emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Falkland Islands
Falkland Islands: emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate was 2.32 % change on previous year in 2022. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2022)
2.32 % change on previous year
Change on year
up 57.2%
World rank
42nd
of 219 countries
All-time high
195.52 % change on previous year
in 1950
All-time low
-97.31 % change on previous year
in 1971
Years of data
271
1751–2022
emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Falkland Islands, 1751–2022
Source: Statizoid (derived). Measured in % change on previous year.
Analysis
Falkland Islands recorded 2.32 % change on previous year for emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in 2022.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 57.2% on the previous year and up 149.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Falkland Islands peaked at 195.52 % change on previous year in 1950 and was at its lowest, -97.31 % change on previous year, in 1971.
Falkland Islands ranks 42nd of 219 countries on this measure, in the top quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Falkland Islands, year by year
| Year | % change on previous year | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1751 | 0.7545 % change on previous year | — |
| 1752 | 0.7477 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1753 | 0.741 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1754 | 0.7347 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1755 | 0.7282 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1756 | 0.7221 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1757 | 0.7158 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1758 | 0.7096 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1759 | 0.7038 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1760 | 0.6978 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1761 | 0.7539 % change on previous year | +8.0% |
| 1762 | 0.7472 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1763 | 0.7409 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1764 | 0.7341 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1765 | 0.728 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1766 | 0.7214 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1767 | 0.7154 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1768 | 0.7093 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1769 | 0.7031 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1770 | 0.6974 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1771 | 0.7536 % change on previous year | +8.1% |
| 1772 | 0.7469 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1773 | 0.7402 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1774 | 0.7337 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1775 | 0.7274 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1776 | 0.7212 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1777 | 0.7148 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1778 | 0.7088 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1779 | 0.7029 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1780 | 0.697 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1781 | 0.7532 % change on previous year | +8.1% |
| 1782 | 0.7464 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1783 | 0.7397 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1784 | 0.7334 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1785 | 0.7271 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1786 | 0.7205 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1787 | 0.7147 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1788 | 0.7083 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1789 | 0.7024 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1790 | 0.6964 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1791 | 0.7527 % change on previous year | +8.1% |
| 1792 | 0.746 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1793 | 0.7394 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1794 | 0.7329 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1795 | 0.7265 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1796 | 0.7202 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1797 | 0.714 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1798 | 0.7079 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1799 | 0.7019 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1800 | 0.696 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1801 | 0.7523 % change on previous year | +8.1% |
