Forestland — Net emissions/removals (CO2) (Forest land) by country
The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions from Forests consists of CO2 emissions and removals corresponding to forest carbon stock changes (aboveground and belowground living biomass). Estimates are computed following the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (IPCC, 2006).
Countries reporting
214
Highest
53,089 kt
Italy
Lowest
-1.15 million kt
Russian Federation
Median
-63.13 kt
Years covered
36
1990–2025
Data points
9,600
What the numbers show
Forestland — Net emissions/removals (CO2) (Forest land) is currently reported for 214 countries. The highest value is 53,089 kt in Italy; the lowest is -1.15 million kt in Russian Federation.
The median across all reporting countries is -63.13 kt, and the mean is -21,612 kt.
Over the past decade 103 countries rose and 90 fell. The largest increase was in Chad (up 3,003.7%), and the largest decrease in Thailand (down 437,445.0%).
Forestland — Net emissions/removals (CO2) (Forest land): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Italy | 53,089 kt | 2025 | up 346.2% | volatile |
| 2 | Sudan | 36,910 kt | 2025 | up 643.8% | volatile |
| 3 | Madagascar | 18,693 kt | 2025 | down 35.0% | falling |
| 4 | Canada | 10,737 kt | 2025 | down 55.1% | volatile |
| 5 | Cuba | 5,485 kt | 2025 | up 251.1% | volatile |
| 6 | Kazakhstan | 5,295 kt | 2025 | up 149.4% | volatile |
| 7 | Benin | 5,251 kt | 2025 | down 12.3% | volatile |
| 8 | Morocco | 5,000 kt | 2025 | up 297.0% | volatile |
| 9 | Estonia | 2,901 kt | 2025 | up 133.1% | volatile |
| 10 | Caribbean | 1,525 kt | 2025 | up 123.7% | volatile |
| 11 | Burkina Faso | 1,472 kt | 2025 | up 56.5% | rising |
| 12 | Latvia | 1,364 kt | 2025 | up 111.4% | rising |
| 13 | Spain | 1,320 kt | 2025 | up 115.0% | volatile |
| 14 | Mali | 990.73 kt | 2025 | up 63.0% | volatile |
| 15 | Germany | 711.33 kt | 2025 | up 101.3% | volatile |
| 16 | Western Sahara | 507.58 kt | 2025 | up 264.8% | volatile |
| 17 | Seychelles | 87.41 kt | 2025 | up 881.5% | volatile |
| 18 | Switzerland | 80.67 kt | 2025 | up 104.6% | volatile |
| 19 | Chad | 71.31 kt | 2025 | up 3,003.7% | volatile |
| 20 | Eswatini | 23.84 kt | 2025 | down 20.9% | flat |
| 21 | Trinidad and Tobago | 22.67 kt | 2025 | down 23.2% | flat |
| 22 | Chile | 19.64 kt | 2025 | up 100.1% | volatile |
| 23 | San Marino | 7.33 kt | 2025 | up 200.0% | volatile |
| 24 | Cayman Islands | 7.25 kt | 2025 | down 60.9% | volatile |
| 25 | Guinea-Bissau | 7.01 kt | 2025 | up 192.6% | volatile |
| 26 | Eritrea | 4.42 kt | 2025 | up 236.5% | volatile |
| 27 | Suriname | 4.3 kt | 2025 | up 204.1% | volatile |
| 28 | Barbados | 3.59 kt | 2025 | down 60.9% | volatile |
| 29 | Palestine | 2.99 kt | 2025 | up 110.7% | volatile |
| 30 | Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba | 2.4 kt | 2025 | down 60.9% | volatile |
| 31 | Bhutan | 2.26 kt | 2025 | up 100.3% | volatile |
| 32 | Dominica | 2.22 kt | 2025 | up 133.2% | volatile |
| 33 | Zambia | 2 kt | 2025 | down 87.4% | volatile |
| 34 | United Republic of Tanzania | 1.39 kt | 2025 | up 132.1% | volatile |
| 35 | Montserrat | 1.38 kt | 2025 | down 60.9% | volatile |
| 36 | Malawi | 1.01 kt | 2025 | up 18.7% | volatile |
| 37 | Bermuda | 0.4447 kt | 2025 | down 60.9% | volatile |
| 38 | Aruba | 0.2794 kt | 2025 | down 60.9% | volatile |
