Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change in Nepal
Nepal: Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change was 6.75 million tonnes in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2024)
6.75 million tonnes
Change on year
down 15.0%
World rank
61st
of 197 countries
All-time high
45.14 million tonnes
in 1972
All-time low
2.95 million tonnes
in 1859
Years of data
175
1850–2024
Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change in Nepal, 1850–2024
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes.
Analysis
The most recent figure for annual co₂ emissions from land-use change in Nepal is 6.75 million tonnes, measured in 2024.
That represents a change of down 15.0% on the previous year and up 3.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, annual co₂ emissions from land-use change in Nepal peaked at 45.14 million tonnes in 1972 and was at its lowest, 2.95 million tonnes, in 1859.
That places Nepal 61st out of 197 countries with data for 2024, putting it in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change in Nepal, year by year
| Year | tonnes | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 4.09 million tonnes | — |
| 1851 | 3.62 million tonnes | -11.4% |
| 1852 | 3.38 million tonnes | -6.6% |
| 1853 | 3.25 million tonnes | -3.9% |
| 1854 | 3.16 million tonnes | -2.6% |
| 1855 | 3.09 million tonnes | -2.5% |
| 1856 | 3.02 million tonnes | -2.0% |
| 1857 | 3.01 million tonnes | -0.6% |
| 1858 | 2.98 million tonnes | -1.0% |
| 1859 | 2.95 million tonnes | -0.9% |
| 1860 | 2.97 million tonnes | +0.7% |
| 1861 | 2.97 million tonnes | -0.3% |
| 1862 | 2.96 million tonnes | -0.1% |
| 1863 | 3.00 million tonnes | +1.2% |
| 1864 | 3.00 million tonnes | +0.2% |
| 1865 | 3.10 million tonnes | +3.1% |
| 1866 | 3.08 million tonnes | -0.7% |
| 1867 | 3.10 million tonnes | +0.6% |
| 1868 | 3.09 million tonnes | -0.2% |
| 1869 | 3.13 million tonnes | +1.4% |
| 1870 | 4.18 million tonnes | +33.5% |
| 1871 | 4.60 million tonnes | +10.0% |
| 1872 | 4.91 million tonnes | +6.8% |
| 1873 | 5.12 million tonnes | +4.3% |
| 1874 | 5.40 million tonnes | +5.5% |
| 1875 | 5.51 million tonnes | +2.0% |
| 1876 | 5.64 million tonnes | +2.4% |
| 1877 | 5.76 million tonnes | +2.0% |
| 1878 | 5.88 million tonnes | +2.1% |
| 1879 | 5.98 million tonnes | +1.7% |
| 1880 | 4.85 million tonnes | -19.0% |
| 1881 | 4.43 million tonnes | -8.7% |
| 1882 | 4.21 million tonnes | -4.9% |
| 1883 | 4.04 million tonnes | -4.0% |
| 1884 | 3.92 million tonnes | -2.9% |
| 1885 | 3.84 million tonnes | -2.1% |
| 1886 | 3.77 million tonnes | -1.8% |
| 1887 | 3.72 million tonnes | -1.4% |
| 1888 | 3.67 million tonnes | -1.1% |
| 1889 | 3.64 million tonnes | -1.0% |
| 1890 | 3.91 million tonnes | +7.5% |
| 1891 | 4.02 million tonnes | +2.8% |
| 1892 | 4.07 million tonnes | +1.3% |
| 1893 | 4.13 million tonnes | +1.4% |
| 1894 | 4.16 million tonnes | +0.8% |
| 1895 | 4.20 million tonnes | +0.9% |
| 1896 | 4.24 million tonnes | +0.9% |
| 1897 | 4.28 million tonnes | +0.9% |
| 1898 | 4.31 million tonnes | +0.9% |
| 1899 | 4.34 million tonnes | +0.6% |
| 1900 | 7.24 million tonnes | +67.0% |
| 1901 | 8.39 million tonnes | +15.9% |
| 1902 | 9.14 million tonnes | +8.9% |
| 1903 | 9.68 million tonnes | +5.9% |
| 1904 | 10.14 million tonnes | +4.7% |
| 1905 | 10.53 million tonnes | +3.9% |
| 1906 | 10.86 million tonnes | +3.1% |
| 1907 | 11.15 million tonnes | +2.6% |
| 1908 | 11.40 million tonnes | +2.3% |
| 1909 | 11.63 million tonnes | +2.0% |
| 1910 | 14.25 million tonnes | +22.5% |
| 1911 | 14.26 million tonnes | +0.1% |
| 1912 | 15.19 million tonnes | +6.5% |
| 1913 | 15.63 million tonnes | +2.9% |
| 1914 | 16.42 million tonnes | +5.1% |
| 1915 | 15.97 million tonnes | -2.8% |
| 1916 | 17.16 million tonnes | +7.5% |
| 1917 | 17.06 million tonnes | -0.6% |
| 1918 | 17.49 million tonnes | +2.5% |
| 1919 | 16.97 million tonnes | -3.0% |
| 1920 | 15.21 million tonnes | -10.3% |
| 1921 | 14.77 million tonnes | -2.9% |
| 1922 | 14.36 million tonnes | -2.8% |
| 1923 | 13.79 million tonnes | -4.0% |
| 1924 | 13.57 million tonnes | -1.6% |
| 1925 | 13.49 million tonnes | -0.6% |
| 1926 | 13.44 million tonnes | -0.3% |
| 1927 | 13.53 million tonnes | +0.6% |
| 1928 | 13.51 million tonnes | -0.1% |