| 1802 | 0.7455 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1803 | 0.739 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1804 | 0.7324 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1805 | 0.7261 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1806 | 0.7198 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1807 | 0.7135 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1808 | 0.7075 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1809 | 0.7014 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1810 | 0.6956 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1811 | 0.2657 % change on previous year | -61.8% |
| 1812 | 0.2646 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1813 | 0.2636 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1814 | 0.2623 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1815 | 0.2612 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1816 | 0.26 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1817 | 0.259 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1818 | 0.2579 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1819 | 0.2567 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1820 | 0.2557 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1821 | 0.2653 % change on previous year | +3.8% |
| 1822 | 0.2643 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1823 | 0.263 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1824 | 0.2618 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1825 | 0.2607 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1826 | 0.2597 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1827 | 0.2585 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1828 | 0.2574 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1829 | 0.2562 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1830 | 0.2552 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1831 | 0.2648 % change on previous year | +3.8% |
| 1832 | 0.2638 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1833 | 0.2625 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1834 | 0.2615 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1835 | 0.2603 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1836 | 0.2591 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1837 | 0.258 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1838 | 0.257 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1839 | 0.2558 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1840 | 0.2547 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1841 | 0.2645 % change on previous year | +3.9% |
| 1842 | 0.2633 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1843 | 0.2621 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1844 | 0.2609 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1845 | 0.2598 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1846 | 0.2586 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1847 | 0.2576 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1848 | 0.2565 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1849 | 0.2553 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1850 | 0.2543 % change on previous year | -0.4% |
| 1851 | -2.66 % change on previous year | -1147.4% |
| 1852 | -2.05 % change on previous year | -23.2% |
| 1853 | -0.107 % change on previous year | -94.8% |
| 1854 | -0.1073 % change on previous year | +0.3% |
| 1855 | -0.1076 % change on previous year | +0.3% |
| 1856 | 2.74 % change on previous year | -2644.8% |
| 1857 | 2.74 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1858 | 2.74 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1859 | 2.74 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1860 | 2.74 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1861 | 1.68 % change on previous year | -38.5% |
| 1862 | 1.54 % change on previous year | -8.3% |
| 1863 | 1.56 % change on previous year | +1.0% |
| 1864 | 1.58 % change on previous year | +1.0% |
| 1865 | 0.1569 % change on previous year | -90.0% |
| 1866 | 0.1714 % change on previous year | +9.3% |
| 1867 | 0.1857 % change on previous year | +8.3% |
| 1868 | 0.1996 % change on previous year | +7.5% |
| 1869 | -0.415 % change on previous year | -307.9% |
| 1870 | -0.4019 % change on previous year | -3.2% |
| 1871 | 0.6077 % change on previous year | -251.2% |
| 1872 | 0.3073 % change on previous year | -49.4% |
| 1873 | 0.3233 % change on previous year | +5.2% |
| 1874 | 0.3387 % change on previous year | +4.8% |
| 1875 | 0.1384 % change on previous year | -59.2% |
| 1876 | 0.1532 % change on previous year | +10.7% |
| 1877 | 0.1673 % change on previous year | +9.2% |
| 1878 | -0.046 % change on previous year | -127.5% |
| 1879 | -0.0325 % change on previous year | -29.4% |
| 1880 | -0.0193 % change on previous year | -40.4% |
| 1881 | -0.1377 % change on previous year | +612.1% |
| 1882 | 2.13 % change on previous year | -1644.1% |
| 1883 | 1.02 % change on previous year | -52.0% |
| 1884 | -0.1833 % change on previous year | -118.0% |
