Kaya identity: drivers of CO₂ emissions in Madagascar
Madagascar: Kaya identity: drivers of CO₂ emissions was 4.53 million tonnes in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2024)
4.53 million tonnes
Change on year
up 1.8%
World rank
140th
of 215 countries
All-time high
4.53 million tonnes
in 2024
All-time low
556,779 tonnes
in 1965
Years of data
60
1965–2024
Kaya identity: drivers of CO₂ emissions in Madagascar, 1965–2024
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes.
Analysis
In 2024, kaya identity: drivers of co₂ emissions in Madagascar stood at 4.53 million tonnes. That is the highest value across all 60 years on record.
The figure is up 1.8% on the previous year and up 52.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, kaya identity: drivers of co₂ emissions in Madagascar peaked at 4.53 million tonnes in 2024 and was at its lowest, 556,779 tonnes, in 1965.
Madagascar ranks 140th of 215 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Kaya identity: drivers of CO₂ emissions in Madagascar, year by year
| Year | tonnes | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1965 | 556,779 tonnes | — |
| 1966 | 578,704 tonnes | +3.9% |
| 1967 | 842,482 tonnes | +45.6% |
| 1968 | 912,069 tonnes | +8.3% |
| 1969 | 849,751 tonnes | -6.8% |
| 1970 | 970,663 tonnes | +14.2% |
| 1971 | 1.03 million tonnes | +5.7% |
| 1972 | 1.29 million tonnes | +25.4% |
| 1973 | 1.07 million tonnes | -16.5% |
| 1974 | 1.19 million tonnes | +10.6% |
| 1975 | 1.69 million tonnes | +42.6% |
| 1976 | 992,234 tonnes | -41.4% |
| 1977 | 845,601 tonnes | -14.8% |
| 1978 | 1.02 million tonnes | +20.3% |
| 1979 | 1.13 million tonnes | +11.1% |
| 1980 | 1.61 million tonnes | +42.8% |
| 1981 | 1.02 million tonnes | -36.5% |
| 1982 | 1.01 million tonnes | -1.1% |
| 1983 | 650,391 tonnes | -35.8% |
| 1984 | 866,372 tonnes | +33.2% |
| 1985 | 1.05 million tonnes | +21.5% |
| 1986 | 1.14 million tonnes | +8.0% |
| 1987 | 1.28 million tonnes | +12.8% |
| 1988 | 1.29 million tonnes | +0.3% |
| 1989 | 925,801 tonnes | -28.0% |
| 1990 | 944,296 tonnes | +2.0% |
| 1991 | 1.02 million tonnes | +8.5% |
| 1992 | 1.00 million tonnes | -2.1% |
| 1993 | 1.03 million tonnes | +2.6% |
| 1994 | 1.15 million tonnes | +12.0% |
| 1995 | 1.19 million tonnes | +3.5% |
| 1996 | 1.25 million tonnes | +4.7% |
| 1997 | 1.54 million tonnes | +22.9% |
| 1998 | 1.62 million tonnes | +5.5% |
| 1999 | 1.77 million tonnes | +9.1% |
| 2000 | 1.96 million tonnes | +10.7% |
| 2001 | 1.75 million tonnes | -10.7% |
| 2002 | 1.23 million tonnes | -29.5% |
| 2003 | 1.70 million tonnes | +37.9% |
| 2004 | 1.80 million tonnes | +6.2% |
| 2005 | 1.74 million tonnes | -3.5% |
| 2006 | 1.67 million tonnes | -3.8% |
| 2007 | 1.73 million tonnes | +3.2% |
| 2008 | 1.79 million tonnes | +3.4% |
| 2009 | 1.70 million tonnes | -4.9% |
| 2010 | 1.87 million tonnes | +10.2% |
| 2011 | 2.33 million tonnes | +24.5% |
| 2012 | 2.66 million tonnes | +14.2% |
| 2013 | 3.06 million tonnes | +15.1% |
| 2014 | 2.97 million tonnes | -2.9% |
| 2015 | 3.12 million tonnes | +5.1% |
| 2016 | 3.26 million tonnes | +4.3% |
| 2017 | 3.80 million tonnes | +16.8% |
| 2018 | 3.60 million tonnes | -5.2% |
| 2019 | 4.15 million tonnes | +15.0% |
| 2020 | 3.79 million tonnes | -8.6% |
| 2021 | 4.25 million tonnes | +12.1% |
| 2022 | 4.21 million tonnes | -0.9% |
| 2023 | 4.45 million tonnes | +5.6% |
| 2024 | 4.53 million tonnes | +1.8% |
Madagascar compared with similar countries
- Madagascar's 4.53 million tonnes is above the median for low income countries, which is 3.17 million tonnes, 1.4× the median. (25 countries reporting)
- Madagascar's 4.53 million tonnes is below the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 4.96 million tonnes, 91% of the median. (48 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 747,957 tonnes | 556,779 tonnes | 912,069 tonnes | 5 |
| 1970s | 1.12 million tonnes | 845,601 tonnes | 1.69 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1980s | 1.09 million tonnes | 650,391 tonnes | 1.61 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1990s | 1.25 million tonnes | 944,296 tonnes | 1.77 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2000s | 1.71 million tonnes | 1.23 million tonnes | 1.96 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2010s | 3.08 million tonnes | 1.87 million tonnes | 4.15 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2020s | 4.24 million tonnes | 3.79 million tonnes | 4.53 million tonnes | 5 |
Countries ranked near Madagascar
More climate change data for Madagascar
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 36.84 million kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 23,568 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 7,815 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 15,753 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 29.49 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 562.62 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 9,018 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 880.86 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 8,138 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 3.32 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is kaya identity: drivers of co₂ emissions in Madagascar?
- Kaya identity: drivers of co₂ emissions in Madagascar was 4.53 million tonnes in 2024, according to Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest kaya identity: drivers of co₂ emissions recorded in Madagascar?
- The highest recorded value was 4.53 million tonnes in 2024.
- What is the lowest kaya identity: drivers of co₂ emissions recorded in Madagascar?
- The lowest recorded value was 556,779 tonnes in 1965.
- How does Madagascar rank for kaya identity: drivers of co₂ emissions?
- Madagascar ranks 140th out of 215 countries with data for 2024.
- Is kaya identity: drivers of co₂ emissions rising or falling in Madagascar?
- Over the last ten years it is up 52.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Madagascar data come from?
- The figures come from Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Kaya identity: drivers of CO₂ emissions. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 60 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Annual total emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), excluding land-use change, measured in tonnes.