% |
| 1894 | 5.22 tonnes per person | -3.1% |
| 1895 | 5.18 tonnes per person | -0.8% |
| 1896 | 5.02 tonnes per person | -3.0% |
| 1897 | 4.94 tonnes per person | -1.5% |
| 1898 | 5.03 tonnes per person | +1.8% |
| 1899 | 4.93 tonnes per person | -2.0% |
| 1900 | 4.8 tonnes per person | -2.7% |
| 1901 | 4.82 tonnes per person | +0.4% |
| 1902 | 4.52 tonnes per person | -6.2% |
| 1903 | 4.45 tonnes per person | -1.5% |
| 1904 | 4.34 tonnes per person | -2.4% |
| 1905 | 4.21 tonnes per person | -3.2% |
| 1906 | 4.13 tonnes per person | -1.9% |
| 1907 | 4.14 tonnes per person | +0.3% |
| 1908 | 4 tonnes per person | -3.2% |
| 1909 | 3.98 tonnes per person | -0.5% |
| 1910 | 3.72 tonnes per person | -6.5% |
| 1911 | 3.63 tonnes per person | -2.6% |
| 1912 | 3.66 tonnes per person | +0.9% |
| 1913 | 3.76 tonnes per person | +2.7% |
| 1914 | 3.47 tonnes per person | -7.8% |
| 1915 | 3.33 tonnes per person | -4.0% |
| 1916 | 3.26 tonnes per person | -2.1% |
| 1917 | 3.14 tonnes per person | -3.7% |
| 1918 | 2.51 tonnes per person | -19.9% |
| 1919 | 2.32 tonnes per person | -7.6% |
| 1920 | 2.28 tonnes per person | -1.6% |
| 1921 | 2.21 tonnes per person | -3.0% |
| 1922 | 2.23 tonnes per person | +0.6% |
| 1923 | 2.21 tonnes per person | -0.9% |
| 1924 | 2.28 tonnes per person | +3.2% |
| 1925 | 2.21 tonnes per person | -2.9% |
| 1926 | 2.35 tonnes per person | +6.4% |
| 1927 | 2.39 tonnes per person | +1.5% |
| 1928 | 2.48 tonnes per person | +4.0% |
| 1929 | 2.55 tonnes per person | +2.8% |
| 1930 | 2.81 tonnes per person | +10.2% |
| 1931 | 3.08 tonnes per person | +9.3% |
| 1932 | 3.2 tonnes per person | +4.1% |
| 1933 | 3.31 tonnes per person | +3.3% |
| 1934 | 3.7 tonnes per person | +11.7% |
| 1935 | 3.9 tonnes per person | +5.4% |
| 1936 | 4.35 tonnes per person | +11.4% |
| 1937 | 4.27 tonnes per person | -1.8% |
| 1938 | 4.49 tonnes per person | +5.1% |
| 1939 | 4.44 tonnes per person | -1.1% |
| 1940 | 4.91 tonnes per person | +10.7% |
| 1941 | 4.22 tonnes per person | -14.0% |
| 1942 | 2.29 tonnes per person | -45.8% |
| 1943 | 2.15 tonnes per person | -6.0% |
| 1944 | 3 tonnes per person | +39.4% |
| 1945 | 3.07 tonnes per person | +2.4% |
| 1946 | 3.3 tonnes per person | +7.5% |
| 1947 | 3.94 tonnes per person | +19.3% |
| 1948 | 4.04 tonnes per person | +2.4% |
| 1949 | 4.62 tonnes per person | +14.6% |
| 1950 | 5.23 tonnes per person | +13.1% |
| 1951 | 5.81 tonnes per person | +11.1% |
| 1952 | 6.08 tonnes per person | +4.6% |
| 1953 | 6.08 tonnes per person | +0.0% |
| 1954 | 6.35 tonnes per person | +4.4% |
| 1955 | 7.11 tonnes per person | +12.0% |
| 1956 | 7.32 tonnes per person | +2.9% |
| 1957 | 7.46 tonnes per person | +1.9% |
| 1958 | 7.03 tonnes per person | -5.6% |
| 1959 | 4.3 tonnes per person | -38.9% |
| 1960 | 5.05 tonnes per person | +17.4% |
| 1961 | 5.85 tonnes per person | +15.9% |
| 1962 | 6.37 tonnes per person | +8.9% |
| 1963 | 7.47 tonnes per person | +17.3% |
| 1964 | 8.48 tonnes per person | +13.6% |
| 1965 | 9.34 tonnes per person | +10.1% |
| 1966 | 10.28 tonnes per person | +10.1% |
| 1967 | 11.17 tonnes per person | +8.6% |
| 1968 | 11.83 tonnes per person | +5.9% |
| 1969 | 12.52 tonnes per person | +5.8% |
| 1970 | 13.49 tonnes per person | +7.8% |
| 1971 | 14.63 tonnes per person | +8.4% |
| 1972 | 15.62 tonnes per person | +6.8% |
| 1973 | 16.69 tonnes per person | +6.8% |
| 1974 | 17.32 tonnes per person | +3.8% |
| 1975 | 18.44 tonnes per person | +6.5% |
| 1976 | 19.29 tonnes per person | +4.6% |
| 1977 | 19.96 tonnes per person | +3.5% |
| 1978 | 20.59 tonnes per person | +3.1% |
