Consumption-based CO₂ emissions in Nepal
Nepal: Consumption-based CO₂ emissions was 47.28 million tonnes in 2023. ◆ Volatile
Consumption-based CO₂ emissions in Nepal, 1990–2023
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes.
Analysis
Nepal recorded 47.28 million tonnes for consumption-based co₂ emissions in 2023. That is the highest value across all 34 years on record.
The figure is up 2.3% on the previous year and up 780.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, consumption-based co₂ emissions in Nepal peaked at 47.28 million tonnes in 2023 and was at its lowest, 1.14 million tonnes, in 1990.
Nepal ranks 60th of 120 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Consumption-based CO₂ emissions in Nepal, year by year
| Year | tonnes | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 1.14 million tonnes | — |
| 1991 | 1.50 million tonnes | +31.0% |
| 1992 | 1.69 million tonnes | +13.4% |
| 1993 | 1.87 million tonnes | +10.2% |
| 1994 | 2.09 million tonnes | +11.9% |
| 1995 | 2.74 million tonnes | +31.1% |
| 1996 | 2.93 million tonnes | +6.8% |
| 1997 | 3.10 million tonnes | +6.1% |
| 1998 | 2.09 million tonnes | -32.7% |
| 1999 | 3.03 million tonnes | +45.1% |
| 2000 | 2.66 million tonnes | -12.1% |
| 2001 | 3.85 million tonnes | +44.5% |
| 2002 | 3.52 million tonnes | -8.6% |
| 2003 | 2.27 million tonnes | -35.4% |
| 2004 | 4.24 million tonnes | +86.5% |
| 2005 | 4.56 million tonnes | +7.5% |
| 2006 | 4.51 million tonnes | -1.1% |
| 2007 | 5.04 million tonnes | +11.9% |
| 2008 | 6.47 million tonnes | +28.3% |
| 2009 | 3.38 million tonnes | -47.7% |
| 2010 | 4.18 million tonnes | +23.6% |
| 2011 | 4.58 million tonnes | +9.4% |
| 2012 | 4.73 million tonnes | +3.4% |
| 2013 | 5.37 million tonnes | +13.4% |
| 2014 | 6.28 million tonnes | +17.0% |
| 2015 | 5.72 million tonnes | -9.0% |
| 2016 | 8.77 million tonnes | +53.3% |
| 2017 | 10.81 million tonnes | +23.3% |
| 2018 | 36.78 million tonnes | +240.1% |
| 2019 | 34.78 million tonnes | -5.4% |
| 2020 | 36.03 million tonnes | +3.6% |
| 2021 | 41.19 million tonnes | +14.3% |
| 2022 | 46.20 million tonnes | +12.2% |
| 2023 | 47.28 million tonnes | +2.3% |
Nepal compared with similar countries
- Nepal's 47.28 million tonnes is above the median for lower middle income countries, which is 22.41 million tonnes, 2.1× the median. (28 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Consumption-based CO₂ emissions in Nepal changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | +240.1% | 10.81 million tonnes | 36.78 million tonnes |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 2.22 million tonnes | 1.14 million tonnes | 3.10 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2000s | 4.05 million tonnes | 2.27 million tonnes | 6.47 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2010s | 12.20 million tonnes | 4.18 million tonnes | 36.78 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2020s | 42.68 million tonnes | 36.03 million tonnes | 47.28 million tonnes | 4 |
Countries ranked near Nepal
More climate change data for Nepal
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 14.93 million kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 23,478 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 3,890 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 19,588 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 14.68 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 699.59 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 5,853 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 1,263 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 4,590 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 4.76 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is consumption-based co₂ emissions in Nepal?
- Consumption-based co₂ emissions in Nepal was 47.28 million tonnes in 2023, according to Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest consumption-based co₂ emissions recorded in Nepal?
- The highest recorded value was 47.28 million tonnes in 2023.
- What is the lowest consumption-based co₂ emissions recorded in Nepal?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.14 million tonnes in 1990.
- How does Nepal rank for consumption-based co₂ emissions?
- Nepal ranks 60th out of 120 countries with data for 2023.
- Is consumption-based co₂ emissions rising or falling in Nepal?
- Over the last ten years it is up 780.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Nepal data come from?
- The figures come from Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Consumption-based CO₂ emissions. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 34 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Annual consumption-based emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), measured in tonnes.