Pre- and post-production — Emissions (CO2eq) from F-gases (AR5), per square kilometre by country
Pre- and post-production — Emissions (CO2eq) from F-gases (AR5) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Countries reporting
189
Highest
2.8 kt per square kilometre
Singapore
Lowest
0 kt per square kilometre
Zambia
Median
0.0054 kt per square kilometre
Years covered
34
1990–2023
Data points
6,302
What the numbers show
Pre- and post-production — Emissions (CO2eq) from F-gases (AR5), per square kilometre is currently reported for 189 countries. The highest value is 2.8 kt per square kilometre in Singapore; the lowest is 0 kt per square kilometre in Zambia.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.0054 kt per square kilometre, and the mean is 0.0534 kt per square kilometre.
Over the past decade 167 countries rose and 22 fell. The largest increase was in Azerbaijan (up 108,684.0%), and the largest decrease in Spain (down 90.6%).
Pre- and post-production: Emissions (CO2eq) from F-gases … square: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Singapore | 2.8 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 23.9% | volatile |
| 2 | Monaco | 1.06 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 25.2% | volatile |
| 3 | Gibraltar | 0.573 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.6% | volatile |
| 4 | Mauritius | 0.5376 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 63.8% | volatile |
| 5 | Malta | 0.4776 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.3% | volatile |
| 6 | Palestine | 0.4738 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 136.3% | volatile |
| 7 | Bahrain | 0.4444 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 8 | Israel | 0.2599 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 88.8% | volatile |
| 9 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.2398 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 10 | Barbados | 0.2382 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 108.1% | volatile |
| 11 | Aruba | 0.212 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 113.7% | volatile |
| 12 | Qatar | 0.2035 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.5% | volatile |
| 13 | Lebanon | 0.1951 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 137.2% | volatile |
| 14 | Kuwait | 0.1621 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.4% | volatile |
| 15 | Bermuda | 0.1579 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.1% | volatile |
| 16 | Haiti | 0.1491 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 128.2% | volatile |
| 17 | Puerto Rico | 0.131 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 86.8% | volatile |
| 18 | United States Virgin Islands | 0.1077 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 101.5% | volatile |
| 19 | Cayman Islands | 0.0986 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 128.2% | volatile |
| 20 | San Marino | 0.0964 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.2% | volatile |
| 21 | Switzerland | 0.0811 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 22 | Saint Lucia | 0.0739 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 23 | British Virgin Islands | 0.0722 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 116.9% | volatile |
| 24 | Maldives | 0.0673 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 178.4% | volatile |
| 25 | Italy | 0.0603 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.7% | volatile |
| 26 | Thailand | 0.0486 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6,753.8% | volatile |
| 27 | Belgium | 0.0444 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 22.1% | rising |
| 28 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0.0412 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.9% | volatile |
| 29 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.0397 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 49.7% | volatile |
| 30 | Brunei | 0.038 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 108.3% | volatile |
| 31 | Uganda | 0.0303 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 121.4% | volatile |
| 32 | Dominican Republic | 0.0284 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.8% | volatile |
| 33 | Andorra | 0.028 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 13.3% | volatile |
| 34 | Seychelles | 0.0278 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 85.0% | volatile |
| 35 | France | 0.0262 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 17.8% | volatile |
| 36 | Czechia | 0.0235 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 40.3% | volatile |
| 37 | East Timor | 0.0225 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 166.8% | volatile |
| 38 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.0212 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 126.5% | volatile |
| 39 | Syria | 0.0201 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 131.0% | volatile |
| 40 | Vietnam | 0.0189 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 143.9% | volatile |
| 41 | United Kingdom | 0.0176 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 27.6% | volatile |
| 42 | Malaysia | 0.0165 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 103.0% | volatile |
| 43 | Philippines | 0.0154 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 125.2% | rising |
| 44 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.0151 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 49.0% | volatile |
| 45 | Japan | 0.0151 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 43.1% | volatile |
| 46 | Bangladesh | 0.015 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.6% | volatile |
| 47 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0.0147 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 132.3% | volatile |
| 48 | India | 0.0142 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 87.9% | volatile |
| 49 | Bahamas | 0.0141 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 122.3% | volatile |
| 50 | Greece | 0.0139 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 25.5% | volatile |
| 51 | Serbia | 0.0138 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 3.9% | rising |
| 52 | Hungary | 0.0137 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.8% | volatile |
| 53 | Azerbaijan | 0.0135 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 108,684.0% | volatile |
| 54 | Liechtenstein | 0.0133 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 25.6% | volatile |
| 55 | North Macedonia | 0.0131 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 84.0% | volatile |