| 1979 | 20.89 tonnes per person | +1.5% |
| 1980 | 21.85 tonnes per person | +4.6% |
| 1981 | 21.37 tonnes per person | -2.2% |
| 1982 | 21.83 tonnes per person | +2.2% |
| 1983 | 22.05 tonnes per person | +1.0% |
| 1984 | 22.26 tonnes per person | +0.9% |
| 1985 | 24.09 tonnes per person | +8.2% |
| 1986 | 24.02 tonnes per person | -0.3% |
| 1987 | 23.21 tonnes per person | -3.4% |
| 1988 | 23.13 tonnes per person | -0.3% |
| 1989 | 23.67 tonnes per person | +2.3% |
| 1990 | 22.41 tonnes per person | -5.3% |
| 1991 | 20.88 tonnes per person | -6.9% |
| 1992 | 14.4 tonnes per person | -31.0% |
| 1993 | 9.33 tonnes per person | -35.2% |
| 1994 | 8.96 tonnes per person | -3.9% |
| 1995 | 8.69 tonnes per person | -3.0% |
| 1996 | 9.83 tonnes per person | +13.1% |
| 1997 | 10.86 tonnes per person | +10.5% |
| 1998 | 8.88 tonnes per person | -18.3% |
| 1999 | 9.26 tonnes per person | +4.3% |
| 2000 | 6.03 tonnes per person | -34.9% |
| 2001 | 4.77 tonnes per person | -20.8% |
| 2002 | 9 tonnes per person | +88.6% |
| 2003 | 7.26 tonnes per person | -19.4% |
| 2004 | 12.95 tonnes per person | +78.4% |
| 2005 | 10.29 tonnes per person | -20.6% |
| 2006 | 9.95 tonnes per person | -3.3% |
| 2007 | 11.72 tonnes per person | +17.8% |
| 2008 | 11.19 tonnes per person | -4.5% |
| 2009 | 9.65 tonnes per person | -13.8% |
| 2010 | 12.16 tonnes per person | +26.1% |
| 2011 | 12.27 tonnes per person | +0.8% |
| 2012 | 11.87 tonnes per person | -3.2% |
| 2013 | 13.57 tonnes per person | +14.3% |
| 2014 | 13.84 tonnes per person | +1.9% |
| 2015 | 11.71 tonnes per person | -15.4% |
| 2016 | 12.01 tonnes per person | +2.6% |
| 2017 | 13.09 tonnes per person | +9.0% |
| 2018 | 12.63 tonnes per person | -3.5% |
| 2019 | 8.24 tonnes per person | -34.8% |
| 2020 | 6.18 tonnes per person | -25.1% |
| 2021 | 7.09 tonnes per person | +14.8% |
| 2022 | 8.41 tonnes per person | +18.6% |
| 2023 | 6.12 tonnes per person | -27.3% |
| 2024 | 5.95 tonnes per person | -2.7% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 5.95 tonnes per person is below the median for high income countries, which is 6.19 tonnes per person, 96% of the median. (62 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 5.95 tonnes per person is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 4.58 tonnes per person, 1.3× the median. (50 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Per capita CO₂ emissions including land-use change in Estonia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | +88.6% | 4.77 tonnes per person | 9 tonnes per person |
| 2004 | +78.4% | 7.26 tonnes per person | 12.95 tonnes per person |
| 1942 | -45.8% | 4.22 tonnes per person | 2.29 tonnes per person |
| 1944 | +39.4% | 2.15 tonnes per person | 3 tonnes per person |
| 1959 | -38.9% | 7.03 tonnes per person | 4.3 tonnes per person |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1850s | 28.04 tonnes per person | 27.3 tonnes per person | 29.59 tonnes per person | 4 |
| 1860s | 16.79 tonnes per person | 13.24 tonnes per person | 21.9 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1870s | 10.53 tonnes per person | 9.05 tonnes per person | 12.82 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1880s | 7.34 tonnes per person | 6.27 tonnes per person | 8.53 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1890s | 5.35 tonnes per person | 4.93 tonnes per person | 6.21 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1900s | 4.34 tonnes per person | 3.98 tonnes per person | 4.82 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1910s | 3.28 tonnes per person | 2.32 tonnes per person | 3.76 