Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in India
India: Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, per square was 34,438 tonnes per square kilometre in 2023. ▲ Rising
Latest (2023)
34,438 tonnes per square kilometre
Change on year
up 3.1%
World rank
65th
of 192 countries
All-time high
34,438 tonnes per square kilometre
in 2023
All-time low
10,227 tonnes per square kilometre
in 1961
Years of data
63
1961–2023
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in India, 1961–2023
Source: Statizoid (derived). Measured in tonnes per square kilometre.
Analysis
In 2023, cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in India stood at 34,438 tonnes per square kilometre. That is the highest value across all 63 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 3.1% on the previous year and up 34.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in India peaked at 34,438 tonnes per square kilometre in 2023 and was at its lowest, 10,227 tonnes per square kilometre, in 1961.
India ranks 65th of 192 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 63 years of available data.
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in India, year by year
| Year | tonnes per square kilometre | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1961 | 10,227 tonnes per square kilometre | — |
| 1962 | 10,403 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1963 | 10,570 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.6% |
| 1964 | 10,733 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.5% |
| 1965 | 10,892 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.5% |
| 1966 | 11,081 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1967 | 11,274 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1968 | 11,421 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.3% |
| 1969 | 11,584 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.4% |
| 1970 | 11,712 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.1% |
| 1971 | 11,856 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.2% |
| 1972 | 12,054 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1973 | 12,240 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.5% |
| 1974 | 12,416 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.4% |
| 1975 | 12,576 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.3% |
| 1976 | 12,724 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.2% |
| 1977 | 12,947 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.8% |
| 1978 | 13,125 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.4% |
| 1979 | 13,281 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.2% |
| 1980 | 13,447 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.2% |
| 1981 | 13,632 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.4% |
| 1982 | 13,795 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.2% |
| 1983 | 14,026 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1984 | 14,217 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.4% |
| 1985 | 14,408 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.3% |
| 1986 | 14,623 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.5% |
| 1987 | 14,825 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.4% |
| 1988 | 15,071 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1989 | 15,314 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.6% |
| 1990 | 15,571 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1991 | 15,828 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1992 | 16,110 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.8% |
| 1993 | 16,388 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1994 | 16,672 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1995 | 16,963 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1996 | 17,300 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.0% |
| 1997 | 17,628 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.9% |
| 1998 | 17,963 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.9% |
| 1999 | 18,319 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.0% |
| 2000 | 18,720 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.2% |
| 2001 | 19,110 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.1% |
| 2002 | 19,492 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.0% |
| 2003 | 19,895 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.1% |
| 2004 | 20,308 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.1% |
| 2005 | 20,732 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.1% |
| 2006 | 21,187 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.2% |
| 2007 | 21,695 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.4% |
| 2008 | 22,256 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.6% |
| 2009 | 22,837 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.6% |
| 2010 | 23,452 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.7% |
| 2011 | 24,090 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.7% |
| 2012 | 24,802 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.0% |
| 2013 | 25,561 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.1% |
| 2014 | 26,327 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.0% |
| 2015 | 27,137 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.1% |
| 2016 | 27,986 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.1% |
| 2017 | 28,839 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.0% |
| 2018 | 29,762 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.2% |
| 2019 | 30,672 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.1% |
| 2020 | 31,514 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.7% |
| 2021 | 32,435 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.9% |
| 2022 | 33,401 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.0% |
| 2023 | 34,438 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.1% |
India compared with similar countries
- India's 34,438 tonnes per square kilometre is above the median for lower middle income countries, which is 8,461 tonnes per square kilometre, 4.1× the median. (47 countries reporting)
- India's 34,438 tonnes per square kilometre is above the median for South Asia, which is 31,042 tonnes per square kilometre, 1.1× the median. (6 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 10,909 tonnes per square kilometre | 10,227 tonnes per square kilometre | 11,584 tonnes per square kilometre | 9 |
| 1970s | 12,493 tonnes per square kilometre | 11,712 tonnes per square kilometre | 13,281 tonnes per square kilometre | 10 |
| 1980s | 14,336 tonnes per square kilometre | 13,447 tonnes per square kilometre | 15,314 tonnes per square kilometre | 10 |
| 1990s | 16,874 tonnes per square kilometre | 15,571 tonnes per square kilometre | 18,319 tonnes per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2000s | 20,623 tonnes per square kilometre | 18,720 tonnes per square kilometre | 22,837 tonnes per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2010s | 26,863 tonnes per square kilometre | 23,452 tonnes per square kilometre | 30,672 tonnes per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2020s | 32,947 tonnes per square kilometre | 31,514 tonnes per square kilometre | 34,438 tonnes per square kilometre | 4 |
Countries ranked near India
- 62 Andorra 35,559 tonnes per square kilometre compare
- 63 Spain 35,058 tonnes per square kilometre compare
- 64 Portugal 34,460 tonnes per square kilometre compare
- 66 Seychelles 33,611 tonnes per square kilometre compare
- 67 Panama 33,219 tonnes per square kilometre compare
- 68 Croatia 32,653 tonnes per square kilometre compare
More climate change data for India
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 27.69 billion kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 602,760 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 105,678 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 497,082 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 398.78 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 17,753 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 279,594 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 176,015 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 103,578 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 664.21 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in India?
- Cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in India was 34,438 tonnes per square kilometre in 2023, according to Statizoid (derived).
- What is the highest cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square recorded in India?
- The highest recorded value was 34,438 tonnes per square kilometre in 2023.
- What is the lowest cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square recorded in India?
- The lowest recorded value was 10,227 tonnes per square kilometre in 1961.
- How does India rank for cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square?
- India ranks 65th out of 192 countries with data for 2023.
- Is cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square rising or falling in India?
- Over the last ten years it is up 34.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this India data come from?
- The figures come from Statizoid (derived), published as part of Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, per square kilometre. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 63 observations, free to reuse under Derived by Statizoid from the sources named on the page.
How this figure is calculated
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.