emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Fiji
Fiji: emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate was -1.64 % change on previous year in 2022. ◆ Volatile
emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Fiji, 1751–2022
Source: Statizoid (derived). Measured in % change on previous year.
Analysis
Fiji recorded -1.64 % change on previous year for emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in 2022.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 292.8% on the previous year and up 95.4% over ten years.
Over the whole period, emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Fiji peaked at 66.65 % change on previous year in 2011 and was at its lowest, -35.26 % change on previous year, in 2012.
Fiji ranks 166th of 219 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Fiji, year by year
| Year | % change on previous year | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1751 | 0.5074 % change on previous year | — |
| 1752 | 0.5049 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1753 | 0.5012 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1754 | 0.4997 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1755 | 0.4963 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1756 | 0.4938 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1757 | 0.4914 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1758 | 0.489 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1759 | 0.4856 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1760 | 0.4842 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1761 | 0.504 % change on previous year | +4.1% |
| 1762 | 0.5015 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1763 | 0.499 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1764 | 0.4955 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1765 | 0.4931 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1766 | 0.4916 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1767 | 0.4873 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1768 | 0.4859 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1769 | 0.4826 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1770 | 0.4803 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1771 | 0.5009 % change on previous year | +4.3% |
| 1772 | 0.4975 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1773 | 0.495 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1774 | 0.4926 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1775 | 0.4893 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1776 | 0.4869 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1777 | 0.4845 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1778 | 0.4813 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1779 | 0.4799 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1780 | 0.4767 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1781 | 0.4953 % change on previous year | +3.9% |
| 1782 | 0.4938 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1783 | 0.4905 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1784 | 0.4881 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1785 | 0.4849 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1786 | 0.4825 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1787 | 0.4802 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1788 | 0.4771 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1789 | 0.4748 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1790 | 0.4726 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1791 | 0.4911 % change on previous year | +3.9% |
| 1792 | 0.4878 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1793 | 0.4855 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1794 | 0.4831 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1795 | 0.48 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1796 | 0.4769 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1797 | 0.4754 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1798 | 0.4716 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1799 | 0.4702 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1800 | 0.4664 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1801 | 0.4856 % change on previous year | +4.1% |
| 1802 | 0.4816 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1803 | 0.4793 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1804 | 0.477 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1805 | 0.474 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1806 | 0.471 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1807 | 0.4688 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1808 | 0.4658 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1809 | 0.4637 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1810 | 0.4615 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1811 | 0.5069 % change on previous year | +9.8% |
| 1812 | 0.5036 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1813 | 0.5011 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1814 | 0.4979 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1815 | 0.4947 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1816 | 0.4922 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1817 | 0.4884 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1818 | 0.4867 % change on previous year | -0.3% |
| 1819 | 0.4829 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1820 | 0.4806 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1821 | 0.4984 % change on previous year | +3.7% |
| 1822 | 0.4959 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1823 | 0.492 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1824 | 0.4896 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1825 | 0.4865 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1826 | 0.4835 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1827 | 0.4805 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1828 | 0.4775 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1829 | 0.4752 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1830 | 0.4716 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1831 | 0.4892 % change on previous year | +3.7% |
