Per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Estonia
Estonia: Per capita greenhouse gas emissions was 8.91 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2024)
8.91 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person
Change on year
down 6.2%
World rank
43rd
of 199 countries
All-time high
28.78 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person
in 1985
All-time low
3.73 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person
in 1921
Years of data
175
1850–2024
Per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Estonia, 1850–2024
Source: Jones et al. (2025); Population based on various sources (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person.
Analysis
In 2024, per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Estonia stood at 8.91 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person.
That represents a change of down 6.2% on the previous year and down 50.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Estonia peaked at 28.78 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person in 1985 and was at its lowest, 3.73 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person, in 1921.
Estonia ranks 43rd of 199 countries on this measure, in the top quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Estonia, year by year
| Year | tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 20.73 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | — |
| 1851 | 20.23 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.4% |
| 1852 | 19.75 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.4% |
| 1853 | 19.49 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.4% |
| 1854 | 19.79 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.5% |
| 1855 | 19.38 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.0% |
| 1856 | 19.16 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.1% |
| 1857 | 19.03 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.7% |
| 1858 | 18.95 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.4% |
| 1859 | 19.05 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.5% |
| 1860 | 16.19 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -15.0% |
| 1861 | 14.97 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -7.6% |
| 1862 | 14.51 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.1% |
| 1863 | 14.01 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.4% |
| 1864 | 13.24 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.5% |
| 1865 | 12.68 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.3% |
| 1866 | 12.27 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.2% |
| 1867 | 12.07 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.7% |
| 1868 | 11.38 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.7% |
| 1869 | 11.07 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.7% |
| 1870 | 10.96 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.0% |
| 1871 | 10.41 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.0% |
| 1872 | 9.95 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.3% |
| 1873 | 9.6 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.5% |
| 1874 | 9.47 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.4% |
| 1875 | 9.16 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.2% |
| 1876 | 8.99 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.9% |
| 1877 | 8.8 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.1% |
| 1878 | 8.73 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.9% |
| 1879 | 8.65 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.9% |
| 1880 | 8.31 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.0% |
| 1881 | 7.96 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.2% |
| 1882 | 7.94 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.3% |
| 1883 | 7.89 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.6% |
| 1884 | 7.62 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.4% |
| 1885 | 7.4 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.9% |
| 1886 | 7.28 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.6% |
| 1887 | 7.14 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.0% |
| 1888 | 6.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.0% |
| 1889 | 6.77 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.2% |
| 1890 | 6.82 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.8% |
| 1891 | 6.62 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.9% |
| 1892 | 6.36 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.0% |
| 1893 | 6.2 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.6% |
| 1894 | 6.08 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.8% |
| 1895 | 6.08 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.0% |
| 1896 | 5.97 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.9% |
| 1897 | 5.93 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.6% |
| 1898 | 6.05 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.1% |
| 1899 | 5.99 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.1% |
| 1900 | 5.87 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.1% |
| 1901 | 5.9 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.5% |
| 1902 | 5.66 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.1% |
| 1903 | 5.58 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.4% |
| 1904 | 5.51 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.3% |
| 1905 | 5.37 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.5% |
| 1906 | 5.31 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.2% |
| 1907 | 5.35 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.8% |
| 1908 | 5.22 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.4% |
| 1909 | 5.21 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.1% |
| 1910 | 4.98 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.5% |
| 1911 | 4.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.2% |
| 1912 | 4.99 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.6% |
| 1913 | 5.1 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.1% |
| 1914 | 4.82 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.4% |
| 1915 | 4.74 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.6% |
| 1916 | 4.68 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.3% |
| 1917 | 4.59 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.0% |
| 1918 | 3.95 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -13.9% |
| 1919 | 3.78 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.2% |
| 1920 | 3.75 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.0% |
| 1921 | 3.73 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.5% |
| 1922 | 3.8 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.9% |
| 1923 | 3.81 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.4% |
| 1924 | 3.9 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.2% |
| 1925 | 3.85 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.2% |
| 1926 | 4.04 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.8% |
| 1927 | 4.11 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.8% |
| 1928 | 4.24 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.1% |
| 1929 | 4.32 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.0% |
| 1930 | 4.58 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +6.1% |
| 1931 | 4.93 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +7.6% |
| 1932 | 5.08 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.9% |
| 1933 | 5.24 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.2% |
| 1934 | 5.63 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +7.6% |
| 1935 | 5.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +5.1% |
| 1936 | 6.4 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +8.1% |
| 1937 | 6.36 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.7% |
| 1938 | 6.59 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.7% |
| 1939 | 6.6 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.0% |
| 1940 | 7.28 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +10.3% |
| 1941 | 6.67 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -8.3% |
| 1942 | 4.79 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -28.2% |
| 1943 | 4.72 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.4% |
| 1944 | 5.66 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +20.0% |
| 1945 | 5.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.5% |
| 1946 | 6.29 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +6.3% |
| 1947 | 7.11 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +13.0% |
| 1948 | 7.31 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.9% |
| 1949 | 8.02 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +9.6% |
| 1950 | 8.77 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +9.4% |
| 1951 | 9.3 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +6.0% |
| 1952 | 9.76 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.9% |
| 1953 | 9.9 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.4% |
| 1954 | 10.41 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +5.2% |
| 1955 | 11.38 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +9.3% |
| 1956 | 11.94 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.9% |
| 1957 | 12.4 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.9% |
| 1958 | 12.56 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.2% |
| 1959 | 11.48 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -8.6% |
| 1960 | 11.93 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.9% |
| 1961 | 12.36 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.6% |
| 1962 | 12.98 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.9% |
| 1963 | 13.96 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +7.6% |
| 1964 | 14.71 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +5.4% |
| 1965 | 15.56 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +5.7% |
| 1966 | 16.48 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +5.9% |
| 1967 | 17.23 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.6% |
| 1968 | 17.73 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.9% |
| 1969 | 18.35 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.5% |
| 1970 | 19.14 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.3% |
| 1971 | 20.18 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +5.4% |
| 1972 | 21.07 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.4% |
