Air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - Cities in Carmen
Carmen: Air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - Cities was 2.93 Degrees celsius in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - Cities in Carmen, 1981–2025
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Degrees celsius.
Analysis
In 2025, air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - cities in Carmen stood at 2.93 Degrees celsius. That is the highest value across all 45 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 137.2% on the previous year and up 225.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - cities in Carmen peaked at 2.93 Degrees celsius in 2025 and was at its lowest, -0.9564 Degrees celsius, in 1981.
That places Carmen 245th out of 1314 regions with data for 2025, putting it in the top quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - Cities in Carmen, year by year
| Year | Degrees celsius | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1981 | -0.9564 Degrees celsius | — |
| 1982 | -0.353 Degrees celsius | -63.1% |
| 1983 | -0.3161 Degrees celsius | -10.5% |
| 1984 | -0.842 Degrees celsius | +166.3% |
| 1985 | -0.3435 Degrees celsius | -59.2% |
| 1986 | 0.0484 Degrees celsius | -114.1% |
| 1987 | -0.3421 Degrees celsius | -807.4% |
| 1988 | -0.4806 Degrees celsius | +40.5% |
| 1989 | -0.4545 Degrees celsius | -5.4% |
| 1990 | 0.0482 Degrees celsius | -110.6% |
| 1991 | 0.3215 Degrees celsius | +566.3% |
| 1992 | -0.1781 Degrees celsius | -155.4% |
| 1993 | 0.0041 Degrees celsius | -102.3% |
| 1994 | 0.7125 Degrees celsius | +17181.5% |
| 1995 | 0.5392 Degrees celsius | -24.3% |
| 1996 | -0.2279 Degrees celsius | -142.3% |
| 1997 | 0.4988 Degrees celsius | -318.8% |
| 1998 | 0.5665 Degrees celsius | +13.6% |
| 1999 | -0.2766 Degrees celsius | -148.8% |
| 2000 | -0.0632 Degrees celsius | -77.2% |
| 2001 | -0.0733 Degrees celsius | +16.0% |
| 2002 | 0.1988 Degrees celsius | -371.2% |
| 2003 | 0.5257 Degrees celsius | +164.4% |
| 2004 | 0.3087 Degrees celsius | -41.3% |
| 2005 | 0.3457 Degrees celsius | +12.0% |
| 2006 | -0.0493 Degrees celsius | -114.3% |
| 2007 | 0.2701 Degrees celsius | -647.9% |
| 2008 | 0.0879 Degrees celsius | -67.5% |
| 2009 | 0.7073 Degrees celsius | +704.4% |
| 2010 | -0.2267 Degrees celsius | -132.1% |
| 2011 | 0.3568 Degrees celsius | -257.4% |
| 2012 | 0.3571 Degrees celsius | +0.1% |
| 2013 | 0.1303 Degrees celsius | -63.5% |
| 2014 | -0.0821 Degrees celsius | -163.0% |
| 2015 | 0.9019 Degrees celsius | -1198.5% |
| 2016 | 0.7592 Degrees celsius | -15.8% |
| 2017 | 0.5837 Degrees celsius | -23.1% |
| 2018 | 0.6926 Degrees celsius | +18.7% |
| 2019 | 1.31 Degrees celsius | +89.6% |
| 2020 | 0.9409 Degrees celsius | -28.3% |
| 2021 | 0.9256 Degrees celsius | -1.6% |
| 2022 | 0.389 Degrees celsius | -58.0% |
| 2023 | 1.38 Degrees celsius | +253.8% |
| 2024 | 1.24 Degrees celsius | -10.2% |
| 2025 | 2.93 Degrees celsius | +137.2% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | -0.4489 Degrees celsius | -0.9564 Degrees celsius | 0.0484 Degrees celsius | 9 |
| 1990s | 0.2008 Degrees celsius | -0.2766 Degrees celsius | 0.7125 Degrees celsius | 10 |
| 2000s | 0.2258 Degrees celsius | -0.0733 Degrees celsius | 0.7073 Degrees celsius | 10 |
| 2010s | 0.4786 Degrees celsius | -0.2267 Degrees celsius | 1.31 Degrees celsius | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.3 Degrees celsius | 0.389 Degrees celsius | 2.93 Degrees celsius | 6 |
More climate change data for Carmen
- Air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - Cities 29.41 Degrees celsius (2025)
- Climate projections by scenario, 2030–2060 – Cities and FUAs 28.92 Degrees celsius (2060)
- Climate projections by scenario, 2030–2060 – Cities and FUAs 1.68 Degrees celsius (2060)
- Greenhouse gas emissions - Cities and FUAs — GHG emissions from 0.21 Tonnes of CO2-equivalent (2024)
- Greenhouse gas emissions - Cities and FUAs — GHG emissions from 0.05 Tonnes of CO2-equivalent (2024)
