IPCC Agriculture — Emissions per area of agricultural land by country
The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions indicators disseminates indicators on sectoral shares of total national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as well as three indicators of emissions intensity: per capita emissions; emissions per value of agricultural production; and emissions per area of agricultural land.
Countries reporting
186
Highest
24.36 t CO2eq/ha
Singapore
Lowest
0 t CO2eq/ha
Turks and Caicos Islands
Median
1.65 t CO2eq/ha
Years covered
34
1990–2023
Data points
7,974
What the numbers show
IPCC Agriculture — Emissions per area of agricultural land is currently reported for 186 countries. The highest value is 24.36 t CO2eq/ha in Singapore; the lowest is 0 t CO2eq/ha in Turks and Caicos Islands.
The median across all reporting countries is 1.65 t CO2eq/ha, and the mean is 2.42 t CO2eq/ha.
Over the past decade 101 countries rose and 78 fell. The largest increase was in Tokelau (up 132.1%), and the largest decrease in Palau (down 75.0%).
IPCC Agriculture — Emissions per area of agricultural land: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Singapore | 24.36 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 7.7% | rising |
| 2 | China, Hong Kong SAR | 12.63 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 17.2% | rising |
| 3 | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 10.33 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 5.0% | falling |
| 4 | Republic of Korea | 9.8 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 17.6% | rising |
| 5 | Bangladesh | 9.64 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 6 | Malta | 9.26 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 2.2% | falling |
| 7 | Suriname | 8.89 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 10.4% | flat |
| 8 | Qatar | 8.59 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 84.7% | volatile |
| 9 | Belgium-Luxembourg | 8.44 t CO2eq/ha | 1999 | down 4.7% | falling |
| 10 | Brunei Darussalam | 8.06 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 5.2% | rising |
| 11 | Cook Islands | 6.89 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 26.6% | rising |
| 12 | Belgium | 6.58 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 11.0% | falling |
| 12 | Türkiye | 1.42 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 23.5% | rising |
| 13 | Pakistan | 6.48 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 36.4% | rising |
| 14 | Egypt | 5.98 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 28.1% | falling |
| 15 | Barbados | 5.88 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 22.8% | rising |
| 16 | United Arab Emirates | 5.77 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 19.5% | rising |
| 17 | Nepal | 5.58 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 13.8% | rising |
| 18 | Ireland | 5.57 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 2.8% | flat |
| 19 | Bahrain | 5.43 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 18.8% | rising |
| 20 | Norway | 5.24 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 0.4% | flat |
| 21 | Philippines | 5.18 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 0.2% | rising |
| 22 | China, Taiwan Province of | 5.01 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 10.9% | falling |
| 23 | Trinidad and Tobago | 4.99 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 4.6% | rising |
| 24 | Japan | 4.94 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 0.6% | falling |
| 25 | Myanmar | 4.7 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 23.8% | rising |
| 26 | Luxembourg | 4.64 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 7.6% | flat |
| 27 | India | 4.53 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 10.8% | rising |
| 28 | New Zealand | 4.17 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 29 | Cambodia | 4.16 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 30 | Tuvalu | 4.13 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 31 | Switzerland | 3.83 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 3.3% | falling |
| 32 | Nauru | 3.8 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 33 | Denmark | 3.79 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 6.7% | falling |
| 34 | Dominican Republic | 3.75 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 0.5% | rising |
| 35 | Kuwait | 3.73 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 39.2% | rising |
| 36 | Seychelles | 3.7 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 48.0% | rising |
| 37 | Thailand | 3.69 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 4.2% | flat |
| 38 | Ethiopia | 3.54 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 26.0% | rising |
| 39 | Saint Lucia | 3.5 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 40 | Costa Rica | 3.35 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 53.7% | rising |
| 41 | Germany | 3.29 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 16.3% | falling |
| 42 | Grenada | 3.26 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 23.0% | rising |
| 43 | Samoa | 3.07 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 10.5% | flat |
| 44 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 2.95 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 0.7% | falling |
| 45 | Belarus | 2.93 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 3.9% | flat |
| 46 | Finland | 2.81 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 4.7% | falling |
| 47 | Indonesia | 2.8 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 0.7% | flat |
| 47 | Israel | 2.8 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 49 | Austria | 2.75 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 3.2% | falling |
| 49 | Guyana | 2.75 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 51 | Central African Republic | 2.74 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 26.9% | flat |
| 52 | Haiti | 2.63 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 18.5% | rising |
| 53 | Slovenia | 2.56 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 5.5% | falling |
| 54 | Nicaragua | 2.55 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 22.0% | rising |
| 55 | Sweden | 2.47 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 3.1% | falling |
| 56 | Brazil | 2.46 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 13.4% | rising |
| 57 | Guatemala | 2.43 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 7.0% | rising |
| 58 | Italy | 2.41 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 0.4% | flat |
| 59 | Tonga | 2.4 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 2.4% | flat |
| 60 | France | 2.37 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 11.9% | falling |