| 1832 | 0.4855 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1833 | 0.4824 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1834 | 0.4801 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1835 | 0.4765 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1836 | 0.4736 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1837 | 0.4707 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1838 | 0.4678 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1839 | 0.4643 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1840 | 0.4622 % change on previous year | -0.5% |
| 1841 | 0.477 % change on previous year | +3.2% |
| 1842 | 0.4741 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1843 | 0.4712 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1844 | 0.4677 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1845 | 0.4649 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1846 | 0.4621 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1847 | 0.4587 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1848 | 0.456 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1849 | 0.4533 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1850 | 0.45 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1851 | 3.52 % change on previous year | +682.2% |
| 1852 | 3.52 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1853 | 3.52 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1854 | 3.51 % change on previous year | -0.1% |
| 1855 | 3.51 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1856 | 3.51 % change on previous year | -0.1% |
| 1857 | 3.51 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1858 | 3.51 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1859 | 3.51 % change on previous year | -0.1% |
| 1860 | 3.51 % change on previous year | -0.0% |
| 1861 | 2.68 % change on previous year | -23.5% |
| 1862 | 2.69 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1863 | 2.7 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1864 | 2.71 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1865 | 2.72 % change on previous year | +0.3% |
| 1866 | 2.73 % change on previous year | +0.3% |
| 1867 | 2.74 % change on previous year | +0.3% |
| 1868 | 2.75 % change on previous year | +0.3% |
| 1869 | 2.76 % change on previous year | +0.3% |
| 1870 | 2.77 % change on previous year | +0.3% |
| 1871 | 2.66 % change on previous year | -3.9% |
| 1872 | 2.63 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1873 | 2.65 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1874 | 2.66 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1875 | 2.67 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1876 | 2.68 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1877 | 2.69 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1878 | 2.69 % change on previous year | +0.3% |
| 1879 | 2.7 % change on previous year | +0.4% |
| 1880 | 5.18 % change on previous year | +91.7% |
| 1881 | 3.01 % change on previous year | -41.9% |
| 1882 | 8 % change on previous year | +165.5% |
| 1883 | 7.46 % change on previous year | -6.7% |
| 1884 | 7 % change on previous year | -6.2% |
| 1885 | 6.6 % change on previous year | -5.7% |
| 1886 | 4.69 % change on previous year | -28.8% |
| 1887 | 4.58 % change on previous year | -2.4% |
| 1888 | 4.48 % change on previous year | -2.3% |
| 1889 | 4.38 % change on previous year | -2.1% |
| 1890 | 4.3 % change on previous year | -1.9% |
| 1891 | 1.72 % change on previous year | -59.9% |
| 1892 | 1.66 % change on previous year | -3.5% |
| 1893 | 1.6 % change on previous year | -4.0% |
| 1894 | 1.53 % change on previous year | -4.0% |
| 1895 | 1.47 % change on previous year | -4.0% |
| 1896 | 1.91 % change on previous year | +29.8% |
| 1897 | 1.83 % change on previous year | -4.0% |
| 1898 | 1.76 % change on previous year | -4.0% |
| 1899 | 1.69 % change on previous year | -4.0% |
| 1900 | 1.62 % change on previous year | -3.9% |
| 1901 | 1.7 % change on previous year | +4.5% |
| 1902 | 3 % change on previous year | +76.6% |
| 1903 | 2.81 % change on previous year | -6.2% |
| 1904 | 2.64 % change on previous year | -6.1% |
| 1905 | 2.48 % change on previous year | -6.0% |
| 1906 | 3.59 % change on previous year | +44.6% |
| 1907 | 3.33 % change on previous year | -7.3% |
| 1908 | 3.09 % change on previous year | -7.1% |
| 1909 | 2.87 % change on previous year | -7.1% |
| 1910 | 2.68 % change on previous year | -6.9% |
| 1911 | 1.57 % change on previous year | -41.2% |
| 1912 | 1.44 % change on previous year | -8.5% |
| 1913 | 1.32 % change on previous year | -8.5% |
| 1914 | 1.2 % change on previous year | -9.0% |
| 1915 | 1.09 % change on previous year | -9.3% |
| 1916 | -3.2 % change on previous year | -394.9% |
| 1917 | -3.18 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1918 | -3.16 % change on previous year | -0.7% |
| 1919 | -3.13 % change on previous year | -0.9% |
| 1920 | -3.1 % change on previous year | -1.0% |
| 1921 | 1.32 % change on previous year | -142.6% |
| 1922 | 0.4203 % change on previous year | -68.1% |
| 1923 | 0.7003 % change on previous year | +66.6% |
| 1924 | 0.5966 % change on previous year | -14.8% |
| 1925 | 0.4953 % change on previous year | -17.0% |
| 1926 | -3.27 % change on previous year | -759.7% |
| 1927 | -2.41 % change on previous year | -26.2% |
| 1928 | -2.39 % change on previous year | -0.8% |
| 1929 | -3.23 % change on previous year | +35.0% |
| 1930 | -2.35 % change on previous year | -27.1% |
| 1931 | 3.76 % change on previous year | -259.6% |
| 1932 | 2.02 % change on previous year | -46.3% |
| 1933 | 2.02 % change on previous year | +0.1% |
| 1934 | 1.78 % change on previous year | -11.9% |
| 1935 | 1.56 % change on previous year | -12.6% |
| 1936 | -4.07 % change on previous year | -361.4% |
