Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change in Eswatini
Eswatini: Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change was 210,900 tonnes in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2024)
210,900 tonnes
Change on year
down 9.5%
World rank
102nd
of 197 countries
All-time high
7.60 million tonnes
in 1949
All-time low
-1.74 million tonnes
in 1980
Years of data
175
1850–2024
Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change in Eswatini, 1850–2024
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes.
Analysis
The most recent figure for annual co₂ emissions from land-use change in Eswatini is 210,900 tonnes, measured in 2024.
That represents a change of down 9.5% on the previous year and down 42.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, annual co₂ emissions from land-use change in Eswatini peaked at 7.60 million tonnes in 1949 and was at its lowest, -1.74 million tonnes, in 1980.
Eswatini ranks 102nd of 197 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change in Eswatini, year by year
| Year | tonnes | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 272,968 tonnes | — |
| 1851 | 333,351 tonnes | +22.1% |
| 1852 | 350,975 tonnes | +5.3% |
| 1853 | 357,350 tonnes | +1.8% |
| 1854 | 368,195 tonnes | +3.0% |
| 1855 | 376,256 tonnes | +2.2% |
| 1856 | 384,427 tonnes | +2.2% |
| 1857 | 389,263 tonnes | +1.3% |
| 1858 | 403,773 tonnes | +3.7% |
| 1859 | 410,148 tonnes | +1.6% |
| 1860 | 450,379 tonnes | +9.8% |
| 1861 | 461,151 tonnes | +2.4% |
| 1862 | 451,844 tonnes | -2.0% |
| 1863 | 471,117 tonnes | +4.3% |
| 1864 | 472,290 tonnes | +0.2% |
| 1865 | 469,285 tonnes | -0.6% |
| 1866 | 477,199 tonnes | +1.7% |
| 1867 | 482,182 tonnes | +1.0% |
| 1868 | 473,902 tonnes | -1.7% |
| 1869 | 473,572 tonnes | -0.1% |
| 1870 | 548,501 tonnes | +15.8% |
| 1871 | 594,521 tonnes | +8.4% |
| 1872 | 625,811 tonnes | +5.3% |
| 1873 | 620,608 tonnes | -0.8% |
| 1874 | 630,868 tonnes | +1.7% |
| 1875 | 656,222 tonnes | +4.0% |
| 1876 | 670,109 tonnes | +2.1% |
| 1877 | 664,576 tonnes | -0.8% |
| 1878 | 655,746 tonnes | -1.3% |
| 1879 | 663,331 tonnes | +1.2% |
| 1880 | 620,169 tonnes | -6.5% |
| 1881 | 591,663 tonnes | -4.6% |
| 1882 | 607,968 tonnes | +2.8% |
| 1883 | 578,216 tonnes | -4.9% |
| 1884 | 573,123 tonnes | -0.9% |
| 1885 | 585,727 tonnes | +2.2% |
| 1886 | 563,157 tonnes | -3.9% |
| 1887 | 554,620 tonnes | -1.5% |
| 1888 | 550,589 tonnes | -0.7% |
| 1889 | 590,783 tonnes | +7.3% |
| 1890 | 659,886 tonnes | +11.7% |
| 1891 | 681,541 tonnes | +3.3% |
| 1892 | 685,021 tonnes | +0.5% |
| 1893 | 689,088 tonnes | +0.6% |
| 1894 | 689,968 tonnes | +0.1% |
| 1895 | 728,220 tonnes | +5.5% |
| 1896 | 717,961 tonnes | -1.4% |
| 1897 | 723,787 tonnes | +0.8% |
| 1898 | 719,426 tonnes | -0.6% |
| 1899 | 720,049 tonnes | +0.1% |
| 1900 | 929,447 tonnes | +29.1% |
| 1901 | 1.05 million tonnes | +13.1% |
| 1902 | 1.09 million tonnes | +4.2% |
| 1903 | 1.13 million tonnes | +2.9% |
| 1904 | 1.15 million tonnes | +2.0% |
| 1905 | 1.17 million tonnes | +1.7% |
| 1906 | 1.24 million tonnes | +6.0% |
| 1907 | 1.23 million tonnes | -1.0% |
| 1908 | 1.27 million tonnes | +3.4% |
| 1909 | 1.24 million tonnes | -2.1% |
| 1910 | 1.34 million tonnes | +8.1% |
| 1911 | 1.40 million tonnes | +4.0% |
| 1912 | 1.44 million tonnes | +3.0% |
| 1913 | 1.46 million tonnes | +1.5% |
| 1914 | 1.49 million tonnes | +2.2% |
| 1915 | 1.51 million tonnes | +1.4% |
| 1916 | 1.51 million tonnes | -0.1% |
| 1917 | 1.51 million tonnes | -0.1% |
| 1918 | 1.48 million tonnes | -1.6% |
| 1919 | 1.52 million tonnes | +2.4% |
| 1920 | 1.87 million tonnes | +23.0% |
| 1921 | 2.09 million tonnes | +11.8% |
| 1922 | 2.18 million tonnes | +4.1% |
| 1923 | 2.24 million tonnes | +3.0% |
| 1924 | 2.32 million tonnes | +3.3% |
| 1925 | 2.38 million tonnes | +2.7% |
| 1926 | 2.37 million tonnes | -0.4% |
| 1927 | 2.42 million tonnes | +2.1% |