| 61 | Poland | 2.36 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 62 | Antigua and Barbuda | 2.26 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 16.9% | falling |
| 62 | Sri Lanka | 2.26 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 11.7% | falling |
| 64 | Guinea-Bissau | 2.25 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 7.0% | rising |
| 65 | Ecuador | 2.2 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 66 | Cyprus | 2.18 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 37.9% | rising |
| 67 | Estonia | 2.14 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 4.5% | falling |
| 68 | Uganda | 2.13 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 19.7% | rising |
| 69 | Honduras | 2.12 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 70 | Belize | 2.11 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 11.0% | rising |
| 71 | Uruguay | 2.01 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 0.5% | rising |
| 72 | Albania | 1.99 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 27.1% | falling |
| 73 | Tajikistan | 1.98 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 20.7% | rising |
| 74 | Tokelau | 1.95 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 132.1% | rising |
| 75 | Papua New Guinea | 1.9 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 0.5% | falling |
| 75 | Chad | 1.9 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 72.7% | rising |
| 77 | Gambia | 1.85 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 8.4% | rising |
| 77 | Kenya | 1.85 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 23.3% | rising |
| 79 | Colombia | 1.83 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 38.6% | rising |
| 79 | Fiji | 1.83 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 41.2% | falling |
| 79 | El Salvador | 1.83 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 14.5% | falling |
| 82 | Burundi | 1.8 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 48.8% | rising |
| 83 | Lithuania | 1.76 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 11.1% | falling |
| 83 | Malawi | 1.76 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 97.8% | rising |
| 83 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1.76 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 23.8% | falling |
| 86 | Bahamas | 1.71 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 45.2% | falling |
| 86 | Panama | 1.71 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 5.5% | rising |
| 88 | Portugal | 1.7 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 10.5% | falling |
| 88 | Serbia | 1.7 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 17.9% | falling |
| 90 | South Sudan | 1.68 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 3.7% | flat |
| 91 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1.67 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 9.9% | falling |
| 92 | Burkina Faso | 1.66 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 92 | Czechia | 1.66 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 9.3% | falling |
| 94 | Uzbekistan | 1.65 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 36.4% | rising |
| 95 | Rwanda | 1.64 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 7.2% | rising |
| 96 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1.63 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 25.4% | rising |
| 97 | Spain | 1.54 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 97 | Croatia | 1.54 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 8.3% | flat |
| 99 | Dominica | 1.52 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 3.8% | falling |
| 100 | Paraguay | 1.49 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 6.9% | rising |
| 101 | Vanuatu | 1.48 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 43.7% | falling |
| 102 | Latvia | 1.46 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 7.6% | falling |
| 103 | Serbia and Montenegro | 1.45 t CO2eq/ha | 2005 | down 16.2% | falling |
| 104 | Benin | 1.44 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 12.5% | falling |
| 105 | Cuba | 1.43 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 25.5% | falling |
| 105 | Jamaica | 1.43 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 4.7% | falling |
| 107 | Senegal | 1.42 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 13.6% | rising |
| 108 | Azerbaijan | 1.39 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 6.1% | rising |
| 108 | Montenegro | 1.39 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 30.2% | rising |
| 110 | Mauritius | 1.38 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 9.8% | flat |
| 111 | Oman | 1.36 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 16.2% | rising |
| 112 | Guinea | 1.35 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 18.4% | rising |
| 112 | Hungary | 1.35 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 2.2% | rising |
| 114 | China | 1.33 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 114 | China, mainland | 1.33 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 116 | Jordan | 1.32 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 25.7% | rising |
| 117 | Cameroon | 1.31 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 0.8% | rising |
| 118 | Greece | 1.3 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 12.1% | rising |
| 119 | Slovakia | 1.23 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 7.5% | falling |
| 120 | Nigeria | 1.22 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 15.1% | rising |
| 121 | Malaysia | 1.18 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 16.9% | flat |
| 122 | Canada | 1.17 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 10.4% | rising |
| 122 | Romania | 1.17 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 6.4% | falling |
| 124 | Argentina | 1.15 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 11.7% | rising |
| 125 | Lebanon | 1.13 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 0.9% | rising |
| 125 | Peru | 1.13 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 1.8% | rising |
| 127 | OECD | 1.12 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 7.7% | rising |
| 128 | Mexico | 1.06 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 10.4% | rising |
| 129 | Sierra Leone | 1.04 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 130 | Bulgaria | 1 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 2.0% | falling |
| 130 | Zambia | 1 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 1.0% | rising |
| 132 | Mali | 0.96 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 39.1% | rising |
| 133 | Togo | 0.95 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 23.4% | rising |
| 134 | Chile | 0.92 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 17.9% | rising |