| 39 | Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 0.171 kt | 2025 | down 60.9% | volatile |
| 40 | Vanuatu | 0.0814 kt | 2025 | up 105.6% | volatile |
| 41 | Albania | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | American Samoa | 0 kt | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Burundi | 0 kt | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Belgium | 0 kt | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Botswana | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 41 | Djibouti | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 41 | Finland | 0 kt | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Greece | 0 kt | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Guam | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Kyrgyzstan | 0 kt | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Kuwait | 0 kt | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Luxembourg | 0 kt | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Marshall Islands | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 41 | Montenegro | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 41 | Mongolia | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Northern Mariana Islands | 0 kt | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Mauritius | 0 kt | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | New Caledonia | 0 kt | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | French Polynesia | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 41 | Singapore | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Turkmenistan | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 41 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0 kt | 2025 | up 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | British Virgin Islands | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 41 | Cook Islands | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 41 | Niue | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 95 | Gambia | -0.0545 kt | 2025 | up 98.8% | volatile |
| 96 | Zimbabwe | -0.245 kt | 2025 | down 104.9% | volatile |
| 97 | Belize | -0.2921 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 98 | Malta | -0.3438 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 99 | Namibia | -0.418 kt | 2025 | up 0.6% | volatile |
| 100 | Jordan | -0.502 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 101 | Iran (Islamic Republic of) | -0.606 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 102 | Sri Lanka | -0.7997 kt | 2025 | down 100.9% | volatile |
| 103 | Antigua and Barbuda | -0.9483 kt | 2025 | up 88.4% | volatile |
| 104 | Jersey | -1.15 kt | 2025 | down 49.1% | volatile |
| 105 | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | -1.45 kt | 2025 | up 20.1% | volatile |
| 106 | French Guiana | -2.41 kt | 2025 | down 223.5% | volatile |
| 107 | Liberia | -3.68 kt | 2025 | down 27.5% | volatile |
| 108 | Guyana | -3.97 kt | 2025 | down 272.2% | volatile |
| 109 | Isle of Man | -4.01 kt | 2025 | up 14.0% | rising |
| 110 | Equatorial Guinea | -4.26 kt | 2025 | down 107.7% | volatile |
| 111 | Angola | -4.84 kt | 2025 | down 279.4% | volatile |
| 112 | Libya | -5.01 kt | 2025 | down 285.9% | volatile |
| 113 | Samoa | -5.35 kt | 2025 | down 160.6% | volatile |
| 114 | Gabon | -5.5 kt | 2025 | down 275.3% | volatile |
