Annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region by country

Greenhouse gas emissions are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalents over a 100-year timescale.

Countries reporting
195
Highest
14.11 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
China
Lowest
8,675 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
Niue
Median
43.59 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
Years covered
175
1850–2024
Data points
34,825

What the numbers show

Annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region is currently reported for 195 countries. The highest value is 14.11 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in China; the lowest is 8,675 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in Niue.

The median across all reporting countries is 43.59 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents, and the mean is 278.68 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents.

Over the past decade 100 countries rose and 95 fell. The largest increase was in Central African Republic (up 150.3%), and the largest decrease in Samoa (down 87.5%).

Annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 China 14.11 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 20.7% volatile
2 United States 6.05 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 8.4% volatile
3 India 4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 32.5% volatile
4 Brazil 2.80 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 6.7% volatile
5 Russia 2.73 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 20.3% volatile
6 Indonesia 1.90 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 11.3% volatile
7 Iran 1.01 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 28.4% volatile
8 Japan 1.01 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 22.5% volatile
9 Saudi Arabia 821.84 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 18.5% volatile
10 Canada 802.73 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 8.8% volatile
11 Democratic Republic of Congo 680.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 13.1% volatile
12 Turkey 680.01 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 42.9% volatile
13 Germany 659.65 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 27.2% volatile
14 Mexico 635.72 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 8.6% volatile
15 South Korea 630.57 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 5.2% volatile
16 Australia 609.92 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 9.1% volatile
17 Vietnam 583.50 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 0.6% volatile
18 South Africa 542.73 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 8.1% volatile
19 Pakistan 473.78 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 25.3% volatile
20 Thailand 456.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 0.4% volatile
21 Argentina 416.98 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 7.2% volatile
22 Iraq 398.13 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 47.5% volatile
23 United Kingdom 390.27 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 26.5% rising
24 Malaysia 388.69 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 23.2% volatile
25 Nigeria 384.68 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 3.3% volatile
26 Kazakhstan 372.23 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 5.8% volatile
27 Italy 355.97 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 8.5% volatile
28 France 337.88 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 15.9% volatile
29 Egypt 332.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 9.9% volatile
30 Poland 332.35 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 8.5% volatile
31 Philippines 305.72 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 25.6% volatile
32 Taiwan 283.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 4.7% volatile
33 Algeria 276.13 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 23.8% volatile
34 Spain 275.09 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 9.6% volatile
35 United Arab Emirates 262.13 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 5.4% volatile
36 Colombia 248.28 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 11.7% volatile
37 Ethiopia 247.14 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 1.2% volatile
38 Bangladesh 241.06 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 33.6% volatile
39 Ukraine 222.88 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 39.1% volatile
40 Uzbekistan 208.17 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 24.5% volatile
41 Venezuela 192.85 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 33.6% volatile
42 Tanzania 185.77 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 0.2% volatile
43 Myanmar 185.32 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 17.4% volatile
44 Kuwait 170.28 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 47.9% volatile
45 Bolivia 160.02 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 38.0% volatile
46 Angola 159.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 20.7% volatile
47 Peru 151.07 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 8.8% volatile
48 Qatar 149.23 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 29.2% volatile
49 Netherlands 147.21 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 25.1% volatile
50 Cote d'Ivoire 140.72 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 42.7% volatile
51 Sudan 134.30 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 7.6% volatile
52 Chad 125.91 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 34.0% volatile
53 Turkmenistan 118.34 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 21.0% volatile
54 Oman 117.09 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 23.9% volatile
55 Belgium 107.95 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 10.2% rising
56 Chile 104.40 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 17.3% volatile
57 Morocco 101.85 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 15.3% volatile
58 Kenya 99.48 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 16.0% volatile
59 Zambia 99.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 0.3% volatile
60 Mongolia 98.21 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 48.4% volatile
61 Libya 94.99 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 12.4% volatile
62 Belarus 94.58 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 10.0% rising
63 Cambodia 91.82 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 1.7% volatile
64 Romania 90.27 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 16.0% volatile
65 North Korea 89.80 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 20.1% volatile
66 Finland 87.95 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 2.2% volatile
67 Czechia 84.45 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 33.9% volatile
68 New Zealand 81.92 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 9.7% rising
69 Guinea 78.53 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 17.3% volatile
70 Central African Republic 68.66 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 150.3% volatile
71 Austria 68.25 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 11.4% volatile
72 Paraguay 66.21 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 24.3% volatile
73 Guatemala 65.67 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 18.8% volatile
74 Mali 65.66 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 27.4% volatile
75 Cameroon 64.83 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 2.1% volatile
76 Israel 64.15 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 8.4% volatile
77 Uganda 63.94 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 20.9% volatile
78 Ecuador 63.14 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 56.7% volatile
79 Bahrain 62.97 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 13.5% volatile
80 Madagascar 61.49 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 1.4% volatile
81 Laos 61.39 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 28.5% volatile
82 Singapore 61.18 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 14.2% volatile
83 Mozambique 60.43 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 26.6% volatile
85 Burkina Faso 59.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 12.8% volatile
86 South Sudan 58.85 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 0.6% volatile
87 Nepal 58.84 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 20.9% volatile
88 Azerbaijan 57.34 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 10.1% volatile
89 Sweden 56.95 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 8.5% rising
90 Greece 56.79 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 35.9% volatile
91 Norway 56.19 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 8.4% volatile
92 Portugal 54.19 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 7.7% volatile
93 Niger 52.13 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 2.7% volatile
94 Ghana 52.01 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 2.0% volatile
95 Dominican Republic 48.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 3.9% volatile