| 56 | Portugal | 0.0127 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 29.1% | volatile |
| 57 | Gambia | 0.0124 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 149.4% | volatile |
| 58 | Austria | 0.0123 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 17.6% | volatile |
| 59 | Isle of Man | 0.012 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 23.3% | volatile |
| 60 | China | 0.011 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 43.3% | volatile |
| 61 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.0108 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 3.7% | volatile |
| 62 | El Salvador | 0.0106 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 46.4% | volatile |
| 63 | Togo | 0.0098 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 64 | Panama | 0.0093 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 140.2% | volatile |
| 65 | Jamaica | 0.0091 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.9% | volatile |
| 66 | Lesotho | 0.0089 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 127.6% | volatile |
| 67 | Grenada | 0.0086 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 12.8% | rising |
| 68 | Eswatini | 0.0085 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 130.7% | volatile |
| 69 | Fiji | 0.0084 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 70 | Yemen | 0.0083 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 131.3% | volatile |
| 71 | Turkey | 0.0082 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.1% | volatile |
| 72 | Laos | 0.008 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 158.3% | volatile |
| 73 | Montenegro | 0.0078 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 74 | Germany | 0.0077 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 32.3% | rising |
| 75 | United Arab Emirates | 0.0077 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 28.1% | rising |
| 76 | Nepal | 0.0076 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 133.1% | volatile |
| 77 | Burundi | 0.0075 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 78 | Moldova | 0.0074 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 72.5% | volatile |
| 79 | Slovakia | 0.0072 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 5.0% | volatile |
| 80 | Armenia | 0.007 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 114.0% | volatile |
| 81 | Tunisia | 0.007 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 82 | Albania | 0.007 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 50.4% | volatile |
| 83 | Slovenia | 0.0066 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.4% | volatile |
| 84 | United States | 0.0065 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.4% | volatile |
| 85 | Ireland | 0.0064 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 47.0% | volatile |
| 86 | Rwanda | 0.0064 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 54.9% | volatile |
| 87 | Denmark | 0.0061 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 46.6% | volatile |
| 88 | Equatorial Guinea | 0.006 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 89 | Sri Lanka | 0.006 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 147.6% | volatile |
| 90 | Croatia | 0.0057 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.5% | volatile |
| 91 | Benin | 0.0057 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 92 | Djibouti | 0.0056 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 90.3% | volatile |
| 93 | Cote d'Ivoire | 0.0054 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 94 | Poland | 0.0054 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 68.3% | volatile |
| 95 | Honduras | 0.0054 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 132.6% | volatile |
| 96 | Chile | 0.0053 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 98.3% | volatile |
| 97 | Senegal | 0.005 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 98 | Cyprus | 0.0049 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 70.7% | volatile |
| 99 | Vanuatu | 0.0044 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 186.9% | volatile |
| 100 | Cuba | 0.0044 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 145.2% | volatile |
| 101 | Solomon Islands | 0.0043 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 188.5% | volatile |
| 102 | Jordan | 0.004 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 52.7% | volatile |
| 103 | Lithuania | 0.0038 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.0% | volatile |
| 104 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.0036 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 140.8% | volatile |
| 105 | Costa Rica | 0.0035 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 48.1% | volatile |
| 106 | Egypt | 0.0034 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 24.6% | rising |
| 107 | Colombia | 0.0033 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 125.7% | volatile |
| 108 | Mexico | 0.0032 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 76.9% | volatile |
| 109 | Guatemala | 0.0031 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 111.4% | volatile |
| 110 | Malawi | 0.0031 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 111 | New Zealand | 0.0029 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 1.0% | volatile |
| 112 | Faroe Islands | 0.0029 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 21.3% | rising |
| 113 | Romania | 0.0028 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 53.2% | volatile |
| 114 | Estonia | 0.0027 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 6.4% | volatile |
| 115 | South Africa | 0.0025 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 31.0% | volatile |
| 116 | New Caledonia | 0.0025 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 142.1% | volatile |
| 117 | Guinea | 0.0025 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 118 | Burkina Faso | 0.0024 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 129.8% | volatile |
| 119 | Cambodia | 0.0023 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 120 | Argentina | 0.0023 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 174.6% | volatile |
| 121 | South Sudan | 0.0023 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 140.0% | rising |
| 122 | Finland | 0.0022 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 19.7% | volatile |
| 123 | Spain | 0.0021 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 90.6% | volatile |
| 124 | Oman | 0.002 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 72.5% | volatile |
| 125 | Luxembourg | 0.002 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 126 | Nicaragua | 0.0019 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 122.3% | volatile |
