Energy — Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5), per square kilometre by country
Energy — Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Countries reporting
186
Highest
84.63 kt per square kilometre
Singapore
Lowest
0.0016 kt per square kilometre
Central African Republic
Median
0.2155 kt per square kilometre
Years covered
63
1961–2023
Data points
10,734
What the numbers show
Energy — Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5), per square kilometre is currently reported for 186 countries. The highest value is 84.63 kt per square kilometre in Singapore; the lowest is 0.0016 kt per square kilometre in Central African Republic.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.2155 kt per square kilometre, and the mean is 1.62 kt per square kilometre.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 54,185.
Over the past decade 121 countries rose and 65 fell. The largest increase was in Laos (up 336.4%), and the largest decrease in Ukraine (down 59.4%).
Energy — Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5), per square kilometre: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Singapore | 84.63 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.5% | rising |
| 2 | Bahrain | 62.2 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.2% | rising |
| 3 | Monaco | 27.41 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 35.1% | falling |
| 4 | Qatar | 12.24 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.2% | volatile |
| 5 | Maldives | 8.12 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 118.4% | volatile |
| 6 | Kuwait | 8.07 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.0% | volatile |
| 7 | Malta | 6.97 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.1% | volatile |
| 8 | Trinidad and Tobago | 6.7 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 27.4% | volatile |
| 9 | Aruba | 5.14 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.4% | volatile |
| 10 | United Arab Emirates | 3.96 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.5% | volatile |
| 11 | Belgium | 2.92 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 12 | Barbados | 2.77 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 32.6% | rising |
| 13 | Luxembourg | 2.71 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 28.1% | falling |
| 14 | Nauru | 2.66 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.1% | falling |
| 15 | Japan | 2.66 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.8% | rising |
| 16 | Israel | 2.56 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.5% | rising |
| 17 | Brunei | 2.51 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.4% | volatile |
| 18 | San Marino | 2.49 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 21.6% | rising |
| 19 | Mauritius | 2.18 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.7% | volatile |
| 20 | Lebanon | 1.94 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.4% | volatile |
| 21 | Germany | 1.62 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 26.3% | falling |
| 22 | Seychelles | 1.46 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 58.1% | volatile |
| 23 | Antigua and Barbuda | 1.46 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.6% | volatile |
| 24 | China | 1.3 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 19.4% | volatile |
| 25 | United Kingdom | 1.28 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 33.4% | falling |
| 26 | Vietnam | 1.13 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 133.3% | volatile |
| 27 | British Virgin Islands | 1.12 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 21.9% | volatile |
| 28 | Czechia | 1.07 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 24.4% | falling |
| 29 | India | 1.04 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 51.1% | volatile |
| 30 | Italy | 1 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.8% | rising |
| 31 | Marshall Islands | 0.9723 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.7% | rising |
| 32 | Poland | 0.933 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.5% | falling |
| 33 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.9188 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.3% | volatile |
| 34 | Malaysia | 0.9158 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.6% | volatile |
| 35 | Andorra | 0.9014 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 13.7% | rising |
| 36 | Bangladesh | 0.8857 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 65.9% | volatile |
| 37 | Grenada | 0.8796 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.9% | volatile |
| 38 | Saint Lucia | 0.828 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.3% | volatile |
| 39 | Switzerland | 0.8235 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 16.7% | rising |
| 40 | Liechtenstein | 0.8046 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 29.8% | flat |
| 41 | Iraq | 0.7287 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 35.9% | volatile |
| 42 | Cyprus | 0.6776 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.7% | volatile |
| 43 | Austria | 0.6674 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.5% | rising |
| 44 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.6603 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.5% | volatile |
| 45 | Serbia | 0.6499 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.7% | falling |
| 46 | Slovakia | 0.6187 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.4% | falling |
| 47 | Denmark | 0.5968 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 39.4% | falling |
| 48 | Jamaica | 0.5947 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.7% | rising |
| 49 | Indonesia | 0.5812 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 101.8% | volatile |
| 50 | Slovenia | 0.5713 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.7% | falling |
| 51 | Palau | 0.569 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.9% | falling |
| 52 | Azerbaijan | 0.5641 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.0% | falling |
| 53 | Philippines | 0.5628 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 70.0% | volatile |
| 54 | United States | 0.558 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.5% | rising |
| 55 | Thailand | 0.5237 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.7% | volatile |
| 56 | France | 0.5195 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.6% | falling |