| 1885 | -0.6764 % change on previous year | +269.1% |
| 1886 | -0.6622 % change on previous year | -2.1% |
| 1887 | 0.0211 % change on previous year | -103.2% |
| 1888 | -0.3041 % change on previous year | -1544.3% |
| 1889 | 0.2026 % change on previous year | -166.6% |
| 1890 | 3.15 % change on previous year | +1454.9% |
| 1891 | 0.2087 % change on previous year | -93.4% |
| 1892 | 0.8346 % change on previous year | +299.9% |
| 1893 | 1.13 % change on previous year | +35.1% |
| 1894 | 0.9539 % change on previous year | -15.4% |
| 1895 | 0.79 % change on previous year | -17.2% |
| 1896 | 0.7786 % change on previous year | -1.4% |
| 1897 | 0.7679 % change on previous year | -1.4% |
| 1898 | 0.8977 % change on previous year | +16.9% |
| 1899 | 1.02 % change on previous year | +13.8% |
| 1900 | -2.25 % change on previous year | -320.5% |
| 1901 | -0.5244 % change on previous year | -76.7% |
| 1902 | -0.4384 % change on previous year | -16.4% |
| 1903 | -0.6241 % change on previous year | +42.4% |
| 1904 | -0.4681 % change on previous year | -25.0% |
| 1905 | -0.4997 % change on previous year | +6.8% |
| 1906 | -0.5313 % change on previous year | +6.3% |
| 1907 | -0.563 % change on previous year | +6.0% |
| 1908 | -0.5947 % change on previous year | +5.6% |
| 1909 | -0.6264 % change on previous year | +5.3% |
| 1910 | -0.6582 % change on previous year | +5.1% |
| 1911 | -1.07 % change on previous year | +62.5% |
| 1912 | -1.22 % change on previous year | +13.7% |
| 1913 | -1.12 % change on previous year | -7.6% |
| 1914 | -1.96 % change on previous year | +74.7% |
| 1915 | -2.09 % change on previous year | +6.6% |
| 1916 | -1.99 % change on previous year | -4.8% |
| 1917 | -2.12 % change on previous year | +6.5% |
| 1918 | -2.02 % change on previous year | -4.7% |
| 1919 | -2.15 % change on previous year | +6.4% |
| 1920 | -2.05 % change on previous year | -4.6% |
| 1921 | -2.03 % change on previous year | -1.3% |
| 1922 | -0.4729 % change on previous year | -76.7% |
| 1923 | -1.3 % change on previous year | +174.6% |
| 1924 | -1.65 % change on previous year | +27.3% |
| 1925 | -1.57 % change on previous year | -5.1% |
| 1926 | -0.5352 % change on previous year | -65.9% |
| 1927 | -1.01 % change on previous year | +88.3% |
| 1928 | -0.6426 % change on previous year | -36.2% |
| 1929 | -0.7981 % change on previous year | +24.2% |
| 1930 | -0.3609 % change on previous year | -54.8% |
| 1931 | -0.0042 % change on previous year | -98.8% |
| 1932 | -0.8347 % change on previous year | +19596.5% |
| 1933 | -0.9772 % change on previous year | +17.1% |
| 1934 | -1.47 % change on previous year | +50.0% |
| 1935 | -1.58 % change on previous year | +8.0% |
| 1936 | -1.44 % change on previous year | -9.1% |
| 1937 | -1.2 % change on previous year | -16.6% |
| 1938 | -0.469 % change on previous year | -60.9% |
| 1939 | 0.0489 % change on previous year | -110.4% |
| 1940 | -0.5783 % change on previous year | -1282.3% |
| 1941 | -0.17 % change on previous year | -70.6% |
| 1942 | 0.2373 % change on previous year | -239.6% |
| 1943 | -1.96 % change on previous year | -924.7% |
| 1944 | -0.8595 % change on previous year | -56.1% |
| 1945 | -1.1 % change on previous year | +27.5% |
| 1946 | 0.6635 % change on previous year | -160.5% |
| 1947 | 0.3648 % change on previous year | -45.0% |
| 1948 | -0.1128 % change on previous year | -130.9% |
| 1949 | -0.1003 % change on previous year | -11.1% |
| 1950 | 195.52 % change on previous year | -195085.8% |
| 1951 | 18.41 % change on previous year | -90.6% |
| 1952 | -14.42 % change on previous year | -178.3% |
| 1953 | -37.62 % change on previous year | +160.9% |
| 1954 | 101 % change on previous year | -368.4% |
| 1955 | 7 % change on previous year | -93.1% |
| 1956 | 11.72 % change on previous year | +67.4% |
| 1957 | 7.01 % change on previous year | -40.1% |
| 1958 | 21.68 % change on previous year | +209.1% |
| 1959 | -62.33 % change on previous year | -387.5% |
| 1960 | 66.46 % change on previous year | -206.6% |
| 1961 | -19.2 % change on previous year | -128.9% |
| 1962 | -58.17 % change on previous year | +202.9% |
| 1963 | -3.46 % change on previous year | -94.0% |
| 1964 | -51.4 % change on previous year | +1384.8% |
| 1965 | -5.03 % change on previous year | -90.2% |
| 1966 | -3.81 % change on previous year | -24.2% |
| 1967 | 20.2 % change on previous year | -630.1% |
| 1968 | -49.18 % change on previous year | -343.4% |
| 1969 | 5.37 % change on previous year | -110.9% |
| 1971 | -97.31 % change on previous year | -1912.5% |
| 1972 | -7.99 % change on previous year | -91.8% |
| 1973 | 9.19 % change on previous year | -215.0% |
| 1974 | -3.45 % change on previous year | -137.5% |
| 1975 | -0.6736 % change on previous year | -80.5% |
| 1976 | 0.9822 % change on previous year | -245.8% |