| 135 | Ghana | 0.89 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 15.6% | rising |
| 136 | Bhutan | 0.87 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 16.3% | flat |
| 136 | Georgia | 0.87 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 13.9% | rising |
| 138 | Comoros | 0.86 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 2.4% | falling |
| 139 | Iraq | 0.84 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 15.2% | rising |
| 140 | Sudan (former) | 0.83 t CO2eq/ha | 2011 | up 7.8% | rising |
| 141 | Eswatini | 0.81 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 12.9% | falling |
| 142 | North Macedonia | 0.78 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 27.8% | falling |
| 142 | Niger | 0.78 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 41.8% | rising |
| 144 | Angola | 0.77 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 145 | Zimbabwe | 0.75 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 1.3% | falling |
| 146 | Solomon Islands | 0.72 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 8.9% | falling |
| 147 | Armenia | 0.7 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 30.0% | flat |
| 148 | Sudan | 0.69 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 1.5% | flat |
| 149 | Australia and New Zealand | 0.68 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 38.8% | rising |
| 150 | Eritrea | 0.64 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 4.9% | rising |
| 151 | Madagascar | 0.61 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 7.0% | falling |
| 152 | Australia | 0.59 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 55.3% | rising |
| 152 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.59 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 22.9% | rising |
| 154 | Ukraine | 0.56 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 28.2% | falling |
| 155 | Botswana | 0.55 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 77.4% | falling |
| 156 | Somalia | 0.53 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 1.9% | rising |
| 157 | Lesotho | 0.52 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 18.8% | falling |
| 158 | Morocco | 0.48 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 158 | Russian Federation | 0.48 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 4.3% | falling |
| 160 | Djibouti | 0.45 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 4.7% | flat |
| 161 | Mozambique | 0.44 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 4.3% | flat |
| 161 | Tunisia | 0.44 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 2.2% | rising |
| 163 | Afghanistan | 0.42 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 4.5% | rising |
| 163 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.42 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 165 | Yemen | 0.38 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 5.6% | rising |
| 166 | Iceland | 0.36 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 9.1% | flat |
| 167 | Algeria | 0.33 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 13.8% | rising |
| 167 | Turkmenistan | 0.33 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 167 | South Africa | 0.33 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | unchanged | falling |
| 167 | Niue | 0.33 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 171 | Mongolia | 0.3 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 57.9% | rising |
| 172 | Kiribati | 0.29 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 7.4% | rising |
| 173 | Mauritania | 0.27 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 17.4% | rising |
| 174 | Liberia | 0.25 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 3.8% | rising |
| 175 | Congo | 0.24 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 17.2% | rising |
| 175 | Gabon | 0.24 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 4.0% | rising |
| 175 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.24 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 9.1% | rising |
| 178 | Maldives | 0.23 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 4.5% | volatile |
| 179 | Namibia | 0.21 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 180 | Libya | 0.2 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | unchanged | rising |
| 181 | Kazakhstan | 0.11 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 10.0% | falling |
| 182 | Saudi Arabia | 0.07 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | up 75.0% | rising |
| 183 | Palau | 0.01 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | down 75.0% | volatile |
| 184 | Aruba | 0 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | — | volatile |
| 184 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0 t CO2eq/ha | 2023 | — | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Micronesia (Federated States of) 13.83 t CO2eq/ha
- Southern Asia 3.84 t CO2eq/ha
- Viet Nam 5.98 t CO2eq/ha
- South-Eastern Asia 3.66 t CO2eq/ha
- Lao People's Democratic Republic 5.38 t CO2eq/ha
- Western Europe 3.11 t CO2eq/ha
- Timor-Leste 3.29 t CO2eq/ha
- Northern Europe 3 t CO2eq/ha
- European Union (27) 2.31 t CO2eq/ha
- Polynesia 2.28 t CO2eq/ha
- Small island developing states (SIDS) 2.18 t CO2eq/ha
- Caribbean 2.18 t CO2eq/ha
- United Republic of Tanzania 1.94 t CO2eq/ha
- South America 1.84 t CO2eq/ha
- Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 1.92 t CO2eq/ha
- Southern Europe 1.74 t CO2eq/ha
- Democratic People's Republic of Korea 1.88 t CO2eq/ha
- Cabo Verde 1.46 t CO2eq/ha
- Melanesia 1.74 t CO2eq/ha
- Non-Annex I countries 1.42 t CO2eq/ha
- Asia 1.62 t CO2eq/ha
- Eastern Africa 1.4 t CO2eq/ha
- Americas 1.39 t CO2eq/ha
- World 1.3 t CO2eq/ha
- Europe 1.3 t CO2eq/ha
- Net Food Importing Developing Countries (NFIDCs) 1.3 t CO2eq/ha
- Least Developed Countries (LDCs) 1.29 t CO2eq/ha
- Micronesia 1.2 t CO2eq/ha
- Middle Africa 1.19 t CO2eq/ha
- Central America 1.26 t CO2eq/ha
- Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 0.87 t CO2eq/ha
- Eastern Asia 1.21 t CO2eq/ha
- Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.85 t CO2eq/ha
- Low Income Food Deficit Countries (LIFDCs) 1.15 t CO2eq/ha
- Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.79 t CO2eq/ha
- Annex I countries 1 t CO2eq/ha
- Republic of Moldova 0.59 t CO2eq/ha
- Africa 0.96 t CO2eq/ha
- Syrian Arab Republic 0.51 t CO2eq/ha
- Western Africa 0.92 t CO2eq/ha
About this data
The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions indicators disseminates indicators on sectoral shares of total national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as well as three indicators of emissions intensity: per capita emissions; emissions per value of agricultural production; and emissions per area of agricultural land.