Population, total, per square kilometre by country
Population, total divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
What the numbers show
Population, total, per square kilometre is currently reported for 216 countries. The highest value is 20,570 units per square kilometre in Macau, China; the lowest is 0.1385 units per square kilometre in Greenland.
The median across all reporting countries is 96.02 units per square kilometre, and the mean is 455.32 units per square kilometre.
Over the past decade 183 countries rose and 33 fell. The largest increase was in Jordan (up 43.1%), and the largest decrease in Saint Martin (French Part) (down 26.5%).
Population, total, per square kilometre: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Macau, China | 20,570 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 2 | Monaco | 18,693 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.9% | rising |
| 3 | Singapore | 8,242 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 4 | Hong Kong, China | 7,177 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 5 | Gibraltar | 3,847 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.7% | rising |
| 6 | Bahrain | 1,971 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.1% | volatile |
| 7 | Maldives | 1,765 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 32.4% | rising |
| 8 | Malta | 1,727 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.1% | rising |
| 9 | Bangladesh | 1,319 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 10 | Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 1,257 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 19.2% | rising |
| 11 | Bermuda | 1,198 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 12 | Palestine, State of | 857.39 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.6% | rising |
| 13 | Channel Islands | 842.13 units per square kilometre | 2021 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 14 | Barbados | 656.6 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 15 | Mauritius | 625.26 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.8% | rising |
| 16 | Aruba | 596.44 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 17 | Naoero | 593.75 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.9% | rising |
| 18 | Rwanda | 565.65 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.8% | rising |
| 19 | Lebanon | 564.37 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.5% | rising |
| 20 | San Marino | 564.33 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 21 | Saint Martin (French Part) | 550.3 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 26.5% | falling |
| 22 | Burundi | 533.08 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.1% | rising |
| 23 | Netherlands | 530.95 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 24 | Korea | 529.84 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 25 | India | 483.68 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 26 | Comoros | 456.95 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.1% | rising |
| 27 | Israel | 455.13 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.2% | rising |
| 28 | Haiti | 422.26 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.8% | rising |
| 29 | Belgium | 386.3 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 30 | Philippines | 385.32 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.6% | rising |
| 31 | Puerto Rico | 361.19 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.8% | rising |
| 32 | Sri Lanka | 356.24 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.5% | rising |
| 33 | Curaçao | 348.32 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.5% | flat |
| 34 | Grenada | 344.36 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 35 | Japan | 341.55 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.3% | rising |
| 36 | Tuvalu | 327.2 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.8% | rising |
| 37 | Pakistan | 321.07 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.3% | rising |
| 38 | Viet Nam | 320.18 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.6% | rising |
| 39 | Guam | 308.34 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.3% | rising |
| 40 | El Salvador | 304.52 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.8% | rising |
| 41 | Cayman Islands | 304.32 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 24.5% | volatile |
| 42 | United States Virgin Islands | 299.76 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.9% | rising |
| 43 | Saint Lucia | 293.91 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 44 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 283.25 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.8% | rising |
| 45 | Kuwait | 272.36 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 38.4% | volatile |
| 46 | Gambia | 266.58 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.2% | volatile |
| 47 | Trinidad and Tobago | 266.57 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 48 | Jamaica | 262.21 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 49 | Seychelles | 260.38 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.2% | rising |
| 50 | British Virgin Islands | 259.9 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.0% | rising |
| 51 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 259.8 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.3% | rising |
| 52 | Luxembourg | 258.86 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.6% | rising |
| 53 | Nigeria | 250.21 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.9% | rising |
| 54 | Liechtenstein | 249.04 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.7% | rising |
| 55 | Uganda | 242.65 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 37.7% | volatile |
| 56 | Sao Tome and Principe | 240.49 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 19.5% | rising |
| 57 | Germany | 238.35 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 58 | American Samoa | 237.6 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.0% | rising |
| 59 | Dominican Republic | 235.1 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.4% | rising |
| 60 | Qatar | 231.16 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 40.0% | volatile |
| 61 | Switzerland | 224.98 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 62 | Malawi | 223.85 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.6% | rising |
| 63 | Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | 219.4 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 64 | Marshall Islands | 215.71 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.4% | falling |
| 65 | Antigua and Barbuda | 212.08 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.0% | rising |
| 66 | Nepal | 207.15 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.6% | rising |
| 67 | Italy | 199.46 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.2% | rising |
| 68 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 179.84 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.7% | rising |
| 69 | Andorra | 172.03 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.5% | rising |
| 70 | Guatemala | 169.14 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.8% | rising |
| 71 | Kiribati | 163.62 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.4% | rising |
| 72 | Micronesia, Federated States of | 160.9 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.2% | flat |
| 73 | Togo | 151.2 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.0% | rising |
| 74 | China | 150.26 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 75 | Denmark | 148.67 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 76 | Indonesia | 148.58 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 77 | Ghana | 148.5 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.4% | rising |
| 78 | Isle of Man | 147.66 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.0% | rising |
