Greenhouse gas emissions by gas in Madagascar
Madagascar: Greenhouse gas emissions by gas was 7.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2024)
7.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
Change on year
down 0.2%
World rank
70th
of 201 countries
All-time high
8.28 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
in 2016
All-time low
343,866 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
in 1850
Years of data
175
1850–2024
Greenhouse gas emissions by gas in Madagascar, 1850–2024
Source: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes of CO₂ equivalents.
Analysis
Madagascar recorded 7.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents for greenhouse gas emissions by gas in 2024.
That represents a change of down 0.2% on the previous year and down 8.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, greenhouse gas emissions by gas in Madagascar peaked at 8.28 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in 2016 and was at its lowest, 343,866 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents, in 1850.
Madagascar ranks 70th of 201 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Greenhouse gas emissions by gas in Madagascar, year by year
| Year | tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 343,866 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | — |
| 1851 | 350,895 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.0% |
| 1852 | 357,745 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.0% |
| 1853 | 364,308 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.8% |
| 1854 | 370,474 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.7% |
| 1855 | 376,131 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.5% |
| 1856 | 381,171 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.3% |
| 1857 | 385,483 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1858 | 388,958 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.9% |
| 1859 | 391,485 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.6% |
| 1860 | 392,955 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.4% |
| 1861 | 393,759 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.2% |
| 1862 | 394,394 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.2% |
| 1863 | 394,904 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.1% |
| 1864 | 395,331 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.1% |
| 1865 | 395,719 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.1% |
| 1866 | 396,112 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.1% |
| 1867 | 396,554 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.1% |
| 1868 | 397,088 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.1% |
| 1869 | 397,757 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.2% |
| 1870 | 398,606 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.2% |
| 1871 | 405,145 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.6% |
| 1872 | 421,364 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.0% |
| 1873 | 445,019 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.6% |
| 1874 | 473,869 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +6.5% |
| 1875 | 505,672 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +6.7% |
| 1876 | 538,188 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +6.4% |
| 1877 | 569,172 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.8% |
| 1878 | 596,385 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.8% |
| 1879 | 617,584 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.6% |
| 1880 | 630,527 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.1% |
| 1881 | 637,925 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.2% |
| 1882 | 644,143 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.0% |
| 1883 | 649,418 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.8% |
| 1884 | 653,987 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.7% |
| 1885 | 658,088 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.6% |
| 1886 | 661,957 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.6% |
| 1887 | 665,833 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.6% |
| 1888 | 669,953 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.6% |
| 1889 | 674,553 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.7% |
| 1890 | 708,844 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.1% |
| 1891 | 715,614 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.0% |
| 1892 | 722,721 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.0% |
| 1893 | 730,151 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.0% |
| 1894 | 737,891 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1895 | 745,928 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1896 | 754,248 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1897 | 762,839 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1898 | 771,686 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.2% |
| 1899 | 780,777 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.2% |
| 1900 | 790,097 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.2% |
| 1901 | 799,298 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.2% |
| 1902 | 808,224 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1903 | 817,149 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1904 | 826,352 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1905 | 836,106 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.2% |
| 1906 | 846,690 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.3% |
| 1907 | 858,379 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.4% |
| 1908 | 871,448 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.5% |
| 1909 | 886,175 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.7% |
| 1910 | 902,835 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.9% |
| 1911 | 927,197 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.7% |
| 1912 | 963,443 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.9% |
| 1913 | 1.01 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.8% |
| 1914 | 1.06 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.3% |
| 1915 | 1.12 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.6% |
| 1916 | 1.19 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.6% |
| 1917 | 1.25 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.4% |
| 1918 | 1.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.1% |
| 1919 | 1.37 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.6% |
| 1920 | 1.43 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.1% |
| 1921 | 1.49 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.0% |
| 1922 | 1.55 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.3% |
| 1923 | 1.62 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.4% |
| 1924 | 1.69 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.3% |
| 1925 | 1.75 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.0% |
| 1926 | 1.82 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.5% |
| 1927 | 1.87 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.0% |
| 1928 | 1.91 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.3% |
| 1929 | 1.94 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.5% |
| 1930 | 1.95 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.6% |
| 1931 | 1.95 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.3% |
| 1932 | 1.93 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.0% |
| 1933 | 1.90 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.5% |
| 1934 | 1.87 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.8% |
| 1935 | 1.83 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.1% |
| 1936 | 1.79 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.1% |
| 1937 | 1.75 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.9% |
| 1938 | 1.73 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.6% |
| 1939 | 1.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.0% |
| 1940 | 1.70 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.3% |
| 1941 | 1.87 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +10.0% |
| 1942 | 2.33 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +24.3% |
| 1943 | 3.00 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +28.8% |
| 1944 | 3.82 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +27.2% |
| 1945 | 4.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +23.3% |
| 1946 | 5.60 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +18.9% |
| 1947 | 6.42 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +14.7% |
| 1948 | 7.10 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +10.6% |
| 1949 | 7.58 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +6.7% |
| 1950 | 7.77 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.5% |
| 1951 | 7.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.7% |
| 1952 | 7.51 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.6% |
| 1953 | 7.21 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -4.1% |
| 1954 | 6.83 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -5.2% |
| 1955 | 6.42 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -6.0% |
| 1956 | 6.00 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -6.4% |
| 1957 | 5.63 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -6.3% |
| 1958 | 5.32 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -5.4% |
| 1959 | 5.12 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -3.7% |
| 1960 | 5.07 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.1% |
| 1961 | 5.18 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.2% |
| 1962 | 5.42 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.7% |
| 1963 | 5.45 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.5% |
| 1964 | 5.48 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.6% |
| 1965 | 5.61 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.4% |
| 1966 | 6.02 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +7.2% |
| 1967 | 6.08 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.0% |
| 1968 | 6.15 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1969 | 6.01 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.3% |
| 1970 | 6.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +8.8% |
| 1971 | 5.16 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -21.0% |
| 1972 | 5.38 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.2% |
| 1973 | 5.57 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.5% |
