Rice — Emissions intensity by country
The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions intensities contains analytical data on the intensity of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by agricultural commodity. This indicator is defined as greenhouse gas emissions per kg of product. Data are available for a set of agricultural commodities (e.g. rice and other cereals, meat,...
Countries reporting
127
Highest
11,971 kg CO2eq/kg
China, Hong Kong SAR
Lowest
0.2022 kg CO2eq/kg
Panama
Median
1.65 kg CO2eq/kg
Years covered
63
1961–2023
Data points
9,188
What the numbers show
Rice — Emissions intensity is currently reported for 127 countries. The highest value is 11,971 kg CO2eq/kg in China, Hong Kong SAR; the lowest is 0.2022 kg CO2eq/kg in Panama.
The median across all reporting countries is 1.65 kg CO2eq/kg, and the mean is 152.97 kg CO2eq/kg.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 59,203.
Over the past decade 62 countries rose and 64 fell. The largest increase was in Jamaica (up 15,525.9%), and the largest decrease in Saudi Arabia (down 95.9%).
Rice — Emissions intensity: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China, Hong Kong SAR | 11,971 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 49.5% | volatile |
| 2 | Jamaica | 6,671 kg CO2eq/kg | 2019 | up 15,525.9% | volatile |
| 3 | Zimbabwe | 177.82 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 1,512.6% | volatile |
| 4 | Algeria | 119.76 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 13.6% | volatile |
| 5 | Ukraine | 65.94 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 910.0% | volatile |
| 6 | Mauritius | 49.81 kg CO2eq/kg | 2019 | up 862.2% | volatile |
| 7 | Romania | 29.2 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 366.9% | volatile |
| 8 | Comoros | 26.9 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 2.1% | volatile |
| 8 | Réunion | 1.55 kg CO2eq/kg | 2006 | down 78.1% | volatile |
| 9 | Hungary | 25.14 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 18.8% | rising |
| 10 | France | 20.78 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 9.3% | volatile |
| 11 | Albania | 20.59 kg CO2eq/kg | 1993 | up 227.9% | volatile |
| 12 | Papua New Guinea | 17.75 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 31.6% | volatile |
| 13 | Gambia | 8.63 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 25.1% | rising |
| 14 | Turkmenistan | 8.32 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 43.0% | volatile |
| 15 | Trinidad and Tobago | 7.72 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 24.8% | volatile |
| 16 | Yugoslav SFR | 7.4 kg CO2eq/kg | 1991 | down 24.9% | rising |
| 17 | Angola | 7.02 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 18 | USSR | 5.26 kg CO2eq/kg | 1991 | up 9.0% | falling |
| 19 | Bulgaria | 5.24 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 0.3% | volatile |
| 20 | Mozambique | 4.85 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 21.9% | rising |
| 21 | French Guiana | 4.51 kg CO2eq/kg | 2006 | up 101.6% | volatile |
| 22 | Congo | 4.23 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 13.9% | rising |
| 23 | Spain | 4.05 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 52.3% | falling |
| 24 | Uzbekistan | 3.93 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 23.6% | falling |
| 25 | South Sudan | 3.77 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 16.6% | falling |
| 26 | Micronesia (Federated States of) | 3.76 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 5.2% | falling |
| 27 | Micronesia | 3.76 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 5.2% | falling |
| 28 | Sudan | 3.74 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 153.9% | rising |
| 29 | Solomon Islands | 3.58 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 5.7% | flat |
| 30 | Saudi Arabia | 3.31 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 95.9% | volatile |
| 31 | Eswatini | 3.28 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 8.4% | volatile |
| 32 | Burkina Faso | 3.16 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 8.0% | falling |
| 33 | Morocco | 3.09 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 28.1% | volatile |
| 34 | Mexico | 2.97 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 31.9% | rising |
| 35 | Russian Federation | 2.92 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 14.4% | falling |
| 36 | Sudan (former) | 2.9 kg CO2eq/kg | 2011 | down 47.5% | volatile |
| 37 | Cuba | 2.83 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 11.4% | falling |
| 38 | Greece | 2.76 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 19.5% | falling |
| 39 | Portugal | 2.63 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 8.5% | falling |
| 40 | Italy | 2.51 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 0.8% | falling |
| 41 | Timor-Leste | 2.5 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 43.4% | falling |
| 42 | Philippines | 2.4 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 6.1% | falling |
| 43 | Brunei Darussalam | 2.29 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 36.5% | rising |
| 44 | Iraq | 2.24 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 29.3% | volatile |
| 45 | Guinea | 2.22 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 16.0% | rising |
| 46 | Kyrgyzstan | 2.2 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 29.3% | volatile |
| 47 | Puerto Rico | 2.19 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 95.8% | volatile |
| 48 | Zambia | 2.19 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 12.6% | volatile |
| 49 | Malawi | 2.13 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 63.8% | falling |
| 50 | Somalia | 2.11 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 24.9% | rising |
| 51 | Madagascar | 2.11 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 42.7% | falling |
| 52 | Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 2.08 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 27.0% | falling |
| 53 | Suriname | 2.03 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 11.1% | falling |
| 54 | Gabon | 1.95 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 81.4% | rising |
| 55 | Melanesia | 1.91 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 4.9% | falling |
| 56 | Thailand | 1.9 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 13.6% | falling |
| 57 | North Macedonia | 1.89 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 1.2% | falling |
| 58 | Azerbaijan | 1.76 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 50.4% | volatile |
| 59 | Chad | 1.72 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 36.1% | falling |
| 60 | Ecuador | 1.7 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 22.3% | falling |
| 61 | Dominican Republic | 1.69 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 8.6% | falling |
| 63 | Nigeria | 1.67 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 0.7% | falling |
| 64 | Uganda | 1.67 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 73.4% | falling |
