Annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region in India
India: Annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region was 4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2024)
4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
Change on year
up 3.4%
World rank
3rd
of 199 countries
All-time high
4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
in 2024
All-time low
298.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
in 1862
Years of data
175
1850–2024
Annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region in India, 1850–2024
Source: Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in tonnes of CO₂ equivalents.
Analysis
In 2024, annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region in India stood at 4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents. That is the highest value across all 175 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 3.4% on the previous year and up 32.5% over ten years.
Over the whole period, annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region in India peaked at 4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in 2024 and was at its lowest, 298.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents, in 1862.
India ranks 3rd of 199 countries on this measure, in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region in India, year by year
| Year | tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1850 | 372.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | — |
| 1851 | 339.20 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -9.0% |
| 1852 | 322.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -4.9% |
| 1853 | 315.25 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.2% |
| 1854 | 310.72 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.4% |
| 1855 | 306.41 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.4% |
| 1856 | 303.38 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.0% |
| 1857 | 303.24 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.0% |
| 1858 | 301.07 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.7% |
| 1859 | 299.40 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.6% |
| 1860 | 300.26 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.3% |
| 1861 | 299.07 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.4% |
| 1862 | 298.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.3% |
| 1863 | 299.52 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.4% |
| 1864 | 299.22 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.1% |
| 1865 | 299.37 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.0% |
| 1866 | 301.10 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.6% |
| 1867 | 302.58 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.5% |
| 1868 | 300.95 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.5% |
| 1869 | 302.26 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.4% |
| 1870 | 304.16 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.6% |
| 1871 | 304.02 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.0% |
| 1872 | 307.41 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1873 | 308.60 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.4% |
| 1874 | 310.90 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.7% |
| 1875 | 313.13 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.7% |
| 1876 | 316.44 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1877 | 317.49 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.3% |
| 1878 | 321.62 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.3% |
| 1879 | 322.91 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.4% |
| 1880 | 326.12 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.0% |
| 1881 | 329.29 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.0% |
| 1882 | 334.59 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.6% |
| 1883 | 336.77 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.7% |
| 1884 | 339.99 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.0% |
| 1885 | 342.67 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.8% |
| 1886 | 346.19 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.0% |
| 1887 | 349.25 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.9% |
| 1888 | 352.76 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.0% |
| 1889 | 356.09 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.9% |
| 1890 | 360.33 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.2% |
| 1891 | 361.51 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.3% |
| 1892 | 362.23 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.2% |
| 1893 | 363.29 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.3% |
| 1894 | 363.62 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.1% |
| 1895 | 366.90 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.9% |
| 1896 | 368.13 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.3% |
| 1897 | 370.18 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.6% |
| 1898 | 372.33 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.6% |
| 1899 | 373.63 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.4% |
| 1900 | 375.04 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.4% |
| 1901 | 373.19 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.5% |
| 1902 | 373.72 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.1% |
| 1903 | 373.07 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.2% |
| 1904 | 373.83 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.2% |
| 1905 | 373.44 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.1% |
| 1906 | 374.40 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.3% |
| 1907 | 375.76 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.4% |
| 1908 | 378.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.6% |
| 1909 | 376.37 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.4% |
| 1910 | 377.83 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.4% |
| 1911 | 380.90 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.8% |
| 1912 | 385.05 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1913 | 390.34 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.4% |
| 1914 | 390.55 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.1% |
| 1915 | 393.49 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.8% |
| 1916 | 395.53 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.5% |
| 1917 | 400.53 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.3% |
| 1918 | 404.26 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.9% |
| 1919 | 409.34 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.3% |
| 1920 | 475.91 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +16.3% |
| 1921 | 514.97 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +8.2% |
| 1922 | 538.09 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.5% |
| 1923 | 552.18 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.6% |
| 1924 | 566.63 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.6% |
| 1925 | 578.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.0% |
| 1926 | 585.49 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.3% |
| 1927 | 596.64 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.9% |
| 1928 | 600.92 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.7% |
| 1929 | 612.01 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.8% |
| 1930 | 621.58 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.6% |
| 1931 | 622.90 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.2% |
| 1932 | 626.22 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.5% |
| 1933 | 636.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.6% |
| 1934 | 645.96 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.5% |
| 1935 | 653.55 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.2% |
| 1936 | 660.83 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1937 | 674.77 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.1% |
| 1938 | 687.99 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.0% |
| 1939 | 694.30 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.9% |
| 1940 | 706.51 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.8% |
| 1941 | 713.38 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.0% |
| 1942 | 721.48 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.1% |
| 1943 | 721.59 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.0% |
| 1944 | 733.40 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.6% |
| 1945 | 744.64 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.5% |
| 1946 | 749.59 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.7% |
| 1947 | 753.66 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.5% |
| 1948 | 758.91 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.7% |
| 1949 | 768.80 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.3% |
| 1950 | 837.25 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +8.9% |
| 1951 | 870.60 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.0% |
| 1952 | 895.79 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.9% |
| 1953 | 912.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.8% |
| 1954 | 934.08 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.4% |
| 1955 | 955.25 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.3% |
| 1956 | 976.05 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.2% |
| 1957 | 1.00 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.5% |
| 1958 | 1.02 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.9% |
| 1959 | 1.04 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.3% |
| 1960 | 916.66 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -12.2% |
| 1961 | 1.03 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +12.1% |
| 1962 | 911.53 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -11.3% |
| 1963 | 899.99 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.3% |
| 1964 | 899.84 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.0% |
| 1965 | 901.79 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.2% |
| 1966 | 960.74 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +6.5% |
