CO₂ emissions embedded in trade in India
India: CO₂ emissions embedded in trade was -519.54 million tonnes in 2023. ◆ Volatile
CO₂ emissions embedded in trade in India, 1990–2023
Source: Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes.
Analysis
The most recent figure for co₂ emissions embedded in trade in India is -519.54 million tonnes, measured in 2023. That is the lowest value across all 34 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 5.8% on the previous year and down 45.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, co₂ emissions embedded in trade in India peaked at 5.37 million tonnes in 1990 and was at its lowest, -519.54 million tonnes, in 2023.
That places India 119th out of 120 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
CO₂ emissions embedded in trade in India, year by year
| Year | tonnes | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 5.37 million tonnes | — |
| 1991 | -11.48 million tonnes | -313.9% |
| 1992 | 1.41 million tonnes | -112.3% |
| 1993 | -16.20 million tonnes | -1245.4% |
| 1994 | -21.70 million tonnes | +34.0% |
| 1995 | -31.84 million tonnes | +46.8% |
| 1996 | -50.03 million tonnes | +57.1% |
| 1997 | -55.46 million tonnes | +10.8% |
| 1998 | -61.69 million tonnes | +11.2% |
| 1999 | -39.17 million tonnes | -36.5% |
| 2000 | -72.69 million tonnes | +85.6% |
| 2001 | -79.67 million tonnes | +9.6% |
| 2002 | -95.87 million tonnes | +20.3% |
| 2003 | -82.99 million tonnes | -13.4% |
| 2004 | -91.29 million tonnes | +10.0% |
| 2005 | -90.87 million tonnes | -0.5% |
| 2006 | -120.73 million tonnes | +32.9% |
| 2007 | -102.39 million tonnes | -15.2% |
| 2008 | -117.57 million tonnes | +14.8% |
| 2009 | -91.64 million tonnes | -22.1% |
| 2010 | -107.42 million tonnes | +17.2% |
| 2011 | -141.50 million tonnes | +31.7% |
| 2012 | -144.91 million tonnes | +2.4% |
| 2013 | -357.48 million tonnes | +146.7% |
| 2014 | -337.16 million tonnes | -5.7% |
| 2015 | -270.76 million tonnes | -19.7% |
| 2016 | -350.47 million tonnes | +29.4% |
| 2017 | -313.53 million tonnes | -10.5% |
| 2018 | -356.16 million tonnes | +13.6% |
| 2019 | -343.88 million tonnes | -3.4% |
| 2020 | -337.60 million tonnes | -1.8% |
| 2021 | -423.75 million tonnes | +25.5% |
| 2022 | -491.14 million tonnes | +15.9% |
| 2023 | -519.54 million tonnes | +5.8% |
India compared with similar countries
- India's -519.54 million tonnes is below the median for lower middle income countries, which is 2.98 million tonnes. (28 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where CO₂ emissions embedded in trade in India changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1993 | -1245.4% | 1.41 million tonnes | -16.20 million tonnes |
| 1991 | -313.9% | 5.37 million tonnes | -11.48 million tonnes |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | -28.08 million tonnes | -61.69 million tonnes | 5.37 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2000s | -94.57 million tonnes | -120.73 million tonnes | -72.69 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2010s | -272.33 million tonnes | -357.48 million tonnes | -107.42 million tonnes | 10 |
| 2020s | -443.01 million tonnes | -519.54 million tonnes | -337.60 million tonnes | 4 |
Countries ranked near India
More climate change data for India
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 27.69 billion kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 602,760 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 105,678 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 497,082 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 398.78 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 17,753 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 279,594 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 176,015 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 103,578 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 664.21 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is co₂ emissions embedded in trade in India?
- Co₂ emissions embedded in trade in India was -519.54 million tonnes in 2023, according to Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest co₂ emissions embedded in trade recorded in India?
- The highest recorded value was 5.37 million tonnes in 1990.
- What is the lowest co₂ emissions embedded in trade recorded in India?
- The lowest recorded value was -519.54 million tonnes in 2023.
- How does India rank for co₂ emissions embedded in trade?
- India ranks 119th out of 120 countries with data for 2023.
- Is co₂ emissions embedded in trade rising or falling in India?
- Over the last ten years it is down 45.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this India data come from?
- The figures come from Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of CO₂ emissions embedded in trade. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 34 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Annual net carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions embedded in trade, measured in tonnes.