| 1974 | 5.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.8% |
| 1975 | 5.78 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.8% |
| 1976 | 5.64 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.6% |
| 1977 | 5.94 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.3% |
| 1978 | 6.49 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +9.3% |
| 1979 | 7.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +8.3% |
| 1980 | 6.79 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -3.4% |
| 1981 | 6.63 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.4% |
| 1982 | 7.01 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.8% |
| 1983 | 7.06 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.7% |
| 1984 | 6.69 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -5.3% |
| 1985 | 6.58 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.6% |
| 1986 | 6.57 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.2% |
| 1987 | 7.18 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +9.3% |
| 1988 | 6.70 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -6.7% |
| 1989 | 6.60 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.4% |
| 1990 | 7.17 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +8.6% |
| 1991 | 7.23 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.8% |
| 1992 | 7.30 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.9% |
| 1993 | 7.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.2% |
| 1994 | 7.27 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.5% |
| 1995 | 7.36 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.2% |
| 1996 | 7.53 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.2% |
| 1997 | 7.14 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -5.2% |
| 1998 | 7.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.6% |
| 1999 | 7.33 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.8% |
| 2000 | 7.17 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.2% |
| 2001 | 6.77 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -5.6% |
| 2002 | 5.97 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -11.8% |
| 2003 | 7.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +17.8% |
| 2004 | 6.25 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -11.1% |
| 2005 | 7.85 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +25.5% |
| 2006 | 7.17 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -8.6% |
| 2007 | 7.88 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +9.8% |
| 2008 | 7.22 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -8.4% |
| 2009 | 7.60 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.3% |
| 2010 | 7.55 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.7% |
| 2011 | 7.62 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.9% |
| 2012 | 7.84 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.9% |
| 2013 | 7.67 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.1% |
| 2014 | 7.64 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.3% |
| 2015 | 7.75 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.4% |
| 2016 | 8.28 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +6.8% |
| 2017 | 7.85 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -5.2% |
| 2018 | 7.11 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -9.3% |
| 2019 | 7.28 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.4% |
| 2020 | 7.24 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.6% |
| 2021 | 7.14 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.3% |
| 2022 | 7.21 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.0% |
| 2023 | 7.04 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.3% |
| 2024 | 7.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.2% |
Madagascar compared with similar countries
- Madagascar's 7.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents is above the median for low income countries, which is 6.15 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents, 1.1× the median. (25 countries reporting)
- Madagascar's 7.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents is above the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 5.84 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents, 1.2× the median. (48 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Greenhouse gas emissions by gas in Madagascar changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1943 | +28.8% | 2.33 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 3.00 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents |
| 1944 | +27.2% | 3.00 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 3.82 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents |
| 2005 | +25.5% | 6.25 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 7.85 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1850s | 371,052 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 343,866 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 391,485 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1860s | 395,457 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 392,955 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 397,757 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1870s | 497,100 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 398,606 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 617,584 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1880s | 654,638 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 630,527 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 674,553 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1890s | 743,070 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 708,844 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 780,777 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1900s | 833,992 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 790,097 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 886,175 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1910s | 1.11 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 902,835 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.37 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1920s | 1.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.43 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.94 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1930s | 1.84 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.95 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1940s | 4.41 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.70 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 7.58 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1950s | 6.55 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 5.12 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 7.77 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1960s | 5.65 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 5.07 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 6.15 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1970s | 5.90 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 5.16 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 7.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1980s | 6.78 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 6.57 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 7.18 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1990s | 7.33 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 7.14 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 7.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 2000s | 7.09 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 5.97 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 7.88 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 2010s | 7.66 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 7.11 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 8.28 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 2020s | 7.13 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 7.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 7.24 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 5 |
Countries ranked near Madagascar
- 67 Chile 7.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents compare
- 68 Turkmenistan 7.20 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents compare
- 69 Iraq 7.05 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents compare
- 71 Nepal 6.98 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents compare
- 72 Ghana 6.77 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents compare
- 73 Czechia 6.69 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents compare
More climate change data for Madagascar
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 36.84 million kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 23,568 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 7,815 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 15,753 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 29.49 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 562.62 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 9,018 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 880.86 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 8,138 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 3.32 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is greenhouse gas emissions by gas in Madagascar?
- Greenhouse gas emissions by gas in Madagascar was 7.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in 2024, according to Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest greenhouse gas emissions by gas recorded in Madagascar?
- The highest recorded value was 8.28 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in 2016.
- What is the lowest greenhouse gas emissions by gas recorded in Madagascar?
- The lowest recorded value was 343,866 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in 1850.
- How does Madagascar rank for greenhouse gas emissions by gas?
- Madagascar ranks 70th out of 201 countries with data for 2024.
- Is greenhouse gas emissions by gas rising or falling in Madagascar?
- Over the last ten years it is down 8.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Madagascar data come from?
- The figures come from Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Greenhouse gas emissions by gas. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 175 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalents over a 100-year timescale.