- Greenhouse gas emissions - Cities and FUAs — GHG emissions from 0.09 Tonnes of CO2-equivalent (2024)
- Greenhouse gas emissions - Cities and FUAs — GHG emissions from 0.07 Tonnes of CO2-equivalent (2024)
- Greenhouse gas emissions - Cities and FUAs — GHG emissions from power 1.13 Tonnes of CO2-equivalent (2024)
- Greenhouse gas emissions - Cities and FUAs — GHG emissions from road 0.34 Tonnes of CO2-equivalent (2024)
- Greenhouse gas emissions - Cities and FUAs — GHG emissions total 1.83 Tonnes of CO2-equivalent (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - cities in Carmen?
- Air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - cities in Carmen was 2.93 Degrees celsius in 2025, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - cities recorded in Carmen?
- The highest recorded value was 2.93 Degrees celsius in 2025.
- What is the lowest air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - cities recorded in Carmen?
- The lowest recorded value was -0.9564 Degrees celsius in 1981.
- How does Carmen rank for air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - cities?
- Carmen ranks 245th out of 1314 regions with data for 2025.
- Is air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - cities rising or falling in Carmen?
- Over the last ten years it is up 225.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Carmen data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - Cities and FUAs — Change in air temperature at 2 meters from 1981–2010 period. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 45 observations, free to reuse under OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required).
About this data
This dataset provides indicators of air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days. Data sources and methodology Indicators are estimated using ERA5-Land data. Air temperature indicators correspond to the average annual air temperature at a height of 2 meters. Hot days correspond to the number of days when the maximum temperature exceeds 35°C. Tropical nights correspond to the days when the minimum temperature is above 20°C, and icing days to the number of days when the maximum temperature is below 0°C. ERA5-Land is used as it provides harmonised, globally consistent coverage at fine spatial resolution (0.1 degree), enabling the production of comparable subnational indicators also where national meteorological data are not available at the required scale. These estimates may differ from official subnational climate statistics due to differences in methodological approaches, such as the use of reanalysis based top down modelling versus in situ observations, along with variations in input data sources, spatial resolution, and the models and algorithms used to generate temperature estimates. Defining FUAs and cities The OECD, in cooperation with the EU, has developed a harmonised definition of functional urban areas (FUAs) to capture the economic and functional reach of cities based on daily commuting patterns (OECD, 2012). FUAs consist of: A city – defined by urban centres in the degree of urbanisation, adapted to the closest local administrative units to define a city. A commuting zone – including all local areas where at least 15% of employed residents work in the city. The delineation process includes: Assigning municipalities surrounded by a single FUA to that FUA. Excluding non-contiguous municipalities. The correspondence table between SAUs and FUAs/cities is available in parquet and csv format. The definition identifies 1 272 FUAs and 1 269 cities in all OECD member countries except Costa Rica and three accession countries. Cite this dataset OECD Regions, cities and local areas database (Air temperature, hot days, tropical nights and icing days - FUAs), http://oe.cd/geostats Further information OECD Local Data Portal OECD Regions and Cities at a Glance For questions and/or comments, please email CitiesStat@oecd.org