| 1928 | 2.49 million tonnes | +2.8% |
| 1929 | 2.46 million tonnes | -1.0% |
| 1930 | 1.62 million tonnes | -34.2% |
| 1931 | 1.22 million tonnes | -24.7% |
| 1932 | 977,812 tonnes | -19.8% |
| 1933 | 812,932 tonnes | -16.9% |
| 1934 | 696,710 tonnes | -14.3% |
| 1935 | 605,659 tonnes | -13.1% |
| 1936 | 536,300 tonnes | -11.5% |
| 1937 | 480,277 tonnes | -10.4% |
| 1938 | 431,839 tonnes | -10.1% |
| 1939 | 390,399 tonnes | -9.6% |
| 1940 | 3.22 million tonnes | +725.7% |
| 1941 | 4.55 million tonnes | +41.1% |
| 1942 | 5.38 million tonnes | +18.3% |
| 1943 | 5.94 million tonnes | +10.4% |
| 1944 | 6.47 million tonnes | +8.9% |
| 1945 | 6.81 million tonnes | +5.2% |
| 1946 | 7.13 million tonnes | +4.7% |
| 1947 | 7.35 million tonnes | +3.1% |
| 1948 | 7.41 million tonnes | +0.8% |
| 1949 | 7.60 million tonnes | +2.5% |
| 1950 | 6.23 million tonnes | -18.0% |
| 1951 | 5.82 million tonnes | -6.6% |
| 1952 | 5.85 million tonnes | +0.5% |
| 1953 | 5.66 million tonnes | -3.2% |
| 1954 | 5.80 million tonnes | +2.4% |
| 1955 | 5.84 million tonnes | +0.6% |
| 1956 | 6.01 million tonnes | +3.0% |
| 1957 | 5.92 million tonnes | -1.5% |
| 1958 | 5.92 million tonnes | -0.0% |
| 1959 | 6.85 million tonnes | +15.8% |
| 1960 | 4.74 million tonnes | -30.8% |
| 1961 | 4.46 million tonnes | -6.0% |
| 1962 | 3.15 million tonnes | -29.3% |
| 1963 | 2.72 million tonnes | -13.8% |
| 1964 | 2.97 million tonnes | +9.4% |
| 1965 | 3.19 million tonnes | +7.2% |
| 1966 | 3.05 million tonnes | -4.2% |
| 1967 | 2.41 million tonnes | -21.0% |
| 1968 | 1.79 million tonnes | -25.9% |
| 1969 | 1.54 million tonnes | -13.9% |
| 1970 | 1.62 million tonnes | +5.6% |
| 1971 | 3.15 million tonnes | +93.7% |
| 1972 | 2.73 million tonnes | -13.2% |
| 1973 | 1.43 million tonnes | -47.8% |
| 1974 | 1.31 million tonnes | -8.0% |
| 1975 | 946,191 tonnes | -28.0% |
| 1976 | 423,119 tonnes | -55.3% |
| 1977 | 3.68 million tonnes | +770.2% |
| 1978 | 1.80 million tonnes | -51.1% |
| 1979 | 953,959 tonnes | -47.0% |
| 1980 | -1.74 million tonnes | -282.7% |
| 1981 | -612,694 tonnes | -64.8% |
| 1982 | -272,345 tonnes | -55.5% |
| 1983 | 2.65 million tonnes | -1072.1% |
| 1984 | 1.08 million tonnes | -59.1% |
| 1985 | 2.11 million tonnes | +95.0% |
| 1986 | 2.73 million tonnes | +29.3% |
| 1987 | 2.79 million tonnes | +2.3% |
| 1988 | 3.50 million tonnes | +25.2% |
| 1989 | 2.37 million tonnes | -32.1% |
| 1990 | 2.23 million tonnes | -6.2% |
| 1991 | 1.83 million tonnes | -18.0% |
| 1992 | 1.63 million tonnes | -10.6% |
| 1993 | 1.46 million tonnes | -10.8% |
| 1994 | 1.34 million tonnes | -8.0% |
| 1995 | 1.28 million tonnes | -4.1% |
| 1996 | 1.24 million tonnes | -3.3% |
| 1997 | 1.06 million tonnes | -14.5% |
| 1998 | 881,229 tonnes | -17.0% |
| 1999 | 947,730 tonnes | +7.5% |
| 2000 | 909,075 tonnes | -4.1% |
| 2001 | 938,937 tonnes | +3.3% |
| 2002 | 849,279 tonnes | -9.5% |
| 2003 | 837,700 tonnes | -1.4% |
| 2004 | 843,453 tonnes | +0.7% |
| 2005 | 615,222 tonnes | -27.1% |
| 2006 | 650,104 tonnes | +5.7% |
| 2007 | 637,683 tonnes | -1.9% |
| 2008 | 598,185 tonnes | -6.2% |
| 2009 | 585,507 tonnes | -2.1% |
| 2010 | 582,832 tonnes | -0.5% |
| 2011 | 627,240 tonnes | +7.6% |
| 2012 | 505,852 tonnes | -19.4% |
| 2013 | 474,928 tonnes | -6.1% |
| 2014 | 365,557 tonnes | -23.0% |
| 2015 | 348,923 tonnes | -4.6% |
| 2016 | 621,781 tonnes | +78.2% |
| 2017 | 741,850 tonnes | +19.3% |
| 2018 | 733,716 tonnes | -1.1% |
| 2019 | 797,983 tonnes | +8.8% |
| 2020 | 424,841 tonnes | -46.8% |
| 2021 | 307,373 tonnes | -27.6% |
| 2022 | 261,903 tonnes | -14.8% |
| 2023 | 232,957 tonnes | -11.1% |
| 2024 | 210,900 tonnes | -9.5% |
Eswatini compared with similar countries
- Eswatini's 210,900 tonnes is below the median for lower middle income countries, which is 6.54 million tonnes, 3% of the median. (47 countries reporting)
