Consumption-based CO₂ emissions in India
India: Consumption-based CO₂ emissions was 2.54 billion tonnes in 2023. ▲ Rising
Consumption-based CO₂ emissions in India, 1990–2023
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes.
Analysis
In 2023, consumption-based co₂ emissions in India stood at 2.54 billion tonnes. That is the highest value across all 34 years on record.
That represents a change of up 8.7% on the previous year and up 55.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, consumption-based co₂ emissions in India peaked at 2.54 billion tonnes in 2023 and was at its lowest, 583.35 million tonnes, in 1990.
That places India 3rd out of 120 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the top 10%.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 34 years of available data.
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 723.84 million tonnes | 583.35 million tonnes | 922.02 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2000s | 1.13 billion tonnes | 914.37 million tonnes | 1.52 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.90 billion tonnes | 1.57 billion tonnes | 2.27 billion tonnes | 10 |
| 2020s | 2.31 billion tonnes | 2.09 billion tonnes | 2.54 billion tonnes | 4 |
Countries ranked near India
More climate change data for India
- Share of global CO₂ emissions and population 14.8% (2100)
- Population growth 0.9% (2025)
- Population, total 1.46 billion (2025)
- Urban population growth 1.8% (2025)
- Urban population 522.44 million (2025)
- Urban population 35.7% (2025)
- CO₂ emissions per capita vs. GDP per capita 2.2 tonnes per person (2024)
- Cumulative CO₂ emissions 66.07 billion tonnes (2024)
- CO₂ emissions per capita 2.2 tonnes per person (2024)
- CO₂ emissions per capita vs. share of electricity generation from renewables 2.2 tonnes per person (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is consumption-based co₂ emissions in India?
- Consumption-based co₂ emissions in India was 2.54 billion tonnes in 2023, according to Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest consumption-based co₂ emissions recorded in India?
- The highest recorded value was 2.54 billion tonnes in 2023.
- What is the lowest consumption-based co₂ emissions recorded in India?
- The lowest recorded value was 583.35 million tonnes in 1990.
- How does India rank for consumption-based co₂ emissions?
- India ranks 3rd out of 120 countries with data for 2023.
- Is consumption-based co₂ emissions rising or falling in India?
- Over the last ten years it is up 55.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this India data come from?
- The figures come from Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Consumption-based CO₂ emissions. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 34 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Annual consumption-based emissions of carbon dioxide (CO₂), measured in tonnes.