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1920s | 2.32 tonnes per person | 2.21 tonnes per person | 2.55 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1930s | 3.75 tonnes per person | 2.81 tonnes per person | 4.49 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1940s | 3.56 tonnes per person | 2.15 tonnes per person | 4.91 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1950s | 6.28 tonnes per person | 4.3 tonnes per person | 7.46 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1960s | 8.83 tonnes per person | 5.05 tonnes per person | 12.52 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1970s | 17.69 tonnes per person | 13.49 tonnes per person | 20.89 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1980s | 22.75 tonnes per person | 21.37 tonnes per person | 24.09 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 1990s | 12.35 tonnes per person | 8.69 tonnes per person | 22.41 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 2000s | 9.28 tonnes per person | 4.77 tonnes per person | 12.95 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 2010s | 12.14 tonnes per person | 8.24 tonnes per person | 13.84 tonnes per person | 10 |
| 2020s | 6.75 tonnes per person | 5.95 tonnes per person | 8.41 tonnes per person | 5 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
- 47 Ireland 6.27 tonnes per person compare
- 48 Austria 6.11 tonnes per person compare
- 49 Democratic Republic of Congo 5.99 tonnes per person compare
- 51 Bosnia and Herzegovina 5.94 tonnes per person compare
- 52 Cook Islands 5.82 tonnes per person compare
- 53 Belarus 5.77 tonnes per person compare
More climate change data for Estonia
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 22.20 million kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 871.8 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 170.85 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 700.96 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 0.6447 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 25.03 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 178.32 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 175.54 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 2.79 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 0.6624 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is per capita co₂ emissions including land-use change in Estonia?
- Per capita co₂ emissions including land-use change in Estonia was 5.95 tonnes per person in 2024, according to Global Carbon Budget (2025); Population based on various sources (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest per capita co₂ emissions including land-use change recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 29.59 tonnes per person in 1850.
- What is the lowest per capita co₂ emissions including land-use change recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 2.15 tonnes per person in 1943.
- How does Estonia rank for per capita co₂ emissions including land-use change?
- Estonia ranks 50th out of 194 countries with data for 2024.
- Is per capita co₂ emissions including land-use change rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 57.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from Global Carbon Budget (2025); Population based on various sources (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Per capita CO₂ emissions including land-use change. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 169 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), including land-use change, measured in tonnes per person.