| 1937 | -4.84 % change on previous year | +18.8% |
| 1938 | -4.63 % change on previous year | -4.3% |
| 1939 | -4.4 % change on previous year | -4.9% |
| 1940 | -4.16 % change on previous year | -5.5% |
| 1941 | -1.89 % change on previous year | -54.5% |
| 1942 | -2 % change on previous year | +5.8% |
| 1943 | -1.99 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1944 | -1.98 % change on previous year | -0.6% |
| 1945 | -2.92 % change on previous year | +47.6% |
| 1946 | -2.26 % change on previous year | -22.6% |
| 1947 | -6.13 % change on previous year | +171.0% |
| 1948 | -6.33 % change on previous year | +3.3% |
| 1949 | -6.56 % change on previous year | +3.7% |
| 1950 | 34.77 % change on previous year | -629.7% |
| 1951 | -3.06 % change on previous year | -108.8% |
| 1952 | 1.48 % change on previous year | -148.3% |
| 1953 | 2.39 % change on previous year | +61.6% |
| 1954 | -7.16 % change on previous year | -399.7% |
| 1955 | 1.57 % change on previous year | -121.9% |
| 1956 | 1.98 % change on previous year | +26.7% |
| 1957 | -9.36 % change on previous year | -571.7% |
| 1958 | -0.532 % change on previous year | -94.3% |
| 1959 | -4.18 % change on previous year | +685.7% |
| 1960 | -6.21 % change on previous year | +48.6% |
| 1961 | -11.1 % change on previous year | +78.8% |
| 1962 | 11.09 % change on previous year | -199.9% |
| 1963 | -3.41 % change on previous year | -130.7% |
| 1964 | 42.54 % change on previous year | -1347.3% |
| 1965 | -21.91 % change on previous year | -151.5% |
| 1966 | -8.7 % change on previous year | -60.3% |
| 1967 | 4.18 % change on previous year | -148.1% |
| 1968 | 9.77 % change on previous year | +133.4% |
| 1969 | 6.49 % change on previous year | -33.6% |
| 1970 | 14.56 % change on previous year | +124.5% |
| 1971 | 5.76 % change on previous year | -60.4% |
| 1972 | 9.64 % change on previous year | +67.2% |
| 1973 | -3.12 % change on previous year | -132.4% |
| 1974 | 3.6 % change on previous year | -215.4% |
| 1975 | -6.28 % change on previous year | -274.5% |
| 1976 | -14.94 % change on previous year | +137.9% |
| 1977 | 59.99 % change on previous year | -501.5% |
| 1978 | -6.56 % change on previous year | -110.9% |
| 1979 | 16.56 % change on previous year | -352.4% |
| 1980 | -5.32 % change on previous year | -132.1% |
| 1981 | 29.03 % change on previous year | -645.5% |
| 1982 | -16.25 % change on previous year | -156.0% |
| 1983 | -15.17 % change on previous year | -6.6% |
| 1984 | -5.46 % change on previous year | -64.0% |
| 1985 | -17.87 % change on previous year | +227.1% |
| 1986 | 4.79 % change on previous year | -126.8% |
| 1987 | -8.97 % change on previous year | -287.2% |
| 1988 | 12.3 % change on previous year | -237.1% |
| 1989 | 6.48 % change on previous year | -47.3% |
| 1990 | 56.05 % change on previous year | +765.0% |
| 1991 | -12.35 % change on previous year | -122.0% |
| 1992 | 7.82 % change on previous year | -163.4% |
| 1993 | 4.65 % change on previous year | -40.6% |
| 1994 | -3.19 % change on previous year | -168.6% |
| 1995 | 10.85 % change on previous year | -440.2% |
| 1996 | 1.05 % change on previous year | -90.3% |
| 1997 | -3.32 % change on previous year | -415.8% |
| 1998 | -2.94 % change on previous year | -11.4% |
| 1999 | 5.72 % change on previous year | -294.4% |
| 2000 | 6.57 % change on previous year | +14.9% |
| 2001 | 3.8 % change on previous year | -42.1% |
| 2002 | -10.74 % change on previous year | -382.3% |
| 2003 | 10.94 % change on previous year | -201.9% |
| 2004 | 14.17 % change on previous year | +29.6% |
| 2005 | -6.46 % change on previous year | -145.6% |
| 2006 | 1.7 % change on previous year | -126.4% |
| 2007 | -8.73 % change on previous year | -612.7% |
| 2008 | -16.97 % change on previous year | +94.3% |
| 2009 | 4.11 % change on previous year | -124.2% |
| 2010 | -0.9721 % change on previous year | -123.7% |
| 2011 | 66.65 % change on previous year | -6955.9% |
| 2012 | -35.26 % change on previous year | -152.9% |
| 2013 | 7.05 % change on previous year | -120.0% |
| 2014 | 10.16 % change on previous year | +44.1% |
| 2015 | 9.02 % change on previous year | -11.2% |
| 2016 | -6.67 % change on previous year | -173.9% |
| 2017 | -0.9265 % change on previous year | -86.1% |
| 2018 | 3.8 % change on previous year | -510.5% |
| 2019 | -0.3652 % change on previous year | -109.6% |
| 2020 | -4.22 % change on previous year | +1054.8% |
| 2021 | 0.8488 % change on previous year | -120.1% |
| 2022 | -1.64 % change on previous year | -292.8% |
Fiji compared with similar countries
- Fiji's -1.64 % change on previous year is below the median for upper middle income countries, which is -0.0344 % change on previous year, 47.6× the median. (57 countries reporting)
- Fiji's -1.64 % change on previous year is above the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is -1.94 % change on previous year, 85% of the median. (34 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Fiji changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | +6955.9% | -0.9721 % change on previous year | 66.65 % change on previous year |
| 1964 | +1347.3% | -3.41 % change on previous year | 42.54 % change on previous year |
| 2020 | -1054.8% | -0.3652 % change on previous year | -4.22 % change on previous year |
| 1990 | +765.0% | 6.48 % change on previous year | 56.05 % change on previous year |
| 1926 | -759.7% | 0.4953 % change on previous year | -3.27 % change on previous year |
| 1959 | -685.7% | -0.532 % change on previous year | -4.18 % change on previous year |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1750s | 0.4966 % change on previous year | 0.4856 % change on previous year | 0.5074 % change on previous year | 9 |