| 57 | Turkey | 0.5177 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.1% | volatile |
| 58 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.5043 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 59 | Hungary | 0.4851 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.2% | falling |
| 60 | Ireland | 0.4805 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.3% | rising |
| 61 | Dominican Republic | 0.4794 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.5% | volatile |
| 62 | Spain | 0.4368 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.2% | rising |
| 63 | Portugal | 0.423 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.3% | rising |
| 64 | Greece | 0.4025 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 25.9% | rising |
| 65 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0.3918 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.3% | volatile |
| 66 | South Africa | 0.3874 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 10.6% | rising |
| 67 | El Salvador | 0.3828 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 35.5% | volatile |
| 68 | Tuvalu | 0.3767 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.7% | volatile |
| 69 | Saudi Arabia | 0.3378 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.8% | volatile |
| 70 | Estonia | 0.3364 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 36.2% | falling |
| 71 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.3351 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 39.3% | volatile |
| 72 | Croatia | 0.3289 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.7% | falling |
| 73 | Bulgaria | 0.3287 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.6% | falling |
| 74 | Oman | 0.3205 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.3% | volatile |
| 75 | North Macedonia | 0.3174 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.5% | falling |
| 76 | Uzbekistan | 0.3064 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.5% | flat |
| 77 | Sri Lanka | 0.2972 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.3% | volatile |
| 78 | Comoros | 0.2803 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 56.4% | volatile |
| 79 | Romania | 0.2769 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.0% | falling |
| 80 | Belarus | 0.2765 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.5% | falling |
| 81 | Nigeria | 0.2752 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.6% | rising |
| 82 | Tonga | 0.2669 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 65.4% | volatile |
| 83 | Egypt | 0.2625 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.8% | volatile |
| 84 | Mexico | 0.2571 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 1.0% | rising |
| 85 | Haiti | 0.2478 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.2% | rising |
| 86 | Pakistan | 0.2477 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 15.1% | volatile |
| 87 | Armenia | 0.2391 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.0% | rising |
| 88 | Ukraine | 0.2329 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 59.4% | falling |
| 89 | Jordan | 0.2322 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.9% | volatile |
| 90 | Bahamas | 0.2274 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.9% | volatile |
| 91 | Dominica | 0.2205 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.3% | volatile |
| 92 | Tunisia | 0.2178 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.4% | volatile |
| 93 | Ecuador | 0.2173 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.4% | volatile |
| 94 | Cuba | 0.2137 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 20.6% | rising |
| 95 | Lithuania | 0.2116 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.2% | falling |
| 96 | Guatemala | 0.2066 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 53.6% | volatile |
| 97 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.1952 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.5% | volatile |
| 98 | Montenegro | 0.1876 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.6% | rising |
| 99 | Panama | 0.1819 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.8% | volatile |
| 100 | Costa Rica | 0.1805 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.4% | volatile |
| 101 | Syria | 0.1732 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 8.5% | volatile |
| 102 | Moldova | 0.1703 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.7% | volatile |
| 103 | Turkmenistan | 0.1677 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.9% | rising |
| 104 | Albania | 0.1616 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 0.8% | falling |
| 105 | Morocco | 0.151 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.9% | volatile |
| 106 | Russia | 0.1407 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.4% | rising |
| 107 | Rwanda | 0.1364 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.8% | rising |
| 108 | Georgia | 0.1342 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.4% | rising |
| 109 | Ghana | 0.1275 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 48.4% | volatile |
| 110 | New Zealand | 0.1271 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.9% | rising |
| 111 | Norway | 0.117 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 30.9% | rising |
| 112 | Nepal | 0.1145 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 84.3% | volatile |
| 113 | Chile | 0.1103 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 5.3% | rising |
| 114 | Finland | 0.1101 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 33.6% | rising |
| 115 | Honduras | 0.1099 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.0% | volatile |
| 116 | Colombia | 0.1047 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.6% | rising |
| 117 | Burundi | 0.1026 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.2% | rising |
| 118 | Kazakhstan | 0.0983 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 9.4% | rising |
| 119 | Lesotho | 0.098 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.2% | volatile |
| 120 | Gambia | 0.0979 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.5% | volatile |
| 121 | Uganda | 0.0957 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 77.1% | volatile |
| 122 | Algeria | 0.0953 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.3% | rising |
| 123 | Samoa | 0.0943 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.1% | volatile |
