Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, gaps filled by country
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change with 79 missing years estimated by linear interpolation between the nearest real observations. Only gaps of 4 years or fewer are filled, and never beyond the first or last actual measurement — these are filled holes, not forecasts.
Countries reporting
194
Highest
560.54 billion tonnes
United States
Lowest
-410,256 tonnes
Sao Tome and Principe
Median
2.30 billion tonnes
Years covered
175
1850–2024
Data points
21,015
What the numbers show
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, gaps filled is currently reported for 194 countries. The highest value is 560.54 billion tonnes in United States; the lowest is -410,256 tonnes in Sao Tome and Principe.
The median across all reporting countries is 2.30 billion tonnes, and the mean is 14.16 billion tonnes.
Over the past decade 192 countries rose and 2 fell. The largest increase was in Equatorial Guinea (up 169.2%), and the largest decrease in Vanuatu (down 5.2%).
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, gaps filled: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 560.54 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 10.2% | volatile |
| 2 | China | 359.65 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 42.2% | volatile |
| 3 | Russia | 227.02 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 9.8% | volatile |
| 4 | Brazil | 139.44 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 15.5% | volatile |
| 5 | India | 105.59 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 34.9% | volatile |
| 6 | Germany | 94.91 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 7.9% | volatile |
| 7 | Indonesia | 86.94 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 20.8% | volatile |
| 8 | United Kingdom | 79.77 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 4.8% | volatile |
| 9 | Canada | 76.04 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 9.9% | volatile |
| 10 | Japan | 74.89 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 17.1% | volatile |
| 11 | Ukraine | 44.32 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 4.9% | volatile |
| 12 | Mexico | 36.01 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 14.3% | volatile |
| 13 | France | 35.81 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 9.2% | volatile |
| 14 | Australia | 34.01 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 15.6% | volatile |
| 15 | South Africa | 29.70 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 17.8% | volatile |
| 16 | Poland | 29.42 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 10.6% | volatile |
| 17 | Italy | 26.14 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 13.7% | volatile |
| 18 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 26.04 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 34.0% | volatile |
| 19 | Thailand | 25.18 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 17.3% | volatile |
| 20 | Colombia | 24.33 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 6.4% | volatile |
| 21 | Iran | 23.45 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 45.4% | volatile |
| 22 | Argentina | 23.02 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 15.7% | volatile |
| 23 | South Korea | 20.97 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 41.9% | volatile |
| 24 | Malaysia | 20.00 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 21.6% | volatile |
| 25 | Turkey | 19.52 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 28.1% | volatile |
| 26 | Saudi Arabia | 19.21 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 53.1% | volatile |
| 27 | Kazakhstan | 18.97 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 17.5% | volatile |
| 28 | Spain | 17.73 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 14.7% | volatile |
| 29 | Nigeria | 15.86 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 11.3% | volatile |
| 30 | Philippines | 15.28 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 14.1% | volatile |
| 31 | Vietnam | 14.82 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 42.2% | volatile |
| 32 | Venezuela | 13.40 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 10.7% | volatile |
| 33 | Netherlands | 13.33 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 12.6% | volatile |
| 34 | Belgium | 13.18 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 8.1% | volatile |
| 35 | Czechia | 12.01 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 8.3% | volatile |
| 36 | Romania | 11.85 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 5.8% | volatile |
| 37 | Cote d'Ivoire | 10.43 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 34.1% | volatile |