| 127 | Eritrea | 0.0018 kt per square kilometre | 2011 | up 320.3% | volatile |
| 128 | Bulgaria | 0.0018 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 98.2% | volatile |
| 129 | Brazil | 0.0017 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 55.5% | volatile |
| 130 | Iceland | 0.0015 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.6% | volatile |
| 131 | Pakistan | 0.0015 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 16.2% | rising |
| 132 | Nigeria | 0.0015 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 47.1% | volatile |
| 133 | Georgia | 0.0013 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 57.4% | volatile |
| 134 | Sweden | 0.0012 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 9.3% | rising |
| 135 | Zimbabwe | 0.0012 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 136 | Ukraine | 0.0012 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 260.0% | volatile |
| 137 | Belize | 0.0011 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 137.5% | volatile |
| 138 | Belarus | 0.0011 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 61.9% | volatile |
| 139 | Afghanistan | 0.001 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 140 | Uruguay | 0.0009 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 2,928.0% | volatile |
| 141 | Ecuador | 0.0008 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 48.2% | volatile |
| 142 | Sudan | 0.0008 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | rising |
| 143 | Bhutan | 0.0008 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 132.0% | volatile |
| 144 | Russia | 0.0007 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 147.5% | volatile |
| 145 | Norway | 0.0007 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 49.6% | rising |
| 146 | Latvia | 0.0007 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 39.8% | volatile |
| 147 | Australia | 0.0007 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.2% | volatile |
| 148 | Myanmar | 0.0007 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 26.2% | rising |
| 149 | Canada | 0.0006 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 69.0% | volatile |
| 150 | Peru | 0.0006 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 135.4% | volatile |
| 151 | Botswana | 0.0005 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 152 | Turkmenistan | 0.0005 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 87.5% | volatile |
| 153 | Central African Republic | 0.0005 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 154 | Guyana | 0.0005 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 130.1% | volatile |
| 155 | Suriname | 0.0005 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 156.4% | volatile |
| 156 | Liberia | 0.0005 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 53.7% | volatile |
| 157 | Libya | 0.0005 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 32.5% | volatile |
| 158 | Comoros | 0.0004 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 53.8% | volatile |
| 159 | Papua New Guinea | 0.0004 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 51.7% | volatile |
| 160 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.0004 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 49.4% | volatile |
| 161 | Chad | 0.0003 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 162 | Niger | 0.0003 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 163 | Mali | 0.0003 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 164 | Mozambique | 0.0003 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 144.2% | volatile |
| 165 | Tajikistan | 0.0003 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 52.9% | volatile |
| 166 | Saudi Arabia | 0.0003 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 42.3% | volatile |
| 167 | Morocco | 0.0003 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 337.5% | volatile |
| 168 | Algeria | 0.0003 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 20.9% | rising |
| 169 | Kazakhstan | 0.0002 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 14.5% | volatile |
| 170 | Uzbekistan | 0.0002 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 58.2% | volatile |
| 171 | Sierra Leone | 0.0002 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 54.9% | volatile |
| 172 | Kenya | 0.0002 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 45.5% | volatile |
| 173 | Namibia | 0.0002 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 65.2% | volatile |
| 174 | Ghana | 0.0001 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 50.6% | volatile |
| 175 | Dominica | 0.0001 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 55.0% | volatile |
| 176 | Gabon | 0.0001 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 48.1% | volatile |
| 177 | Mongolia | 0.0001 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 37.9% | volatile |
| 178 | Iraq | 0.0001 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 0.8% | falling |
| 179 | Indonesia | 0.0001 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 18.8% | volatile |
| 180 | Cameroon | 0.0001 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 87.7% | volatile |
| 181 | Angola | 0 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 55.2% | volatile |
| 182 | Congo | 0 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 52.8% | volatile |
| 183 | Madagascar | 0 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 46.4% | volatile |
| 184 | Ethiopia | 0 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 49.3% | volatile |
| 185 | Greenland | 0 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 22.6% | volatile |
| 186 | Mauritania | 0 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 77.3% | volatile |
| 187 | Somalia | 0 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 47.7% | volatile |
| 188 | Paraguay | 0 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | down 32.1% | volatile |
| 189 | Zambia | 0 kt per square kilometre | 2023 | up 51.7% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- World 0.0037 kt per square kilometre
How this figure is calculated
Pre- and post-production — Emissions (CO2eq) from F-gases (AR5) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Pre- and post-production — Emissions (CO2eq) from F-gases (AR5) ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Pre- and post-production — Emissions (CO2eq) from F-gases Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Pre- and post-production — Emissions (CO2eq) from F-gases (AR5) divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.