| 79 | United Arab Emirates | 147.62 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 36.3% | volatile |
| 80 | Cyprus | 145.56 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.6% | rising |
| 81 | Tonga | 145.27 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.3% | rising |
| 82 | Czechia | 140.78 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.4% | flat |
| 83 | Thailand | 140.35 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 84 | Cape Verde | 129.61 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 85 | Jordan | 128.83 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 43.1% | volatile |
| 86 | Syrian Arab Republic | 128.49 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.9% | rising |
| 87 | France | 126.86 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.6% | rising |
| 88 | Benin | 125.14 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.8% | volatile |
| 89 | Azerbaijan | 122.86 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 90 | Poland | 119.79 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.6% | rising |
| 91 | Sierra Leone | 117.21 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.0% | rising |
| 92 | Portugal | 115.47 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 93 | Egypt | 115.06 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.1% | rising |
| 94 | Ethiopia | 114.04 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.7% | rising |
| 95 | Slovakia | 112.87 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 96 | Türkiye | 110.87 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.1% | rising |
| 97 | Austria | 110.66 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.7% | rising |
| 98 | Malaysia | 106.91 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.4% | rising |
| 99 | Cuba | 106.17 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.1% | rising |
| 100 | Slovenia | 105.31 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.0% | rising |
| 101 | Armenia | 105.12 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.0% | falling |
| 102 | Hungary | 105.11 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.6% | falling |
| 103 | Iraq | 103.83 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.8% | volatile |
| 104 | Costa Rica | 99.99 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 105 | Cambodia | 98.71 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 106 | Northern Mariana Islands | 98.14 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.4% | falling |
| 107 | Côte d'Ivoire | 98.01 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.2% | volatile |
| 108 | Spain | 96.76 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.9% | rising |
| 109 | Kenya | 95.27 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.5% | volatile |
| 110 | Honduras | 95.14 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 19.7% | rising |
| 111 | Senegal | 93.89 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.8% | rising |
| 112 | Timor-Leste | 93.09 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 19.5% | rising |
| 113 | Dominica | 88.68 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.6% | flat |
| 114 | Albania | 88.02 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.4% | rising |
| 115 | Brunei Darussalam | 87.09 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.6% | rising |
| 116 | Morocco | 84.5 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.6% | rising |
| 117 | Burkina Faso | 84.16 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.1% | rising |
| 118 | Myanmar | 82.94 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 119 | Romania | 82.85 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.6% | flat |
| 120 | French Polynesia | 80.99 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 121 | Uzbekistan | 80.91 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.6% | rising |
| 122 | Greece | 80.74 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.1% | rising |
| 123 | Serbia | 78.76 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.9% | falling |
| 124 | Tunisia | 78.53 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 125 | Samoa | 77.94 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.2% | rising |
| 126 | Ireland | 77.1 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 127 | Guinea-Bissau | 76.58 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.0% | rising |
| 128 | Lesotho | 76.14 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.4% | rising |
| 129 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 75.21 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 36.4% | volatile |
| 130 | Tajikistan | 74.86 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.5% | rising |
| 131 | Republic of Moldova | 74.64 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 14.2% | falling |
| 132 | Yemen | 74.61 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 34.4% | volatile |
| 133 | North Macedonia | 72.47 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 4.9% | falling |
| 134 | Ecuador | 72.4 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.7% | rising |
| 135 | Eswatini | 71.54 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.9% | rising |
| 136 | Croatia | 68.97 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.8% | falling |
| 137 | Mexico | 66.74 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 138 | Equatorial Guinea | 65.87 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 37.2% | volatile |
| 139 | Ukraine | 65.12 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.2% | falling |
| 140 | Afghanistan | 63.56 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.1% | volatile |
| 141 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 62.21 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 11.8% | falling |
| 142 | Panama | 60.11 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.8% | rising |
| 143 | Cameroon | 60.02 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 32.6% | rising |
| 144 | Bulgaria | 59.38 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.0% | falling |
| 145 | Guinea | 58.63 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.7% | rising |
| 146 | Liberia | 57.03 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.9% | rising |
| 147 | Nicaragua | 56.7 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.0% | rising |
| 148 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 55.85 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.1% | rising |
| 149 | Madagascar | 53.62 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.4% | volatile |
| 150 | Georgia | 53.47 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.1% | falling |
| 151 | South Africa | 52.11 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.6% | rising |
| 152 | Fiji | 50.58 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 153 | Djibouti | 49.74 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.1% | volatile |
| 154 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 48.63 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 37.3% | volatile |
| 155 | Colombia | 47.16 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 156 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 46.66 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.6% | volatile |
| 157 | Montenegro | 46.36 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.2% | flat |
| 158 | Lithuania | 45.87 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.9% | falling |
| 159 | Belarus | 45.22 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.8% | falling |
| 160 | Mozambique | 42.77 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 34.3% | rising |
| 161 | Zimbabwe | 42.24 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.6% | rising |
| 162 | Bahamas | 39.9 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 163 | Faroe Islands | 39.71 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.9% | rising |
