Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in Madagascar
Madagascar: Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, per square was 8,874 tonnes per square kilometre in 2023. ▲ Rising
Latest (2023)
8,874 tonnes per square kilometre
Change on year
up 0.7%
World rank
129th
of 192 countries
All-time high
8,874 tonnes per square kilometre
in 2023
All-time low
2,801 tonnes per square kilometre
in 1961
Years of data
63
1961–2023
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in Madagascar, 1961–2023
Source: Statizoid (derived). Measured in tonnes per square kilometre.
Analysis
In 2023, cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in Madagascar stood at 8,874 tonnes per square kilometre. That is the highest value across all 63 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 0.7% on the previous year and up 7.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in Madagascar peaked at 8,874 tonnes per square kilometre in 2023 and was at its lowest, 2,801 tonnes per square kilometre, in 1961.
Madagascar ranks 129th of 192 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 63 years of available data.
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in Madagascar, year by year
| Year | tonnes per square kilometre | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1961 | 2,801 tonnes per square kilometre | — |
| 1962 | 2,919 tonnes per square kilometre | +4.2% |
| 1963 | 3,025 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.6% |
| 1964 | 3,114 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.9% |
| 1965 | 3,196 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.6% |
| 1966 | 3,270 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.3% |
| 1967 | 3,341 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.2% |
| 1968 | 3,418 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.3% |
| 1969 | 3,488 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.1% |
| 1970 | 3,553 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.8% |
| 1971 | 3,619 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.9% |
| 1972 | 3,689 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.9% |
| 1973 | 3,757 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.8% |
| 1974 | 3,909 tonnes per square kilometre | +4.0% |
| 1975 | 4,077 tonnes per square kilometre | +4.3% |
| 1976 | 4,224 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.6% |
| 1977 | 4,382 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.8% |
| 1978 | 4,507 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.8% |
| 1979 | 4,598 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.0% |
| 1980 | 4,679 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.8% |
| 1981 | 4,757 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1982 | 4,833 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.6% |
| 1983 | 4,902 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.4% |
| 1984 | 4,970 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.4% |
| 1985 | 5,043 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.5% |
| 1986 | 5,108 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.3% |
| 1987 | 5,173 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.3% |
| 1988 | 5,237 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.3% |
| 1989 | 5,302 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.2% |
| 1990 | 5,367 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.2% |
| 1991 | 5,431 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.2% |
| 1992 | 5,524 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 1993 | 5,615 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.6% |
| 1994 | 5,735 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.1% |
| 1995 | 5,842 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.9% |
| 1996 | 5,991 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.6% |
| 1997 | 6,168 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.0% |
| 1998 | 6,422 tonnes per square kilometre | +4.1% |
| 1999 | 6,670 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.8% |
| 2000 | 6,897 tonnes per square kilometre | +3.4% |
| 2001 | 7,075 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.6% |
| 2002 | 7,229 tonnes per square kilometre | +2.2% |
| 2003 | 7,365 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.9% |
| 2004 | 7,490 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.7% |
| 2005 | 7,594 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.4% |
| 2006 | 7,689 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.3% |
| 2007 | 7,781 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.2% |
| 2008 | 7,870 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.1% |
| 2009 | 7,950 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.0% |
| 2010 | 8,029 tonnes per square kilometre | +1.0% |
| 2011 | 8,098 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.9% |
| 2012 | 8,169 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.9% |
| 2013 | 8,243 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.9% |
| 2014 | 8,305 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.8% |
| 2015 | 8,375 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.8% |
| 2016 | 8,444 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.8% |
| 2017 | 8,515 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.8% |
| 2018 | 8,577 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.7% |
| 2019 | 8,637 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.7% |
| 2020 | 8,695 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.7% |
| 2021 | 8,753 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.7% |
| 2022 | 8,813 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.7% |
| 2023 | 8,874 tonnes per square kilometre | +0.7% |
Madagascar compared with similar countries
- Madagascar's 8,874 tonnes per square kilometre is above the median for low income countries, which is 6,311 tonnes per square kilometre, 1.4× the median. (25 countries reporting)
- Madagascar's 8,874 tonnes per square kilometre is above the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 6,476 tonnes per square kilometre, 1.4× the median. (48 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 3,175 tonnes per square kilometre | 2,801 tonnes per square kilometre | 3,488 tonnes per square kilometre | 9 |
| 1970s | 4,031 tonnes per square kilometre | 3,553 tonnes per square kilometre | 4,598 tonnes per square kilometre | 10 |
| 1980s | 5,000 tonnes per square kilometre | 4,679 tonnes per square kilometre | 5,302 tonnes per square kilometre | 10 |
| 1990s | 5,876 tonnes per square kilometre | 5,367 tonnes per square kilometre | 6,670 tonnes per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2000s | 7,494 tonnes per square kilometre | 6,897 tonnes per square kilometre | 7,950 tonnes per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2010s | 8,339 tonnes per square kilometre | 8,029 tonnes per square kilometre | 8,637 tonnes per square kilometre | 10 |
| 2020s | 8,784 tonnes per square kilometre | 8,695 tonnes per square kilometre | 8,874 tonnes per square kilometre | 4 |
Countries ranked near Madagascar
- 126 Tuvalu 9,525 tonnes per square kilometre compare
- 127 Jordan 9,382 tonnes per square kilometre compare
- 128 Tunisia 9,059 tonnes per square kilometre compare
- 130 Saudi Arabia 8,612 tonnes per square kilometre compare
- 131 Canada 8,579 tonnes per square kilometre compare
- 132 Tanzania 8,461 tonnes per square kilometre compare
More climate change data for Madagascar
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 36.84 million kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 23,568 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 7,815 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 15,753 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 29.49 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 562.62 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 9,018 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 880.86 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 8,138 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 3.32 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in Madagascar?
- Cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square in Madagascar was 8,874 tonnes per square kilometre in 2023, according to Statizoid (derived).
- What is the highest cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square recorded in Madagascar?
- The highest recorded value was 8,874 tonnes per square kilometre in 2023.
- What is the lowest cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square recorded in Madagascar?
- The lowest recorded value was 2,801 tonnes per square kilometre in 1961.
- How does Madagascar rank for cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square?
- Madagascar ranks 129th out of 192 countries with data for 2023.
- Is cumulative co₂ emissions including land-use change, per square rising or falling in Madagascar?
- Over the last ten years it is up 7.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Madagascar data come from?
- The figures come from Statizoid (derived), published as part of Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change, per square kilometre. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 63 observations, free to reuse under Derived by Statizoid from the sources named on the page.
How this figure is calculated
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change ÷ Land area (sq. km)
Computed from
- Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change Global Carbon Budget (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data
- Land area FAOSTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Cumulative CO₂ emissions including land-use change divided by Land area (sq. km), matched on country and year. Neither publisher issues this ratio as a series; it is computed here from both.