96 Somalia 47.85 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 9.5% volatile
97 Hungary 47.51 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 13.3% volatile
98 Denmark 45.94 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 15.2% volatile
99 Papua New Guinea 43.59 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 11.2% volatile
100 Tunisia 43.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 5.5% volatile
101 Uruguay 43.05 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 18.1% rising
102 Serbia 42.81 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 28.0% volatile
103 Sri Lanka 42.70 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 6.2% volatile
104 Congo 41.88 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 16.3% volatile
105 Trinidad and Tobago 40.98 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 23.9% volatile
106 Benin 40.93 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 41.7% volatile
107 Bulgaria 40.27 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 27.4% volatile
108 Switzerland 40.11 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 14.5% volatile
109 Afghanistan 39.89 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 30.0% rising
110 Cuba 39.44 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 1.7% volatile
111 Hong Kong 38.91 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 23.3% volatile
112 Nicaragua 38.64 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 11.2% volatile
113 Syria 38.62 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 20.9% volatile
114 Senegal 35.41 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 1.8% volatile
115 Honduras 34.53 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 24.7% volatile
116 Zimbabwe 31.07 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 22.1% volatile
117 Jordan 31.04 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 5.0% volatile
118 Gabon 27.38 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 7.3% volatile
119 Yemen 26.66 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 44.8% volatile
120 Bosnia and Herzegovina 26.47 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 3.5% volatile
121 Botswana 26.20 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 67.5% volatile
122 Malawi 25.00 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 8.8% volatile
123 Liberia 24.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 21.9% volatile
124 Kyrgyzstan 22.58 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 10.7% volatile
125 Croatia 22.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 1.8% volatile
126 Lithuania 21.78 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 5.9% rising
127 Tajikistan 21.43 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 54.4% volatile
128 Panama 21.15 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 1.2% volatile
129 Lebanon 20.65 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 27.6% volatile
130 Slovakia 19.73 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 70.5% volatile
131 Mauritania 18.20 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 26.3% volatile
132 Slovenia 18.11 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 16.1% volatile
133 Namibia 17.76 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 17.1% volatile
134 Sierra Leone 16.29 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 23.2% volatile
135 Costa Rica 14.98 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 9.6% volatile
136 Brunei 14.96 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 7.7% volatile
137 Latvia 13.86 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 3.2% rising
138 Guyana 13.39 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 28.8% rising
139 Togo 12.76 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 52.5% volatile
140 Georgia 12.43 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 38.7% volatile
141 Estonia 12.12 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 49.1% volatile
142 Haiti 11.87 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 31.3% volatile
143 Equatorial Guinea 11.69 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 29.7% volatile
144 Eritrea 10.42 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 14.2% volatile
145 Armenia 10.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 12.7% volatile
146 El Salvador 9.87 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 0.0% rising
147 Rwanda 9.72 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 15.9% volatile
148 Burundi 9.70 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 21.0% volatile
149 Cyprus 9.49 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 16.5% volatile
150 Jamaica 9.09 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 0.2% volatile
151 Guinea-Bissau 8.14 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 51.5% volatile
152 North Macedonia 8.08 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 25.2% volatile
153 Belize 7.95 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 7.6% volatile
155 Bhutan 7.39 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 0.3% volatile
156 Albania 6.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 38.1% volatile
157 Moldova 6.70 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 15.8% volatile
158 Lesotho 6.17 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 61.3% volatile
159 Suriname 5.64 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 22.8% volatile
160 Mauritius 5.44 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 3.7% volatile
161 Iceland 5.06 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 8.2% volatile
162 East Timor 4.88 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 4.0% volatile
163 Bahamas 3.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 42.7% volatile
164 Solomon Islands 3.40 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 19.5% volatile
165 Gambia 2.94 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 12.5% volatile
166 Maldives 2.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 70.3% volatile
167 Djibouti 2.11 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 18.1% volatile
169 Eswatini 1.62 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 3.6% volatile
170 Barbados 1.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 0.8% volatile
171 Fiji 1.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 29.0% volatile
172 Montenegro 1.22 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 148.6% rising
173 Macao 1.17 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 15.4% volatile
174 Comoros 1.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 73.6% volatile
175 Aruba 952,524 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 5.7% volatile
176 Cape Verde 843,988 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 16.2% volatile
177 Seychelles 763,918 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 40.8% volatile
178 Antigua and Barbuda 724,483 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 15.8% volatile
179 Saint Lucia 569,642 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 13.8% volatile
180 Andorra 531,268 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 8.5% volatile
181 Vanuatu 478,798 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 3.2% volatile
182 Grenada 403,726 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 67.9% volatile
183 Turks and Caicos Islands 385,594 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 20.8% volatile
184 Sao Tome and Principe 302,826 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 29.6% volatile
185 Saint Kitts and Nevis 297,336 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 25.6% rising
186 Palau 293,758 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 6.0% volatile
187 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 280,473 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 14.1% volatile
188 Tonga 274,878 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 5.4% volatile
189 British Virgin Islands 208,716 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 10.0% volatile
190 Micronesia (country) 207,206 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 8.7% volatile
191 Dominica 204,967 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 11.1% volatile
192 Samoa 155,648 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 87.5% volatile
194 Kiribati 110,865 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 28.2% volatile
195 Cook Islands 88,295 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 2.1% volatile
196 Nauru 63,898 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 19.1% volatile
197 Tuvalu 19,848 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 28.9% volatile
198 Saint Helena 14,776 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 up 4.0% volatile
199 Niue 8,675 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents 2024 down 10.3% volatile

About this data

Indicator
Annual greenhouse gas emissions by world region
Unit
tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
Source
Jones et al. (2025) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
199 places, 34,825 data points, 1850–2024
Last refreshed

Greenhouse gas emissions are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalents over a 100-year timescale.