| 1929 | 13.45 million tonnes | -0.5% |
| 1930 | 12.71 million tonnes | -5.5% |
| 1931 | 12.45 million tonnes | -2.0% |
| 1932 | 12.35 million tonnes | -0.8% |
| 1933 | 12.32 million tonnes | -0.2% |
| 1934 | 12.23 million tonnes | -0.7% |
| 1935 | 12.22 million tonnes | -0.1% |
| 1936 | 12.27 million tonnes | +0.4% |
| 1937 | 12.35 million tonnes | +0.6% |
| 1938 | 12.43 million tonnes | +0.6% |
| 1939 | 12.53 million tonnes | +0.8% |
| 1940 | 12.43 million tonnes | -0.8% |
| 1941 | 12.46 million tonnes | +0.2% |
| 1942 | 12.53 million tonnes | +0.6% |
| 1943 | 12.62 million tonnes | +0.7% |
| 1944 | 12.74 million tonnes | +0.9% |
| 1945 | 12.88 million tonnes | +1.1% |
| 1946 | 13.02 million tonnes | +1.0% |
| 1947 | 13.19 million tonnes | +1.4% |
| 1948 | 13.33 million tonnes | +1.0% |
| 1949 | 13.49 million tonnes | +1.2% |
| 1950 | 17.74 million tonnes | +31.5% |
| 1951 | 16.71 million tonnes | -5.8% |
| 1952 | 20.41 million tonnes | +22.1% |
| 1953 | 18.00 million tonnes | -11.8% |
| 1954 | 18.16 million tonnes | +0.9% |
| 1955 | 17.93 million tonnes | -1.3% |
| 1956 | 18.49 million tonnes | +3.1% |
| 1957 | 17.05 million tonnes | -7.8% |
| 1958 | 17.85 million tonnes | +4.7% |
| 1959 | 15.91 million tonnes | -10.9% |
| 1960 | 15.75 million tonnes | -0.9% |
| 1961 | 16.27 million tonnes | +3.2% |
| 1962 | 17.39 million tonnes | +6.9% |
| 1963 | 16.04 million tonnes | -7.7% |
| 1964 | 16.12 million tonnes | +0.5% |
| 1965 | 16.17 million tonnes | +0.4% |
| 1966 | 18.35 million tonnes | +13.4% |
| 1967 | 17.36 million tonnes | -5.4% |
| 1968 | 17.05 million tonnes | -1.8% |
| 1969 | 36.73 million tonnes | +115.4% |
| 1970 | 24.90 million tonnes | -32.2% |
| 1971 | 38.06 million tonnes | +52.9% |
| 1972 | 45.14 million tonnes | +18.6% |
| 1973 | 35.74 million tonnes | -20.8% |
| 1974 | 31.44 million tonnes | -12.0% |
| 1975 | 29.82 million tonnes | -5.2% |
| 1976 | 28.69 million tonnes | -3.8% |
| 1977 | 28.48 million tonnes | -0.7% |
| 1978 | 27.48 million tonnes | -3.5% |
| 1979 | 25.54 million tonnes | -7.0% |
| 1980 | 22.13 million tonnes | -13.4% |
| 1981 | 21.37 million tonnes | -3.4% |
| 1982 | 20.80 million tonnes | -2.7% |
| 1983 | 20.77 million tonnes | -0.1% |
| 1984 | 20.20 million tonnes | -2.8% |
| 1985 | 20.46 million tonnes | +1.3% |
| 1986 | 19.81 million tonnes | -3.1% |
| 1987 | 19.18 million tonnes | -3.2% |
| 1988 | 18.77 million tonnes | -2.1% |
| 1989 | 18.38 million tonnes | -2.1% |
| 1990 | 17.70 million tonnes | -3.7% |
| 1991 | 17.84 million tonnes | +0.8% |
| 1992 | 17.47 million tonnes | -2.1% |
| 1993 | 17.38 million tonnes | -0.5% |
| 1994 | 18.44 million tonnes | +6.1% |
| 1995 | 15.83 million tonnes | -14.2% |
| 1996 | 14.24 million tonnes | -10.0% |
| 1997 | 12.85 million tonnes | -9.7% |
| 1998 | 19.61 million tonnes | +52.6% |
| 1999 | 13.96 million tonnes | -28.8% |
| 2000 | 19.13 million tonnes | +37.1% |
| 2001 | 18.72 million tonnes | -2.1% |
| 2002 | 19.41 million tonnes | +3.7% |
| 2003 | 22.20 million tonnes | +14.4% |
| 2004 | 21.13 million tonnes | -4.8% |
| 2005 | 21.40 million tonnes | +1.3% |
| 2006 | 19.59 million tonnes | -8.5% |
| 2007 | 18.95 million tonnes | -3.3% |
| 2008 | 18.94 million tonnes | -0.0% |
| 2009 | 17.81 million tonnes | -6.0% |
| 2010 | 17.91 million tonnes | +0.5% |
| 2011 | 14.18 million tonnes | -20.8% |
| 2012 | 10.54 million tonnes | -25.7% |
| 2013 | 7.08 million tonnes | -32.8% |
| 2014 | 6.53 million tonnes | -7.8% |
| 2015 | 10.01 million tonnes | +53.3% |
| 2016 | 11.34 million tonnes | +13.3% |
| 2017 | 10.95 million tonnes | -3.5% |
| 2018 | 8.78 million tonnes | -19.8% |
| 2019 | 9.20 million tonnes | +4.9% |
| 2020 | 9.37 million tonnes | +1.8% |
| 2021 | 9.22 million tonnes | -1.6% |
| 2022 | 8.70 million tonnes | -5.7% |
| 2023 | 7.94 million tonnes | -8.7% |
| 2024 | 6.75 million tonnes | -15.0% |
Nepal compared with similar countries
- Nepal's 6.75 million tonnes is above the median for lower middle income countries, which is 6.54 million tonnes, 1.0× the median. (47 countries reporting)
- Nepal's 6.75 million tonnes is below the median for South Asia, which is 7.15 million tonnes, 94% of the median. (6 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change in Nepal changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1969 | +115.4% | 17.05 million tonnes | 36.73 million tonnes |