| 1967 | 974.10 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.4% |
| 1968 | 923.72 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -5.2% |
| 1969 | 951.63 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.0% |
| 1970 | 904.87 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -4.9% |
| 1971 | 947.72 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.7% |
| 1972 | 1.04 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +9.4% |
| 1973 | 1.03 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.3% |
| 1974 | 1.03 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.5% |
| 1975 | 1.04 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.7% |
| 1976 | 1.02 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.3% |
| 1977 | 1.15 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +13.0% |
| 1978 | 1.11 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -4.1% |
| 1979 | 1.08 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -2.1% |
| 1980 | 1.12 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.9% |
| 1981 | 1.18 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.7% |
| 1982 | 1.16 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.9% |
| 1983 | 1.30 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +12.3% |
| 1984 | 1.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -3.1% |
| 1985 | 1.29 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.3% |
| 1986 | 1.36 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.8% |
| 1987 | 1.35 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.6% |
| 1988 | 1.47 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +8.9% |
| 1989 | 1.51 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.7% |
| 1990 | 1.53 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.8% |
| 1991 | 1.56 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.3% |
| 1992 | 1.63 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.6% |
| 1993 | 1.64 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.3% |
| 1994 | 1.68 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.3% |
| 1995 | 1.71 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.2% |
| 1996 | 1.82 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +6.1% |
| 1997 | 1.83 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +0.8% |
| 1998 | 1.86 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.3% |
| 1999 | 1.94 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.5% |
| 2000 | 2.01 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.4% |
| 2001 | 2.00 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.3% |
| 2002 | 1.99 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.3% |
| 2003 | 2.06 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.3% |
| 2004 | 2.13 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.4% |
| 2005 | 2.21 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.6% |
| 2006 | 2.32 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.4% |
| 2007 | 2.49 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +6.9% |
| 2008 | 2.64 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +6.3% |
| 2009 | 2.74 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.7% |
| 2010 | 2.85 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.0% |
| 2011 | 2.95 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.6% |
| 2012 | 3.16 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +7.2% |
| 2013 | 3.12 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -1.2% |
| 2014 | 3.22 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.9% |
| 2015 | 3.29 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.3% |
| 2016 | 3.37 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +2.3% |
| 2017 | 3.42 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +1.5% |
| 2018 | 3.62 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +5.9% |
| 2019 | 3.61 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -0.1% |
| 2020 | 3.44 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | -4.9% |
| 2021 | 3.70 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +7.6% |
| 2022 | 3.87 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +4.7% |
| 2023 | 4.12 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +6.5% |
| 2024 | 4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | +3.4% |
India compared with similar countries
- India's 4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents is above the median for lower middle income countries, which is 42.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents, 99.8× the median. (46 countries reporting)
- India's 4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents is above the median for South Asia, which is 50.77 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents, 84.0× the median. (6 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1850s | 317.39 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 299.40 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 372.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1860s | 300.26 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 298.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 302.58 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1870s | 312.67 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 304.02 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 322.91 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1880s | 341.37 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 326.12 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 356.09 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1890s | 366.21 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 360.33 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 373.63 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1900s | 374.68 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 373.07 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 378.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1910s | 392.78 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 377.83 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 409.34 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1920s | 562.09 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 475.91 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 612.01 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1930s | 652.44 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 621.58 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 694.30 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1940s | 737.20 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 706.51 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 768.80 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1950s | 944.44 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 837.25 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.04 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1960s | 936.76 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 899.84 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.03 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1970s | 1.04 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 904.87 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.15 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1980s | 1.30 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.12 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.51 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 1990s | 1.72 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.53 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.94 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 2000s | 2.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 1.99 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2.74 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 2010s | 3.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2.85 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 3.62 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 10 |
| 2020s | 3.88 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 3.44 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 5 |
Countries ranked near India
More climate change data for India
- Nutrient nitrogen N (total) — Synthetic fertilizers (Agricultural) 27.69 billion kg (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) 602,760 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 105,678 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 497,082 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 398.78 kt (2050)
- Emissions from livestock — Emissions 17,753 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) 279,594 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from N2O 176,015 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions (CO2eq) from CH4 103,578 kt (2050)
- Emissions from crops — Emissions 664.21 kt (2050)
Frequently asked questions
- What is annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region in India?
- Annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region in India was 4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in 2024, according to Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region recorded in India?
- The highest recorded value was 4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in 2024.
- What is the lowest annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region recorded in India?
- The lowest recorded value was 298.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in 1862.
- How does India rank for annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region?
- India ranks 3rd out of 199 countries with data for 2024.
- Is annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region rising or falling in India?
- Over the last ten years it is up 32.5%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this India data come from?
- The figures come from Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 175 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Greenhouse gas emissions are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalents over a 100-year timescale.