Per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Madagascar
Madagascar: Per capita greenhouse gas emissions was 1.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2024)
1.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person
Change on year
down 1.0%
World rank
165th
of 199 countries
All-time high
25.08 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person
in 1959
All-time low
1.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person
in 2024
Years of data
175
1850–2024
Per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Madagascar, 1850–2024
Source: Jones et al. (2025); Population based on various sources (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person.
Analysis
In 2024, per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Madagascar stood at 1.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person. That is the lowest value across all 175 years on record.
That represents a change of down 1.0% on the previous year and down 23.6% over ten years.
Over the whole period, per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Madagascar peaked at 25.08 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person in 1959 and was at its lowest, 1.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person, in 2024.
That places Madagascar 165th out of 199 countries with data for 2024, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Madagascar, year by year
| Year | tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 8.87 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | — |
| 1851 | 7.83 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -11.7% |
| 1852 | 7.01 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -10.5% |
| 1853 | 7.11 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.5% |
| 1854 | 7.44 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.6% |
| 1855 | 7.7 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.5% |
| 1856 | 7.4 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.0% |
| 1857 | 6.96 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.9% |
| 1858 | 6.49 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -6.8% |
| 1859 | 6.97 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +7.5% |
| 1860 | 6.74 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.4% |
| 1861 | 6.97 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.4% |
| 1862 | 6.59 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.4% |
| 1863 | 6.46 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.1% |
| 1864 | 6.28 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.7% |
| 1865 | 6.62 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +5.3% |
| 1866 | 7.06 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +6.7% |
| 1867 | 6.55 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -7.3% |
| 1868 | 6.48 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.0% |
| 1869 | 7.08 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +9.3% |
| 1870 | 6.96 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.7% |
| 1871 | 7.19 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.3% |
| 1872 | 7.39 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.7% |
| 1873 | 7.9 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +6.9% |
| 1874 | 7.83 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.9% |
| 1875 | 7.55 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.5% |
| 1876 | 7.44 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.5% |
| 1877 | 7.9 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +6.2% |
| 1878 | 7.63 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.4% |
| 1879 | 7.3 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.3% |
| 1880 | 7.65 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.8% |
| 1881 | 8.13 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +6.2% |
| 1882 | 7.31 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -10.1% |
| 1883 | 7.88 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +7.8% |
| 1884 | 8.58 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +8.9% |
| 1885 | 7.93 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -7.5% |
| 1886 | 8.24 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.8% |
| 1887 | 7.69 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -6.6% |
| 1888 | 7.52 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.3% |
| 1889 | 7.48 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.4% |
| 1890 | 5.83 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -22.1% |
| 1891 | 4.93 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -15.3% |
| 1892 | 4.43 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -10.1% |
| 1893 | 4.04 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -8.9% |
| 1894 | 3.77 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -6.7% |
| 1895 | 3.51 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -7.0% |
| 1896 | 3.26 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -7.0% |
| 1897 | 3.05 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -6.5% |
| 1898 | 2.84 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -7.0% |
| 1899 | 2.65 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -6.6% |
| 1900 | 2.53 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.4% |
| 1901 | 2.53 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.3% |
| 1902 | 2.39 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.4% |
| 1903 | 2.48 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.7% |
| 1904 | 2.52 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.8% |
| 1905 | 2.52 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.2% |
| 1906 | 2.5 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.5% |
| 1907 | 2.4 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.1% |
| 1908 | 2.32 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.6% |
| 1909 | 1.96 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -15.5% |
| 1910 | 2.05 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.7% |
| 1911 | 2.18 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +6.5% |
| 1912 | 2.18 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.2% |
| 1913 | 2.43 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +11.6% |
| 1914 | 2.56 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +5.4% |
| 1915 | 2.61 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.0% |
| 1916 | 2.86 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +9.3% |
| 1917 | 2.94 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.9% |
| 1918 | 2.85 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.0% |
| 1919 | 3.06 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +7.4% |
| 1920 | 8.37 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +173.6% |
| 1921 | 11.23 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +34.2% |
| 1922 | 12.49 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +11.2% |
| 1923 | 13.21 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +5.7% |
| 1924 | 13.6 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.0% |
| 1925 | 14.37 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +5.6% |
| 1926 | 14.7 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.3% |
| 1927 | 15.08 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.6% |
| 1928 | 14.99 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.6% |
| 1929 | 15.66 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.5% |
| 1930 | 16.33 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.3% |
| 1931 | 16.73 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.4% |
| 1932 | 17.05 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.9% |
| 1933 | 16.75 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.7% |
| 1934 | 17.36 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.6% |
| 1935 | 17.23 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.7% |
| 1936 | 16.82 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.4% |
| 1937 | 17.71 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +5.3% |
| 1938 | 19.15 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +8.2% |
| 1939 | 18.15 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.2% |
| 1940 | 20.1 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +10.7% |
| 1941 | 20.91 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.0% |
| 1942 | 21.93 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.9% |
| 1943 | 23.88 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +8.9% |
| 1944 | 22.09 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -7.5% |
| 1945 | 22.46 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.6% |
| 1946 | 23.09 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.8% |
| 1947 | 24.57 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +6.4% |
| 1948 | 23.19 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.6% |
| 1949 | 23.14 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.2% |
| 1950 | 23.19 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.2% |
| 1951 | 23.52 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +1.4% |
| 1952 | 22.83 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.9% |
| 1953 | 22.01 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.6% |
| 1954 | 21.78 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.0% |
| 1955 | 22.74 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.4% |
| 1956 | 23.44 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.1% |
| 1957 | 24.15 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +3.0% |
| 1958 | 24.05 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.4% |
| 1959 | 25.08 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.3% |
| 1960 | 24.05 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.1% |
| 1961 | 17.88 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -25.6% |
| 1962 | 13.12 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -26.6% |
| 1963 | 12.09 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -7.9% |
| 1964 | 10.79 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -10.7% |
| 1965 | 10.54 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.4% |
| 1966 | 9.88 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -6.2% |
| 1967 | 9.76 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.2% |
| 1968 | 9.65 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.1% |
| 1969 | 8.87 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -8.2% |
| 1970 | 8.28 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -6.6% |
| 1971 | 7.88 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.7% |
| 1972 | 7.9 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.1% |
| 1973 | 7.94 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.6% |