| 1977 | 0.7958 % change on previous year | -19.0% |
| 1978 | -1.74 % change on previous year | -318.1% |
| 1979 | -0.5145 % change on previous year | -70.4% |
| 1980 | 5.2 % change on previous year | -1110.4% |
| 1981 | 59.61 % change on previous year | +1046.8% |
| 1982 | 3.39 % change on previous year | -94.3% |
| 1983 | 0.8579 % change on previous year | -74.7% |
| 1984 | 5.92 % change on previous year | +589.7% |
| 1985 | 17.44 % change on previous year | +194.7% |
| 1986 | 21.83 % change on previous year | +25.2% |
| 1987 | 15.96 % change on previous year | -26.9% |
| 1988 | 30.59 % change on previous year | +91.7% |
| 1989 | 5.32 % change on previous year | -82.6% |
| 1990 | 76.11 % change on previous year | +1331.6% |
| 1991 | 4.35 % change on previous year | -94.3% |
| 1992 | 3.55 % change on previous year | -18.4% |
| 1993 | 12.87 % change on previous year | +262.5% |
| 1994 | -1.44 % change on previous year | -111.2% |
| 1995 | 92.73 % change on previous year | -6555.5% |
| 1996 | -37.33 % change on previous year | -140.3% |
| 1997 | 75.13 % change on previous year | -301.2% |
| 1998 | -35.61 % change on previous year | -147.4% |
| 1999 | 3.64 % change on previous year | -110.2% |
| 2000 | 18.4 % change on previous year | +405.5% |
| 2001 | 7.86 % change on previous year | -57.3% |
| 2002 | -6.8 % change on previous year | -186.5% |
| 2003 | 16.49 % change on previous year | -342.5% |
| 2004 | 11.81 % change on previous year | -28.4% |
| 2005 | -0.09 % change on previous year | -100.8% |
| 2006 | -3.89 % change on previous year | +4227.8% |
| 2007 | -5.41 % change on previous year | +38.9% |
| 2008 | -1.31 % change on previous year | -75.7% |
| 2009 | 12.92 % change on previous year | -1082.9% |
| 2010 | -10.32 % change on previous year | -179.9% |
| 2011 | 10.22 % change on previous year | -199.0% |
| 2012 | -4.65 % change on previous year | -145.5% |
| 2013 | 4.88 % change on previous year | -204.8% |
| 2014 | -3.51 % change on previous year | -172.0% |
| 2015 | 0.98 % change on previous year | -127.9% |
| 2016 | -1.13 % change on previous year | -215.8% |
| 2017 | -3.59 % change on previous year | +216.1% |
| 2018 | 2.17 % change on previous year | -160.6% |
| 2019 | 1.05 % change on previous year | -51.5% |
| 2020 | -11.71 % change on previous year | -1211.7% |
| 2021 | 1.48 % change on previous year | -112.6% |
| 2022 | 2.32 % change on previous year | +57.2% |
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Falkland Islands changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | +195085.8% | -0.1003 % change on previous year | 195.52 % change on previous year |
| 1932 | -19596.5% | -0.0042 % change on previous year | -0.8347 % change on previous year |
| 1995 | +6555.5% | -1.44 % change on previous year | 92.73 % change on previous year |
| 2006 | -4227.8% | -0.09 % change on previous year | -3.89 % change on previous year |
| 1856 | +2644.8% | -0.1076 % change on previous year | 2.74 % change on previous year |
| 1971 | -1912.5% | 5.37 % change on previous year | -97.31 % change on previous year |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1750s | 0.7286 % change on previous year | 0.7038 % change on previous year | 0.7545 % change on previous year | 9 |
| 1760s | 0.7251 % change on previous year | 0.6978 % change on previous year | 0.7539 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1770s | 0.7247 % change on previous year | 0.6974 % change on previous year | 0.7536 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1780s | 0.7243 % change on previous year | 0.697 % change on previous year | 0.7532 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1790s | 0.7238 % change on previous year | 0.6964 % change on previous year | 0.7527 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1800s | 0.7234 % change on previous year | 0.696 % change on previous year | 0.7523 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1810s | 0.3047 % change on previous year | 0.2567 % change on previous year | 0.6956 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1820s | 0.2603 % change on previous year | 0.2557 % change on previous year | 0.2653 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1830s | 0.2598 % change on previous year | 0.2552 % change on previous year | 0.2648 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1840s | 0.2593 % change on previous year | 0.2547 % change on previous year | 0.2645 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1850s | 0.6175 % change on previous year | -2.66 % change on previous year | 2.74 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1860s | 0.9401 % change on previous year | -0.415 % change on previous year | 2.74 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1870s | 0.1555 % change on previous year | -0.4019 % change on previous year | 0.6077 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1880s | 0.1387 % change on previous year | -0.6764 % change on previous year | 2.13 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1890s | 1.05 % change on previous year | 0.2087 % change on previous year | 3.15 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1900s | -0.7123 % change on previous year | -2.25 % change on previous year | -0.4384 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1910s | -1.64 % change on previous year | -2.15 % change on previous year | -0.6582 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1920s | -1.21 % change on previous year | -2.05 % change on previous year | -0.4729 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1930s | -0.8287 % change on previous year | -1.58 % change on previous year | 0.0489 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1940s | -0.3608 % change on previous year | -1.96 % change on previous year | 0.6635 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1950s | 24.8 % change on previous year | -62.33 % change on previous year | 195.52 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1960s | -9.82 % change on previous year | -58.17 % change on previous year | 66.46 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1970s | -11.19 % change on previous year | -97.31 % change on previous year | 9.19 % change on previous year | 9 |
| 1980s | 16.61 % change on previous year | 0.8579 % change on previous year | 59.61 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1990s | 19.4 % change on previous year | -37.33 % change on previous year | 92.73 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 2000s | 5 % change on previous year | -6.8 % change on previous year | 18.4 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 2010s | -0.3901 % change on previous year | -10.32 % change on previous year | 10.22 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 2020s | -2.64 % change on previous year | -11.71 % change on previous year | 2.32 % change on previous year | 3 |
Countries ranked near Falkland Islands
- 39 Grenada 2.45 % change on previous year compare
- 40 Saint Kitts and Nevis 2.43 % change on previous year compare
- 41 Puerto Rico 2.37 % change on previous year compare
- 43 Uzbekistan 2.32 % change on previous year compare
- 44 Venezuela 2.31 % change on previous year compare
- 45 Panama 2.3 % change on previous year compare
More climate change data for Falkland Islands
- Temperature anomalies by month 0.1045 °C (2026)
- Share of global CO₂ emissions and population 0.0% (2100)
- Summer temperature anomalies 1.07 °C (2026)
- Spring temperature anomalies 0.7062 °C (2026)
- Precipitation anomalies 60.29 millimeters (2025)
- Annual precipitation 681.54 millimeters (2025)
- Precipitation anomalies, annual growth rate 14.44 % change on previous year (2025)
- Autumn temperature anomalies 0.6702 °C (2025)
- Winter temperature anomalies -0.2225 °C (2025)
- Temperature change with respect to a baseline climatology 0.186 (1981)
Frequently asked questions
- What is emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Falkland Islands?
- Emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Falkland Islands was 2.32 % change on previous year in 2022, according to Statizoid (derived).
- What is the highest emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate recorded in Falkland Islands?
- The highest recorded value was 195.52 % change on previous year in 1950.
- What is the lowest emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate recorded in Falkland Islands?
- The lowest recorded value was -97.31 % change on previous year in 1971.
- How does Falkland Islands rank for emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate?
- Falkland Islands ranks 42nd out of 219 countries with data for 2022.
- Is emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate rising or falling in Falkland Islands?
- Over the last ten years it is up 149.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Falkland Islands data come from?
- The figures come from Statizoid (derived), published as part of emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 271 observations, free to reuse under Derived by Statizoid from the sources named on the page.
How this figure is calculated
The year-on-year percentage change in emissions of air pollutants. Computed from consecutive annual observations; years either side of a gap are skipped rather than bridged.
Computed from
- emissions of air pollutants Hoesly et al. (2024) – Community Emissions Data System (CEDS) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
The year-on-year percentage change in emissions of air pollutants. Computed from consecutive annual observations; years either side of a gap are skipped rather than bridged.