| 124 | Latvia | 0.0941 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.2% | falling |
| 125 | Eswatini | 0.0926 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 12.7% | rising |
| 126 | Cambodia | 0.0923 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 127.4% | volatile |
| 127 | Togo | 0.088 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.4% | volatile |
| 128 | Laos | 0.0875 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 336.4% | volatile |
| 129 | Kiribati | 0.0872 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 32.5% | rising |
| 130 | Benin | 0.0864 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 55.4% | volatile |
| 131 | Sweden | 0.0788 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 30.5% | falling |
| 132 | Gabon | 0.0766 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 7.0% | rising |
| 133 | Argentina | 0.0745 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 134 | Canada | 0.0726 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 135 | East Timor | 0.0614 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 29.9% | volatile |
| 136 | Myanmar | 0.06 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 125.0% | volatile |
| 137 | Congo | 0.0596 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.9% | volatile |
| 138 | Cote d'Ivoire | 0.0596 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.8% | volatile |
| 139 | Fiji | 0.0589 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 140 | Kenya | 0.0574 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 56.5% | volatile |
| 141 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.0573 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.1% | rising |
| 142 | Senegal | 0.057 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 46.7% | volatile |
| 143 | Brazil | 0.0561 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 7.3% | rising |
| 144 | Nicaragua | 0.0552 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 36.7% | rising |
| 145 | Australia | 0.0541 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 2.4% | rising |
| 146 | Libya | 0.0525 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 48.5% | rising |
| 147 | Uruguay | 0.0477 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.1% | rising |
| 148 | Tajikistan | 0.047 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 102.9% | rising |
| 149 | Peru | 0.0469 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 39.1% | rising |
| 150 | Malawi | 0.0448 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.7% | volatile |
| 151 | Sierra Leone | 0.0427 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 152 | Mongolia | 0.0421 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.8% | volatile |
| 153 | Bhutan | 0.0392 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 27.3% | volatile |
| 154 | Cameroon | 0.0384 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.4% | volatile |
| 155 | Zimbabwe | 0.0369 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.5% | rising |
| 156 | Ethiopia | 0.0352 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 50.1% | rising |
| 157 | Angola | 0.035 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.1% | volatile |
| 158 | Belize | 0.0336 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 59.2% | volatile |
| 159 | Iceland | 0.0307 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 46.8% | rising |
| 160 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.0298 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.6% | rising |
| 161 | Yemen | 0.0284 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 57.4% | volatile |
| 162 | Burkina Faso | 0.0277 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.5% | volatile |
| 163 | Liberia | 0.0275 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 11.1% | rising |
| 164 | Mozambique | 0.0249 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 64.7% | volatile |
| 165 | Guinea | 0.0247 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 33.5% | rising |
| 166 | Paraguay | 0.0237 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 42.3% | volatile |
| 167 | Djibouti | 0.0229 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.6% | rising |
| 168 | Afghanistan | 0.0221 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 35.9% | volatile |
| 169 | Papua New Guinea | 0.0217 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 56.0% | volatile |
| 170 | Suriname | 0.0217 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 171 | Guyana | 0.0206 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 104.8% | rising |
| 172 | Zambia | 0.0204 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 72.2% | rising |
| 173 | Vanuatu | 0.0182 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 81.8% | volatile |
| 174 | Madagascar | 0.0167 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 34.1% | volatile |
| 175 | Sudan | 0.0165 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 36.0% | rising |
| 176 | Botswana | 0.0143 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 18.9% | volatile |
| 177 | Solomon Islands | 0.0115 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.7% | volatile |
| 178 | Eritrea | 0.0114 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.8% | falling |
| 179 | Somalia | 0.0095 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 10.0% | volatile |
| 180 | South Sudan | 0.0063 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.1% | flat |
| 181 | Namibia | 0.0057 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 63.1% | volatile |
| 182 | Mali | 0.0054 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 78.6% | volatile |
| 183 | Chad | 0.0049 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 21.2% | volatile |
| 184 | Mauritania | 0.0045 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 56.3% | volatile |
| 185 | Niger | 0.0034 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 30.8% | volatile |
| 186 | Central African Republic | 0.0016 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.3% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- World 0.2989 kt per square kilometre
How this figure is calculated
Energy — Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Energy — Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5) ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Energy — Emissions (CO2eq) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Energy — Emissions (CO2eq) (AR5) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.