| 1974 | 12.48 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +57.1% |
| 1975 | 13.65 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +9.4% |
| 1976 | 11.71 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -14.2% |
| 1977 | 12.29 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +4.9% |
| 1978 | 10.1 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -17.8% |
| 1979 | 8.43 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -16.6% |
| 1980 | 7.66 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -9.1% |
| 1981 | 7.33 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.3% |
| 1982 | 7.3 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.5% |
| 1983 | 6.58 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -9.8% |
| 1984 | 6.4 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.8% |
| 1985 | 6.2 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.1% |
| 1986 | 5.74 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -7.4% |
| 1987 | 5.56 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.2% |
| 1988 | 5.27 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.1% |
| 1989 | 5.29 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.3% |
| 1990 | 4.97 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -6.1% |
| 1991 | 4.89 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.6% |
| 1992 | 5.82 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +19.1% |
| 1993 | 5.75 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.3% |
| 1994 | 6.66 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +15.9% |
| 1995 | 6.14 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -7.7% |
| 1996 | 8.04 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +30.8% |
| 1997 | 9.28 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +15.4% |
| 1998 | 11.79 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +27.2% |
| 1999 | 10.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -7.4% |
| 2000 | 9.23 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -15.5% |
| 2001 | 6.8 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -26.3% |
| 2002 | 5.62 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -17.3% |
| 2003 | 5.11 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -9.1% |
| 2004 | 4.59 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -10.3% |
| 2005 | 4.16 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -9.3% |
| 2006 | 3.93 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.6% |
| 2007 | 3.95 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +0.6% |
| 2008 | 3.6 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -8.9% |
| 2009 | 3.33 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -7.7% |
| 2010 | 3.17 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.6% |
| 2011 | 2.96 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -6.8% |
| 2012 | 2.8 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -5.4% |
| 2013 | 2.77 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.9% |
| 2014 | 2.52 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -9.1% |
| 2015 | 2.58 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | +2.4% |
| 2016 | 2.51 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.6% |
| 2017 | 2.42 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -3.6% |
| 2018 | 2.19 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -9.6% |
| 2019 | 2.15 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.0% |
| 2020 | 2.05 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -4.7% |
| 2021 | 1.99 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.8% |
| 2022 | 1.99 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -0.0% |
| 2023 | 1.94 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -2.2% |
| 2024 | 1.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | -1.0% |
Madagascar compared with similar countries
- Madagascar's 1.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person is below the median for low income countries, which is 1.93 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person, 100% of the median. (25 countries reporting)
- Madagascar's 1.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person is below the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 2.65 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person, 73% of the median. (48 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Madagascar changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1920 | +173.6% | 3.06 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 8.37 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person |
| 1974 | +57.1% | 7.94 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 12.48 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1850s | 7.38 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 6.49 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 8.87 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1860s | 6.68 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 6.28 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 7.08 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1870s | 7.51 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 6.96 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 7.9 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1880s | 7.84 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 7.31 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 8.58 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1890s | 3.83 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 2.65 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 5.83 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1900s | 2.41 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 1.96 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 2.53 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1910s | 2.57 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 2.05 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 3.06 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1920s | 13.37 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 8.37 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 15.66 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1930s | 17.33 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 16.33 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 19.15 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1940s | 22.54 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 20.1 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 24.57 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1950s | 23.28 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 21.78 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 25.08 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1960s | 12.66 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 8.87 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 24.05 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1970s | 10.07 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 7.88 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 13.65 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1980s | 6.33 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 5.27 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 7.66 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 1990s | 7.42 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 4.89 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 11.79 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 2000s | 5.03 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 3.33 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 9.23 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 2010s | 2.61 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 2.15 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 3.17 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.98 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 1.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 2.05 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person | 5 |
Countries ranked near Madagascar
- 162 Tajikistan 2.02 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person compare
- 163 Nepal 1.98 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person compare
- 164 Niger 1.93 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person compare
- 166 Senegal 1.91 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person compare
- 167 Montenegro 1.91 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person compare
- 168 Pakistan 1.89 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person compare
More climate change data for Madagascar
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 36.84 million kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 23,568 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 7,815 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 15,753 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 29.49 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 562.62 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 9,018 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 880.86 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 8,138 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 3.32 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Madagascar?
- Per capita greenhouse gas emissions in Madagascar was 1.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person in 2024, according to Jones et al. (2025); Population based on various sources (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest per capita greenhouse gas emissions recorded in Madagascar?
- The highest recorded value was 25.08 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person in 1959.
- What is the lowest per capita greenhouse gas emissions recorded in Madagascar?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.92 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents per person in 2024.
- How does Madagascar rank for per capita greenhouse gas emissions?
- Madagascar ranks 165th out of 199 countries with data for 2024.
- Is per capita greenhouse gas emissions rising or falling in Madagascar?
- Over the last ten years it is down 23.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Madagascar data come from?
- The figures come from Jones et al. (2025); Population based on various sources (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Per capita greenhouse gas emissions. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 175 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Greenhouse gas emissions are measured in tonnes per person of carbon dioxide-equivalents over a 100-year timescale.