| 38 | Belarus | 10.07 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 6.2% | volatile |
| 39 | Myanmar | 9.12 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 15.1% | volatile |
| 40 | Peru | 7.99 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 11.5% | volatile |
| 41 | Chile | 7.82 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 16.2% | volatile |
| 42 | Egypt | 7.81 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 47.0% | volatile |
| 43 | Pakistan | 7.75 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 34.4% | volatile |
| 44 | Bolivia | 7.60 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 16.5% | volatile |
| 45 | Tanzania | 7.59 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 16.4% | volatile |
| 46 | Sweden | 7.56 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 6.7% | volatile |
| 47 | Ethiopia | 7.35 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 48.1% | volatile |
| 48 | Uzbekistan | 7.14 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 18.8% | volatile |
| 49 | North Korea | 7.02 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 10.6% | volatile |
| 50 | Finland | 6.77 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 11.2% | volatile |
| 51 | Algeria | 6.54 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 38.4% | volatile |
| 52 | Austria | 5.97 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 11.9% | volatile |
| 53 | Iraq | 5.84 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 48.7% | volatile |
| 54 | United Arab Emirates | 5.83 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 57.4% | volatile |
| 55 | Ecuador | 5.81 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 9.6% | volatile |
| 56 | Cuba | 5.80 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 4.2% | volatile |
| 57 | Hungary | 5.76 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 7.0% | volatile |
| 58 | Denmark | 5.57 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 6.4% | volatile |
| 59 | Angola | 5.37 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 20.4% | rising |
| 60 | Greece | 5.29 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 9.1% | volatile |
| 61 | Madagascar | 5.20 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 7.6% | volatile |
| 62 | New Zealand | 5.13 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 11.2% | volatile |
| 63 | Zambia | 5.01 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 19.7% | volatile |
| 64 | Bulgaria | 4.99 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 7.6% | volatile |
| 65 | Mozambique | 4.65 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 10.8% | volatile |
| 66 | Slovakia | 4.53 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 9.0% | volatile |
| 67 | Nicaragua | 4.53 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 3.7% | volatile |
| 68 | Guatemala | 4.51 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 12.2% | volatile |
| 69 | Paraguay | 4.04 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 8.6% | volatile |
| 70 | Kuwait | 3.88 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 37.2% | volatile |
| 71 | Norway | 3.83 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 14.6% | volatile |
| 72 | Bangladesh | 3.72 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 40.7% | volatile |
| 73 | Honduras | 3.58 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 7.7% | volatile |
| 74 | Morocco | 3.54 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 23.7% | volatile |
| 75 | Cambodia | 3.51 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 21.8% | volatile |
| 76 | Switzerland | 3.41 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 11.6% | volatile |
| 77 | Serbia | 3.37 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 7.8% | volatile |
| 78 | Azerbaijan | 3.23 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 14.9% | volatile |
| 79 | Portugal | 3.20 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 17.3% | volatile |
| 80 | Kenya | 3.19 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 15.8% | volatile |
| 81 | Zimbabwe | 2.93 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 4.5% | volatile |
| 82 | Cameroon | 2.93 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 14.8% | volatile |
| 83 | Turkmenistan | 2.92 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 34.3% | volatile |
| 84 | Lithuania | 2.87 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 4.1% | volatile |
| 85 | Guinea | 2.80 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 28.5% | rising |
| 86 | Sudan | 2.70 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 15.7% | volatile |