| 164 | Palau | 38.54 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.4% | flat |
| 165 | Kyrgyzstan | 37.02 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.9% | rising |
| 166 | United States of America | 36.81 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.3% | rising |
| 167 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 33.21 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.9% | rising |
| 168 | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 32.09 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.4% | rising |
| 169 | Estonia | 32.07 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.8% | falling |
| 170 | Latvia | 30.27 units per square kilometre | 2023 | down 6.4% | falling |
| 171 | Angola | 29.48 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 40.5% | volatile |
| 172 | Somalia | 29.26 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 42.7% | volatile |
| 173 | Eritrea | 28.64 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.8% | rising |
| 174 | Solomon Islands | 28.58 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 34.5% | rising |
| 175 | Zambia | 27.88 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 34.6% | volatile |
| 176 | Sudan | 26.79 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 32.4% | rising |
| 177 | Chile | 26.46 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.3% | rising |
| 178 | Peru | 26.44 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.5% | rising |
| 179 | Vanuatu | 26.28 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.9% | rising |
| 180 | Sweden | 25.87 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.8% | rising |
| 181 | Brazil | 25.26 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 182 | Papua New Guinea | 22.94 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 25.1% | volatile |
| 183 | Niger | 20.65 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 41.3% | volatile |
| 184 | Bhutan | 20.62 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.4% | rising |
| 185 | New Zealand | 19.75 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.1% | rising |
| 186 | Mali | 19.48 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 36.1% | rising |
| 187 | Algeria | 19.38 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.2% | rising |
| 188 | Uruguay | 19.36 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 189 | Finland | 18.37 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.6% | rising |
| 190 | South Sudan | 18.17 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.8% | flat |
| 191 | Congo | 18.11 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.3% | volatile |
| 192 | Belize | 18.02 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.3% | rising |
| 193 | Paraguay | 17.28 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.8% | rising |
| 194 | Argentina | 16.64 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.9% | rising |
| 195 | Oman | 16.31 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.7% | volatile |
| 196 | New Caledonia | 15.86 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 197 | Saudi Arabia | 15.68 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.0% | volatile |
| 198 | Turkmenistan | 15.67 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 24.0% | rising |
| 199 | Chad | 15.34 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 41.1% | volatile |
| 200 | Norway | 15.15 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 8.9% | rising |
| 201 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 11.3 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.6% | rising |
| 202 | Gabon | 9.64 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.9% | rising |
| 203 | Russian Federation | 8.78 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.0% | flat |
| 204 | Central African Republic | 8.27 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 205 | Kazakhstan | 7.53 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.8% | rising |
| 206 | Mauritania | 4.87 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 34.5% | volatile |
| 207 | Canada | 4.56 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.5% | rising |
| 208 | Botswana | 4.38 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.9% | rising |
| 209 | Libya | 4.15 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.9% | rising |
| 210 | Suriname | 3.92 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.5% | rising |
| 211 | Guyana | 3.91 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 212 | Iceland | 3.82 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.4% | rising |
| 213 | Namibia | 3.6 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.5% | rising |
| 214 | Australia | 3.47 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.1% | rising |
| 215 | Mongolia | 2.23 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.0% | rising |
| 216 | Greenland | 0.1385 units per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.7% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Chagai 842.13 units per square kilometre
- South Asia 496.76 units per square kilometre
- South Asia (IDA & IBRD) 496.76 units per square kilometre
- Lower middle income 151.99 units per square kilometre
- IDA blend 135.18 units per square kilometre
- East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) 133.58 units per square kilometre
- East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) 132.93 units per square kilometre
- Euro area 125.59 units per square kilometre
- European Union 112.55 units per square kilometre
- Early-demographic dividend 105.36 units per square kilometre
- East Asia & Pacific 97.52 units per square kilometre
- Middle income 93.64 units per square kilometre
- Central Europe and the Baltics 90.66 units per square kilometre
- Low & middle income 85.33 units per square kilometre
- IDA total 75.26 units per square kilometre
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (excluding high income) 72.49 units per square kilometre
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan (IDA & IBRD) 72.02 units per square kilometre
- IDA & IBRD total 71.36 units per square kilometre
- IBRD only 69.96 units per square kilometre
- Upper middle income 68.84 units per square kilometre
- Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 63.12 units per square kilometre
- World 62.14 units per square kilometre
- IDA only 60.82 units per square kilometre
- Least developed countries 56.96 units per square kilometre
- Africa Western and Central 56.19 units per square kilometre
- Pre-demographic dividend 53.01 units per square kilometre
- Sub-Saharan Africa 52.66 units per square kilometre
- Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) 52.66 units per square kilometre
- Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) 52.66 units per square kilometre
- Late-demographic dividend 52.23 units per square kilometre
- Africa Eastern and Southern 50.51 units per square kilometre
- Low income 49.5 units per square kilometre
- Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 47.21 units per square kilometre
- Other small states 46.64 units per square kilometre
- Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) 42.1 units per square kilometre
- Pacific island small states 41.92 units per square kilometre
- OECD members 39.29 units per square kilometre
- Arab World 36.8 units per square kilometre
- Post-demographic dividend 35.98 units per square kilometre
- Europe & Central Asia 33.71 units per square kilometre
How this figure is calculated
Population, total divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Population, total ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Population, total World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN)
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Population, total divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.