| 115 | Timor-Leste | -6.48 kt | 2025 | down 346.5% | volatile |
| 116 | Lebanon | -7.33 kt | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 116 | Sao Tome and Principe | -7.33 kt | 2025 | down 2,537.1% | volatile |
| 116 | Cabo Verde | -7.33 kt | 2025 | unchanged | falling |
| 116 | Réunion | -7.33 kt | 2025 | up 92.9% | rising |
| 120 | Cameroon | -7.47 kt | 2025 | up 99.3% | volatile |
| 121 | Ecuador | -8.46 kt | 2025 | up 99.8% | volatile |
| 122 | Mayotte | -8.95 kt | 2025 | down 192.0% | volatile |
| 123 | Solomon Islands | -9.63 kt | 2025 | down 165.8% | falling |
| 124 | Comoros | -14.67 kt | 2025 | down 849.1% | volatile |
| 124 | Liechtenstein | -14.67 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 124 | Micronesia (Federated States of) | -14.67 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 127 | Brunei Darussalam | -28.5 kt | 2025 | up 80.4% | volatile |
| 128 | Tajikistan | -33.81 kt | 2025 | down 111.6% | volatile |
| 129 | Wallis and Futuna Islands | -38.1 kt | 2025 | up 1.9% | volatile |
| 130 | Polynesia | -43.45 kt | 2025 | up 14.7% | volatile |
| 131 | Palau | -44 kt | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 132 | Central African Republic | -51.19 kt | 2025 | down 1,200.5% | volatile |
| 133 | Martinique | -51.33 kt | 2025 | up 63.2% | falling |
| 134 | Bahrain | -58.67 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 134 | Micronesia | -58.67 kt | 2025 | down 125.0% | volatile |
| 136 | Colombia | -60.26 kt | 2025 | up 98.5% | volatile |
| 137 | United Arab Emirates | -66 kt | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 138 | Algeria | -66.31 kt | 2025 | down 12.4% | flat |
| 139 | Tunisia | -89.11 kt | 2025 | down 101.5% | volatile |
| 140 | Sierra Leone | -108.19 kt | 2025 | up 6.3% | falling |
| 141 | Israel | -116.81 kt | 2025 | down 99.1% | volatile |
| 142 | United States Virgin Islands | -117.33 kt | 2025 | down 23.1% | volatile |
| 143 | Republic of Moldova | -140.98 kt | 2025 | up 75.0% | volatile |
| 144 | Iceland | -161.33 kt | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 145 | Saudi Arabia | -183.33 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 146 | El Salvador | -198 kt | 2025 | down 800.0% | volatile |
| 146 | Guadeloupe | -198 kt | 2025 | unchanged | volatile |
| 148 | Ireland | -212.67 kt | 2025 | up 96.1% | rising |
| 149 | Andorra | -220 kt | 2025 | down 2,900.0% | volatile |
| 150 | Guinea | -246.33 kt | 2025 | up 55.6% | rising |
| 151 | Saint Lucia | -271.33 kt | 2025 | up 22.9% | flat |
| 152 | Cyprus | -272.2 kt | 2025 | up 18.0% | falling |
| 153 | Haiti | -293.33 kt | 2025 | down 20,350.8% | volatile |
| 153 | South Sudan | -293.33 kt | 2025 | up 63.6% | volatile |
| 155 | Mozambique | -317.73 kt | 2025 | up 13.8% | volatile |
| 156 | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | -352 kt | 2025 | up 80.3% | volatile |
| 157 | Norway | -353.19 kt | 2025 | up 98.3% | rising |
| 158 | Mexico | -375.24 kt | 2025 | up 98.9% | volatile |
| 159 | Papua New Guinea | -387.56 kt | 2025 | down 14,525.8% | volatile |
| 160 | Senegal | -400.69 kt | 2025 | up 4.0% | volatile |
| 161 | Puerto Rico | -464.42 kt | 2025 | up 9.6% | rising |
| 162 | Armenia | -491.33 kt | 2025 | down 179.2% | volatile |
| 163 | Panama | -583.59 kt | 2025 | down 69.0% | rising |