| 1900 | +67.0% | 4.34 million tonnes | 7.24 million tonnes |
| 2015 | +53.3% | 6.53 million tonnes | 10.01 million tonnes |
| 1971 | +52.9% | 24.90 million tonnes | 38.06 million tonnes |
| 1998 | +52.6% | 12.85 million tonnes | 19.61 million tonnes |
| 2000 | +37.1% | 13.96 million tonnes | 19.13 million tonnes |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1850s | 3.26 million tonnes | 2.95 million tonnes | 4.09 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1860s | 3.04 million tonnes | 2.96 million tonnes | 3.13 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1870s | 5.30 million tonnes | 4.18 million tonnes | 5.98 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1880s | 4.01 million tonnes | 3.64 million tonnes | 4.85 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1890s | 4.17 million tonnes | 3.91 million tonnes | 4.34 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1900s | 10.02 million tonnes | 7.24 million tonnes | 11.63 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1910s | 16.04 million tonnes | 14.25 million tonnes | 17.49 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1920s | 13.91 million tonnes | 13.44 million tonnes | 15.21 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1930s | 12.39 million tonnes | 12.22 million tonnes | 12.71 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1940s | 12.87 million tonnes | 12.43 million tonnes | 13.49 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1950s | 17.82 million tonnes | 15.91 million tonnes | 20.41 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1960s | 18.72 million tonnes | 15.75 million tonnes | 36.73 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1970s | 31.53 million tonnes | 24.90 million tonnes | 45.14 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1980s | 20.19 million tonnes | 18.38 million tonnes | 22.13 million tonnes | 10 |
| 1990s | 16.53 million tonnes | 12.85 million tonnes | 19.61 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2000s | 19.73 million tonnes | 17.81 million tonnes | 22.20 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2010s | 10.65 million tonnes | 6.53 million tonnes | 17.91 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2020s | 8.39 million tonnes | 6.75 million tonnes | 9.37 million tonnes | 5 |
Countries ranked near Nepal
More climate change data for Nepal
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 14.93 million kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 23,478 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 3,890 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 19,588 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 14.68 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 699.59 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 5,853 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 1,263 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 4,590 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 4.76 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is annual co₂ emissions from land-use change in Nepal?
- Annual co₂ emissions from land-use change in Nepal was 6.75 million tonnes in 2024, according to Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest annual co₂ emissions from land-use change recorded in Nepal?
- The highest recorded value was 45.14 million tonnes in 1972.
- What is the lowest annual co₂ emissions from land-use change recorded in Nepal?
- The lowest recorded value was 2.95 million tonnes in 1859.
- How does Nepal rank for annual co₂ emissions from land-use change?
- Nepal ranks 61st out of 197 countries with data for 2024.
- Is annual co₂ emissions from land-use change rising or falling in Nepal?
- Over the last ten years it is up 3.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Nepal data come from?
- The figures come from Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Annual CO₂ emissions from land-use change. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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CSV · JSON — 175 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂) from land-use change, measured in tonnes.