- Eswatini's 210,900 tonnes is below the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 7.78 million tonnes, 3% of the median. (48 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change in Eswatini changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1983 | +1072.1% | -272,345 tonnes | 2.65 million tonnes |
| 1977 | +770.2% | 423,119 tonnes | 3.68 million tonnes |
| 1940 | +725.7% | 390,399 tonnes | 3.22 million tonnes |
| 1980 | -282.7% | 953,959 tonnes | -1.74 million tonnes |
| 1985 | +95.0% | 1.08 million tonnes | 2.11 million tonnes |
| 1971 | +93.7% | 1.62 million tonnes | 3.15 million tonnes |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1850s | 364,671 tonnes | 272,968 tonnes | 410,148 tonnes | 10 |
| 1860s | 468,292 tonnes | 450,379 tonnes | 482,182 tonnes | 10 |
| 1870s | 633,029 tonnes | 548,501 tonnes | 670,109 tonnes | 10 |
| 1880s | 581,602 tonnes | 550,589 tonnes | 620,169 tonnes | 10 |
| 1890s | 701,495 tonnes | 659,886 tonnes | 728,220 tonnes | 10 |
| 1900s | 1.15 million tonnes | 929,447 tonnes | 1.27 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1910s | 1.47 million tonnes | 1.34 million tonnes | 1.52 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1920s | 2.28 million tonnes | 1.87 million tonnes | 2.49 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1930s | 777,098 tonnes | 390,399 tonnes | 1.62 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1940s | 6.19 million tonnes | 3.22 million tonnes | 7.60 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1950s | 5.99 million tonnes | 5.66 million tonnes | 6.85 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1960s | 3.00 million tonnes | 1.54 million tonnes | 4.74 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1970s | 1.81 million tonnes | 423,119 tonnes | 3.68 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1980s | 1.46 million tonnes | -1.74 million tonnes | 3.50 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1990s | 1.39 million tonnes | 881,229 tonnes | 2.23 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2000s | 746,514 tonnes | 585,507 tonnes | 938,937 tonnes | 10 |
| 2010s | 580,066 tonnes | 348,923 tonnes | 797,983 tonnes | 10 |
| 2020s | 287,595 tonnes | 210,900 tonnes | 424,841 tonnes | 5 |
Countries ranked near Eswatini
More climate change data for Eswatini
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 10.39 million kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 1,459 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 469.92 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 988.9 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 1.77 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 35.32 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 77.58 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 66.81 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 10.77 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 0.2521 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is annual co₂ emissions from land-use change in Eswatini?
- Annual co₂ emissions from land-use change in Eswatini was 210,900 tonnes in 2024, according to Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest annual co₂ emissions from land-use change recorded in Eswatini?
- The highest recorded value was 7.60 million tonnes in 1949.
- What is the lowest annual co₂ emissions from land-use change recorded in Eswatini?
- The lowest recorded value was -1.74 million tonnes in 1980.
- How does Eswatini rank for annual co₂ emissions from land-use change?
- Eswatini ranks 102nd out of 197 countries with data for 2024.
- Is annual co₂ emissions from land-use change rising or falling in Eswatini?
- Over the last ten years it is down 42.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Eswatini data come from?
- The figures come from Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 175 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂) from land-use change, measured in tonnes.