| 1760s | 0.4925 % change on previous year | 0.4826 % change on previous year | 0.504 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1770s | 0.4888 % change on previous year | 0.4799 % change on previous year | 0.5009 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1780s | 0.4844 % change on previous year | 0.4748 % change on previous year | 0.4953 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1790s | 0.4794 % change on previous year | 0.4702 % change on previous year | 0.4911 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1800s | 0.4733 % change on previous year | 0.4637 % change on previous year | 0.4856 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1810s | 0.4916 % change on previous year | 0.4615 % change on previous year | 0.5069 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1820s | 0.486 % change on previous year | 0.4752 % change on previous year | 0.4984 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1830s | 0.4762 % change on previous year | 0.4643 % change on previous year | 0.4892 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1840s | 0.4647 % change on previous year | 0.4533 % change on previous year | 0.477 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1850s | 3.21 % change on previous year | 0.45 % change on previous year | 3.52 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1860s | 2.8 % change on previous year | 2.68 % change on previous year | 3.51 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1870s | 2.68 % change on previous year | 2.63 % change on previous year | 2.77 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1880s | 5.54 % change on previous year | 3.01 % change on previous year | 8 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1890s | 1.95 % change on previous year | 1.47 % change on previous year | 4.3 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1900s | 2.71 % change on previous year | 1.62 % change on previous year | 3.59 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1910s | -0.3382 % change on previous year | -3.2 % change on previous year | 2.68 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1920s | -1.09 % change on previous year | -3.27 % change on previous year | 1.32 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1930s | -0.9158 % change on previous year | -4.84 % change on previous year | 3.76 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1940s | -3.62 % change on previous year | -6.56 % change on previous year | -1.89 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1950s | 1.79 % change on previous year | -9.36 % change on previous year | 34.77 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1960s | 2.27 % change on previous year | -21.91 % change on previous year | 42.54 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1970s | 7.92 % change on previous year | -14.94 % change on previous year | 59.99 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1980s | -1.64 % change on previous year | -17.87 % change on previous year | 29.03 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 1990s | 6.43 % change on previous year | -12.35 % change on previous year | 56.05 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 2000s | -0.1613 % change on previous year | -16.97 % change on previous year | 14.17 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 2010s | 5.25 % change on previous year | -35.26 % change on previous year | 66.65 % change on previous year | 10 |
| 2020s | -1.67 % change on previous year | -4.22 % change on previous year | 0.8488 % change on previous year | 3 |
Countries ranked near Fiji
- 163 Norway -1.49 % change on previous year compare
- 164 United Kingdom -1.56 % change on previous year compare
- 165 Russia -1.62 % change on previous year compare
- 167 Malaysia -1.64 % change on previous year compare
- 168 Sweden -1.67 % change on previous year compare
- 169 French Polynesia -1.75 % change on previous year compare
More climate change data for Fiji
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 7.54 million kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 1,411 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 381.65 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 1,029 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 1.44 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 36.76 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 66.6 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 43.78 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 22.82 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 0.1652 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Fiji?
- Emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate in Fiji was -1.64 % change on previous year in 2022, according to Statizoid (derived).
- What is the highest emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate recorded in Fiji?
- The highest recorded value was 66.65 % change on previous year in 2011.
- What is the lowest emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate recorded in Fiji?
- The lowest recorded value was -35.26 % change on previous year in 2012.
- How does Fiji rank for emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate?
- Fiji ranks 166th out of 219 countries with data for 2022.
- Is emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate rising or falling in Fiji?
- Over the last ten years it is up 95.4%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Fiji data come from?
- The figures come from Statizoid (derived), published as part of emissions of air pollutants, annual growth rate. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 272 observations, free to reuse under Derived by Statizoid from the sources named on the page.
How this figure is calculated
The year-on-year percentage change in emissions of air pollutants. Computed from consecutive annual observations; years either side of a gap are skipped rather than bridged.
Computed from
- emissions of air pollutants Hoesly et al. (2024) – Community Emissions Data System (CEDS) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
The year-on-year percentage change in emissions of air pollutants. Computed from consecutive annual observations; years either side of a gap are skipped rather than bridged.