| 87 | Ghana | 2.69 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 88 | Israel | 2.65 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 29.2% | volatile |
| 89 | Laos | 2.64 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 23.8% | volatile |
| 90 | Qatar | 2.59 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 68.7% | volatile |
| 91 | Libya | 2.55 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 30.7% | volatile |
| 92 | Ireland | 2.55 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 18.7% | volatile |
| 93 | Costa Rica | 2.49 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 3.6% | volatile |
| 94 | Syria | 2.48 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 13.2% | volatile |
| 95 | Panama | 2.48 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 6.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Dominican Republic | 2.47 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 13.4% | volatile |
| 97 | Uganda | 2.34 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 5.2% | volatile |
| 98 | Singapore | 2.25 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 28.5% | volatile |
| 99 | Sri Lanka | 2.25 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 17.2% | volatile |
| 100 | Mongolia | 2.08 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 25.4% | volatile |
| 101 | Congo | 1.88 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 15.6% | rising |
| 102 | Croatia | 1.84 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 9.1% | volatile |
| 103 | Latvia | 1.84 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 5.3% | volatile |
| 104 | Estonia | 1.80 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 7.2% | volatile |
| 105 | Papua New Guinea | 1.76 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 33.1% | volatile |
| 106 | Benin | 1.74 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 33.3% | volatile |
| 107 | Mali | 1.73 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 31.1% | volatile |
| 108 | Trinidad and Tobago | 1.70 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 29.2% | volatile |
| 109 | Oman | 1.68 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 77.7% | volatile |
| 110 | South Sudan | 1.66 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 15.1% | volatile |
| 111 | Nepal | 1.63 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 16.8% | volatile |
| 112 | Tunisia | 1.44 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 27.9% | volatile |
| 113 | Moldova | 1.44 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 1.2% | volatile |
| 114 | Burkina Faso | 1.35 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 34.3% | volatile |
| 115 | Niger | 1.34 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 16.7% | volatile |
| 116 | Sierra Leone | 1.33 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 10.0% | volatile |
| 117 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1.27 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 18.6% | volatile |
| 118 | Kyrgyzstan | 1.25 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 8.8% | volatile |
| 119 | Slovenia | 1.22 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 16.0% | volatile |
| 120 | Malawi | 1.19 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 11.8% | volatile |
| 121 | Somalia | 1.13 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 28.2% | volatile |
| 122 | Liberia | 1.11 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 30.9% | volatile |
| 123 | Bahrain | 1.11 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 47.2% | volatile |
| 124 | Gabon | 1.07 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 14.8% | volatile |
| 125 | Uruguay | 1.03 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 9.4% | volatile |
| 126 | North Macedonia | 945.82 million tonnes | 2024 | up 8.7% | volatile |
| 127 | El Salvador | 861.46 million tonnes | 2024 | up 9.3% | volatile |
| 128 | Jordan | 857.61 million tonnes | 2024 | up 40.3% | volatile |
| 129 | Haiti | 815.29 million tonnes | 2024 | up 2.1% | volatile |
| 130 | Lebanon | 805.76 million tonnes | 2024 | up 37.9% | volatile |
| 131 | Chad | 804.15 million tonnes | 2024 | up 21.0% | volatile |
| 132 | Luxembourg | 776.03 million tonnes | 2024 | up 12.5% | volatile |
| 133 | Senegal | 764.94 million tonnes | 2024 | up 31.2% | volatile |
| 134 | Central African Republic | 755.87 million tonnes | 2024 | up 76.2% | volatile |
| 135 | Yemen | 744.75 million tonnes | 2024 | up 17.0% | volatile |
| 136 | Togo | 697.51 million tonnes | 2024 | up 6.9% | rising |
| 137 | Bhutan | 697.17 million tonnes | 2024 | up 16.9% | volatile |
| 138 | Jamaica | 658.87 million tonnes | 2024 | up 13.6% | volatile |