| 164 | North Macedonia | -686.53 kt | 2025 | up 72.3% | volatile |
| 165 | Iraq | -784.34 kt | 2025 | up 38.6% | volatile |
| 166 | Portugal | -858 kt | 2025 | down 1.7% | volatile |
| 167 | Slovenia | -973.43 kt | 2025 | down 129.1% | volatile |
| 168 | Togo | -981.15 kt | 2025 | down 437.3% | volatile |
| 169 | Mauritania | -1,049 kt | 2025 | down 15.8% | flat |
| 170 | Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | -1,108 kt | 2025 | down 217.6% | volatile |
| 171 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | -1,267 kt | 2025 | down 25.0% | volatile |
| 172 | Dominican Republic | -1,269 kt | 2025 | up 17.4% | falling |
| 173 | Nicaragua | -1,320 kt | 2023 | up 11.5% | volatile |
| 174 | Jamaica | -1,335 kt | 2025 | down 2,933.3% | volatile |
| 175 | Niger | -1,353 kt | 2025 | down 517.6% | volatile |
| 176 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | -1,613 kt | 2025 | up 86.5% | rising |
| 177 | Cambodia | -1,626 kt | 2025 | up 90.8% | volatile |
| 178 | Slovakia | -1,819 kt | 2025 | up 76.6% | rising |
| 179 | Syrian Arab Republic | -1,885 kt | 2025 | down 17.4% | falling |
| 180 | Uganda | -1,910 kt | 2025 | up 20.1% | volatile |
| 181 | Fiji | -2,002 kt | 2025 | down 0.4% | rising |
| 182 | Uzbekistan | -2,119 kt | 2025 | down 280.3% | volatile |
| 183 | Uruguay | -2,244 kt | 2025 | up 78.2% | volatile |
| 184 | Democratic People's Republic of Korea | -2,343 kt | 2025 | up 0.3% | rising |
| 185 | Melanesia | -2,399 kt | 2025 | up 57.7% | rising |
| 186 | Denmark | -2,435 kt | 2025 | up 21.1% | volatile |
| 187 | Czechia | -2,501 kt | 2025 | up 0.3% | volatile |
| 188 | Somalia | -2,566 kt | 2025 | down 5,815.1% | volatile |
| 189 | Peru | -2,669 kt | 2025 | up 11.7% | volatile |
| 190 | Costa Rica | -2,713 kt | 2025 | up 70.3% | volatile |
| 191 | Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | -2,838 kt | 2025 | up 31.4% | volatile |
| 192 | Azerbaijan | -2,934 kt | 2025 | down 15.6% | volatile |
| 193 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | -3,073 kt | 2025 | up 22.4% | volatile |
| 194 | Bangladesh | -3,207 kt | 2025 | down 16.8% | volatile |
| 195 | Pakistan | -3,498 kt | 2025 | down 6,186.4% | volatile |
| 196 | Croatia | -4,104 kt | 2025 | down 169.1% | volatile |
| 197 | Côte d'Ivoire | -4,112 kt | 2025 | up 61.5% | volatile |
| 198 | Nepal | -4,143 kt | 2025 | down 366.9% | rising |
| 199 | Georgia | -4,363 kt | 2025 | down 8.6% | rising |
| 200 | Hungary | -4,745 kt | 2025 | down 9.2% | falling |
| 201 | Lithuania | -4,928 kt | 2025 | up 60.8% | falling |
| 202 | Myanmar | -5,674 kt | 2025 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 203 | Belgium-Luxembourg | -5,741 kt | 1999 | unchanged | flat |
| 204 | Austria | -6,544 kt | 2025 | down 0.7% | rising |
| 205 | Ethiopia | -6,705 kt | 2025 | down 36.0% | falling |
| 206 | Türkiye | -6,908 kt | 2025 | up 88.4% | volatile |
| 207 | Congo | -7,590 kt | 2025 | down 224,902.0% | volatile |
| 208 | Sudan (former) | -7,594 kt | 2011 | down 14.2% | falling |
| 209 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | -7,633 kt | 2025 | down 378.7% | volatile |
| 210 | Poland | -8,257 kt | 2025 | up 80.9% | volatile |
| 211 | Nigeria | -8,409 kt | 2025 | up 0.1% | flat |
| 212 | New Zealand | -8,492 kt | 2025 | up 60.5% | rising |
| 213 | Thailand | -8,503 kt | 2025 | down 437,445.0% | volatile |