| 65 | Malaysia | 1.65 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 7.1% | falling |
| 66 | Ethiopia | 1.6 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 9.6% | volatile |
| 67 | United Republic of Tanzania | 1.59 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 20.0% | falling |
| 68 | Syrian Arab Republic | 1.57 kg CO2eq/kg | 1996 | unchanged | volatile |
| 69 | Mauritania | 1.56 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 8.5% | volatile |
| 70 | Kazakhstan | 1.51 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 19.2% | falling |
| 71 | Colombia | 1.49 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 15.3% | falling |
| 72 | Fiji | 1.45 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 8.7% | falling |
| 73 | Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 1.45 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 8.9% | falling |
| 74 | Indonesia | 1.37 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 0.2% | falling |
| 75 | Cambodia | 1.35 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 9.5% | falling |
| 76 | Sierra Leone | 1.34 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 21.9% | falling |
| 77 | Argentina | 1.33 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 4.3% | falling |
| 78 | Tajikistan | 1.33 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 21.8% | volatile |
| 79 | Haiti | 1.31 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 7.4% | falling |
| 80 | Guyana | 1.29 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 17.8% | falling |
| 81 | Chile | 1.28 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 2.6% | falling |
| 82 | Myanmar | 1.2 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 3.9% | falling |
| 83 | Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 1.17 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 9.7% | falling |
| 84 | Guinea-Bissau | 1.17 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 17.1% | falling |
| 85 | Pakistan | 1.12 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 8.3% | falling |
| 86 | Burundi | 1.12 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 3.1% | falling |
| 87 | Uruguay | 1.12 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 13.0% | falling |
| 88 | Egypt | 1.1 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 10.6% | falling |
| 89 | China, Taiwan Province of | 1.07 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 11.5% | falling |
| 90 | Viet Nam | 1.04 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 6.0% | falling |
| 91 | Türkiye | 1.03 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 1.3% | falling |
| 92 | Costa Rica | 1.02 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 72.1% | falling |
| 93 | Republic of Korea | 1.01 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 1.2% | falling |
| 94 | Cameroon | 1 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 47.9% | volatile |
| 95 | Australia | 0.999 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 8.4% | falling |
| 96 | Australia and New Zealand | 0.982 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 7.1% | falling |
| 97 | Japan | 0.9646 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 1.1% | falling |
| 98 | Afghanistan | 0.9409 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 18.1% | falling |
| 99 | Sri Lanka | 0.9355 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 0.2% | falling |
| 100 | Honduras | 0.924 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 84.1% | volatile |
| 101 | Peru | 0.9038 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 4.9% | falling |
| 102 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 0.9037 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 19.1% | falling |
| 103 | China | 0.903 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 8.5% | falling |
| 104 | China, mainland | 0.902 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 8.5% | falling |
| 105 | Bhutan | 0.824 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 13.7% | falling |
| 106 | Nepal | 0.8193 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 14.0% | falling |
| 107 | India | 0.7945 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 15.0% | falling |
| 108 | Paraguay | 0.783 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 6.6% | falling |
| 109 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 0.7805 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 5.4% | volatile |
| 110 | Bangladesh | 0.7387 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 5.9% | falling |
| 111 | Niger | 0.7031 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 15.7% | falling |
| 112 | Mali | 0.689 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 11.5% | falling |
| 113 | Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | 0.6825 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 20.5% | falling |
| 114 | Ghana | 0.6049 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 31.7% | falling |
| 115 | Belize | 0.6003 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 20.9% | falling |
| 116 | Senegal | 0.5976 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 2.3% | falling |
| 117 | Brazil | 0.5797 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 0.9% | falling |
| 118 | Rwanda | 0.57 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 28.3% | falling |
| 119 | El Salvador | 0.5544 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 37.0% | falling |
| 120 | Liberia | 0.4986 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 14.6% | falling |
| 121 | Guatemala | 0.4846 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 25.0% | rising |
| 122 | Kenya | 0.453 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 31.0% | rising |
| 123 | Côte d'Ivoire | 0.4221 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 9.2% | falling |
| 124 | Benin | 0.3967 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 18.1% | volatile |
| 125 | Togo | 0.3594 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | up 17.2% | falling |
| 126 | Nicaragua | 0.2489 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 8.6% | falling |
| 127 | Panama | 0.2022 kg CO2eq/kg | 2023 | down 20.2% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- South Africa 50.99 kg CO2eq/kg
- Western Europe 2.57 kg CO2eq/kg
- Southern Africa 2.29 kg CO2eq/kg
- Southern Europe 2.23 kg CO2eq/kg
- European Union (27) 2.22 kg CO2eq/kg
- Europe 1.96 kg CO2eq/kg
- Eastern Africa 1.82 kg CO2eq/kg
- Central African Republic 1.55 kg CO2eq/kg
- Small island developing States (SIDS) 1.54 kg CO2eq/kg
- Eastern Europe 1.44 kg CO2eq/kg
- Africa 1.39 kg CO2eq/kg
- Western Africa 1.34 kg CO2eq/kg
About this data
The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions intensities contains analytical data on the intensity of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by agricultural commodity. This indicator is defined as greenhouse gas emissions per kg of product. Data are available for a set of agricultural commodities (e.g. rice and other cereals, meat, milk, eggs), by country, with global coverage.