| 139 | Tajikistan | 640.89 million tonnes | 2024 | up 17.7% | volatile |
| 140 | Guyana | 624.34 million tonnes | 2024 | up 11.2% | rising |
| 141 | Afghanistan | 611.71 million tonnes | 2024 | up 39.5% | rising |
| 142 | Albania | 548.29 million tonnes | 2024 | up 10.2% | volatile |
| 143 | Brunei | 515.56 million tonnes | 2024 | up 27.8% | volatile |
| 144 | Armenia | 512.61 million tonnes | 2024 | up 15.2% | volatile |
| 145 | Rwanda | 410.78 million tonnes | 2024 | up 10.2% | volatile |
| 146 | Belize | 375.25 million tonnes | 2024 | up 24.0% | volatile |
| 147 | Burundi | 327.33 million tonnes | 2024 | up 19.9% | rising |
| 148 | Botswana | 295.97 million tonnes | 2024 | up 28.3% | volatile |
| 149 | Iceland | 274.58 million tonnes | 2024 | up 16.5% | volatile |
| 150 | Cyprus | 271.72 million tonnes | 2024 | up 31.8% | volatile |
| 151 | Suriname | 259.32 million tonnes | 2024 | up 17.9% | volatile |
| 152 | Guinea-Bissau | 238.99 million tonnes | 2024 | up 19.4% | volatile |
| 153 | Georgia | 233.48 million tonnes | 2024 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 154 | Montenegro | 220.35 million tonnes | 2024 | down 2.1% | volatile |
| 155 | Namibia | 219.85 million tonnes | 2024 | up 59.6% | volatile |
| 156 | Solomon Islands | 208.67 million tonnes | 2024 | up 46.1% | volatile |
| 157 | Lesotho | 196.16 million tonnes | 2024 | up 100.1% | volatile |
| 158 | Eswatini | 189.94 million tonnes | 2024 | up 8.4% | rising |
| 159 | Bahamas | 182.77 million tonnes | 2024 | up 16.2% | volatile |
| 160 | Eritrea | 160.03 million tonnes | 2024 | up 100.5% | volatile |
| 161 | Mauritania | 143.66 million tonnes | 2024 | up 47.1% | volatile |
| 162 | Mauritius | 136.50 million tonnes | 2024 | up 47.8% | volatile |
| 163 | Equatorial Guinea | 133.57 million tonnes | 2024 | up 169.2% | volatile |
| 164 | East Timor | 121.30 million tonnes | 2024 | up 60.9% | volatile |
| 165 | Malta | 106.16 million tonnes | 2024 | up 17.5% | volatile |
| 166 | Fiji | 98.95 million tonnes | 2024 | up 11.8% | volatile |
| 167 | Vanuatu | 90.28 million tonnes | 2024 | down 5.2% | volatile |
| 168 | Palestine | 76.71 million tonnes | 2024 | up 99.3% | volatile |
| 169 | Gambia | 73.96 million tonnes | 2024 | up 17.4% | volatile |
| 170 | Barbados | 64.11 million tonnes | 2024 | up 23.9% | volatile |
| 171 | Maldives | 33.66 million tonnes | 2024 | up 120.0% | volatile |
| 172 | Djibouti | 27.19 million tonnes | 2024 | up 28.4% | volatile |
| 173 | Cape Verde | 21.05 million tonnes | 2024 | up 37.9% | volatile |
| 174 | Antigua and Barbuda | 17.83 million tonnes | 2024 | up 49.5% | volatile |
| 175 | Andorra | 17.13 million tonnes | 2024 | up 34.7% | volatile |
| 176 | Seychelles | 16.11 million tonnes | 2024 | up 58.5% | volatile |
| 177 | Saint Lucia | 15.85 million tonnes | 2024 | up 33.4% | volatile |
| 178 | Samoa | 14.55 million tonnes | 2024 | up 15.6% | rising |
| 179 | Comoros | 13.79 million tonnes | 2024 | up 40.5% | volatile |
| 180 | Palau | 11.40 million tonnes | 2024 | up 23.1% | volatile |
| 181 | Liechtenstein | 9.38 million tonnes | 2024 | up 15.7% | volatile |
| 182 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 9.37 million tonnes | 2024 | up 23.4% | volatile |
| 183 | Tonga | 7.77 million tonnes | 2024 | up 29.2% | volatile |
| 184 | Grenada | 6.12 million tonnes | 2024 | up 50.9% | volatile |
| 185 | Nauru | 5.07 million tonnes | 2024 | up 12.3% | volatile |
| 186 | Micronesia (country) | 4.86 million tonnes | 2024 | up 42.1% | volatile |
| 187 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 4.38 million tonnes | 2024 | up 69.6% | volatile |
| 188 | Marshall Islands | 4.01 million tonnes | 2024 | up 57.9% | volatile |
| 189 | Dominica | 3.61 million tonnes | 2024 | up 16.8% | volatile |
| 190 | Cook Islands | 2.68 million tonnes | 2024 | up 39.6% | volatile |
| 191 | Kiribati | 2.33 million tonnes | 2024 | up 40.6% | volatile |
| 192 | Tuvalu | 297,180 tonnes | 2024 | up 50.2% | volatile |
| 193 | Niue | 286,056 tonnes | 2024 | up 34.6% | volatile |
| 194 | Sao Tome and Principe | -410,256 tonnes | 2024 | up 88.4% | volatile |
How this figure is calculated
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change with 79 missing years estimated by linear interpolation between the nearest real observations. Only gaps of 4 years or fewer are filled, and never beyond the first or last actual measurement — these are filled holes, not forecasts.
Computed from
- Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change with 79 missing years estimated by linear interpolation between the nearest real observations. Only gaps of 4 years or fewer are filled, and never beyond the first or last actual measurement — these are filled holes, not forecasts.