| 214 | Paraguay | -9,108 kt | 2025 | down 270,728.0% | volatile |
| 215 | Sweden | -9,427 kt | 2025 | up 81.5% | rising |
| 216 | Viet Nam | -10,275 kt | 2025 | up 63.0% | volatile |
| 217 | Guatemala | -10,485 kt | 2025 | down 535.0% | volatile |
| 218 | Ukraine | -11,829 kt | 2025 | up 57.0% | rising |
| 219 | Rwanda | -12,738 kt | 2025 | down 325.7% | volatile |
| 220 | Kenya | -15,869 kt | 2025 | down 20.5% | volatile |
| 221 | Australia | -16,086 kt | 2025 | up 39.2% | falling |
| 222 | Argentina | -18,080 kt | 2025 | down 57.0% | falling |
| 223 | Bulgaria | -19,766 kt | 2025 | down 48.6% | rising |
| 224 | Malaysia | -22,777 kt | 2025 | up 85.4% | volatile |
| 225 | Australia and New Zealand | -24,578 kt | 2025 | up 48.7% | falling |
| 226 | Serbia | -25,263 kt | 2025 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 227 | Philippines | -26,943 kt | 2025 | down 30.1% | falling |
| 228 | Serbia and Montenegro | -31,611 kt | 2005 | down 166.8% | volatile |
| 229 | Japan | -31,848 kt | 2025 | up 60.7% | rising |
| 230 | Romania | -31,900 kt | 2025 | up 29.3% | falling |
| 231 | France | -31,988 kt | 2025 | up 51.8% | falling |
| 232 | Indonesia | -34,709 kt | 2025 | down 99.5% | volatile |
| 233 | Honduras | -34,796 kt | 2025 | up 22.5% | volatile |
| 234 | Republic of Korea | -47,069 kt | 2025 | up 14.5% | falling |
| 235 | Ghana | -55,227 kt | 2025 | down 437.0% | volatile |
| 236 | South Africa | -74,851 kt | 2025 | down 439.5% | volatile |
| 237 | Belarus | -146,469 kt | 2025 | down 246.0% | volatile |
| 238 | India | -154,418 kt | 2025 | down 117.2% | volatile |
| 239 | Brazil | -336,460 kt | 2025 | up 46.6% | rising |
| 240 | OECD | -520,654 kt | 2025 | up 65.2% | rising |
| 241 | China | -838,933 kt | 2025 | down 17.9% | falling |
| 241 | China, mainland | -838,933 kt | 2025 | down 17.9% | falling |
| 243 | Russian Federation | -1.15 million kt | 2025 | down 24.0% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Northern Africa 42,256 kt
- Southern Europe 19,237 kt
- Least Developed Countries (LDCs) 10,792 kt
- Central Asia 3,142 kt
- Small island developing states (SIDS) -881.18 kt
- Low Income Food Deficit Countries (LIFDCs) -2,216 kt
- Middle Africa -8,866 kt
- Northern Europe -14,870 kt
- Western Asia -18,068 kt
- Eastern Africa -21,642 kt
- Oceania -27,079 kt
- Western Europe -38,107 kt
- Land Locked Developing Countries (LLDCs) -43,592 kt
- Net Food Importing Developing Countries (NFIDCs) -45,626 kt
- Central America -50,472 kt
- Western Africa -64,178 kt
- European Union (27) -71,698 kt
- Southern Africa -74,828 kt
- South-eastern Asia -118,175 kt
- Africa -127,257 kt
- Southern Asia -165,266 kt
- South America -372,558 kt
- Northern America -397,006 kt
- United States of America -407,742 kt
- Americas -818,511 kt
- Eastern Asia -920,192 kt
- Asia -1.22 million kt
- Eastern Europe -1.38 million kt
- Europe -1.41 million kt
- Non-Annex I countries -1.76 million kt
- Annex I countries -1.84 million kt
- World -3.60 million kt
About this data
The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions from Forests consists of CO2 emissions and removals corresponding to forest carbon stock changes (aboveground and belowground living biomass). Estimates are computed following the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (IPCC, 2006).