| 1973 | 22.02 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.5% |
| 1974 | 22.61 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.7% |
| 1975 | 23.61 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.4% |
| 1976 | 24.48 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.7% |
| 1977 | 25.07 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.4% |
| 1978 | 25.68 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.4% |
| 1979 | 25.85 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.6% |
| 1980 | 26.77 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.6% |
| 1981 | 26.18 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.2% |
| 1982 | 26.57 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.5% |
| 1983 | 26.78 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.8% |
| 1984 | 26.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.5% |
| 1985 | 28.78 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +6.9% |
| 1986 | 28.61 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.6% |
| 1987 | 27.81 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.8% |
| 1988 | 27.57 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.9% |
| 1989 | 27.99 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.5% |
| 1990 | 26.64 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.8% |
| 1991 | 24.93 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -6.4% |
| 1992 | 18.52 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -25.7% |
| 1993 | 14.19 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -23.4% |
| 1994 | 14.06 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.9% |
| 1995 | 13.41 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.6% |
| 1996 | 14.42 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +7.6% |
| 1997 | 14.88 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.2% |
| 1998 | 13.36 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -10.2% |
| 1999 | 13.4 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.3% |
| 2000 | 11.04 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -17.6% |
| 2001 | 10.83 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.9% |
| 2002 | 12.27 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +13.3% |
| 2003 | 12.66 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.2% |
| 2004 | 16.27 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +28.5% |
| 2005 | 14.39 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -11.6% |
| 2006 | 14.1 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.0% |
| 2007 | 16.38 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +16.2% |
| 2008 | 15.48 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.5% |
| 2009 | 13.8 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -10.9% |
| 2010 | 16.91 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +22.6% |
| 2011 | 16.87 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.2% |
| 2012 | 16.54 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.0% |
| 2013 | 18.07 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +9.3% |
| 2014 | 18.12 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.2% |
| 2015 | 16.08 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -11.3% |
| 2016 | 16.65 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.6% |
| 2017 | 17.81 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +7.0% |
| 2018 | 17.41 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.3% |
| 2019 | 12.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -25.8% |
| 2020 | 9.88 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -23.5% |
| 2021 | 10.81 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +9.4% |
| 2022 | 11.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +10.3% |
| 2023 | 9.49 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -20.4% |
| 2024 | 8.91 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -6.2% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 8.91 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person is above the median for high income countries, which is 7.8 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person, 1.1× the median. (67 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 8.91 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person is above the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 6.18 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person, 1.4× the median. (50 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1850s | 19.56 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 18.95 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 20.73 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1860s | 13.24 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 11.07 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 16.19 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1870s | 9.47 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 8.65 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10.96 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1880s | 7.52 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 6.77 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 8.31 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1890s | 6.21 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 5.93 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 6.82 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1900s | 5.5 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 5.21 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 5.9 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1910s | 4.65 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 3.78 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 5.1 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1920s | 3.95 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 3.73 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 4.32 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1930s | 5.73 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 4.58 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 6.6 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1940s | 6.38 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 4.72 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 8.02 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1950s | 10.79 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 8.77 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 12.56 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1960s | 15.13 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 11.93 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 18.35 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1970s | 22.97 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 19.14 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 25.85 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1980s | 27.4 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 26.18 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 28.78 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1990s | 16.78 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 13.36 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 26.64 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 2000s | 13.72 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10.83 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 16.38 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 2010s | 16.74 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 12.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 18.12 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 2020s | 10.2 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 8.91 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 11.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 5 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
- 40 Bhutan 9.33 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person compare
- 41 Belgium 9.2 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person compare
- 42 Argentina 9.13 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person compare
- 44 Suriname 8.89 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person compare
- 45 Aruba 8.81 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person compare
- 46 Iraq 8.65 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person compare
More climate change data for Estonia
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 22.20 million kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 871.8 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 170.85 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 700.96 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 0.6447 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 25.03 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 178.32 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 175.54 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 2.79 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 0.6624 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Estonia?
- Per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Estonia was 8.91 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person in 2024, according to Jones et al. (2025); Population based on various sources (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest per capita greenhouse gas emissions recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 28.78 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person in 1985.
- What is the lowest per capita greenhouse gas emissions recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 3.73 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person in 1921.
- How does Estonia rank for per capita greenhouse gas emissions?
- Estonia ranks 43rd out of 199 countries with data for 2024.
- Is per capita greenhouse gas emissions rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 50.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from Jones et al. (2025); Population based on various sources (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Per capita greenhouse gas emissions. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 175 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Greenhouse gas emissions are measured in tonnes per person of carbon dioxide-equivalents over a 100-year timescale.