Annual CO₂ emissions including land-use change, gaps filled by country
Annual CO₂ emissions including land-use change with 79 missing years estimated by linear interpolation between the nearest real observations. Only gaps of 4 years or fewer are filled, and never beyond the first or last actual measurement — these are filled holes, not forecasts.
Countries reporting
194
Highest
11.97 billion tonnes
China
Lowest
-1.27 million tonnes
Haiti
Median
29.17 million tonnes
Years covered
175
1850–2024
Data points
21,015
What the numbers show
Annual CO₂ emissions including land-use change, gaps filled is currently reported for 194 countries. The highest value is 11.97 billion tonnes in China; the lowest is -1.27 million tonnes in Haiti.
The median across all reporting countries is 29.17 million tonnes, and the mean is 217.68 million tonnes.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 9,409.
Over the past decade 91 countries rose and 103 fell. The largest increase was in Georgia (up 1,397.1%), and the largest decrease in Haiti (down 113.5%).
Annual CO₂ emissions including land-use change, gaps filled: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 11.97 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 21.6% | volatile |
| 2 | United States | 5.02 billion tonnes | 2024 | down 10.5% | volatile |
| 3 | India | 3.20 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 40.6% | volatile |
| 4 | Russia | 2.17 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 22.7% | rising |
| 5 | Brazil | 2.08 billion tonnes | 2024 | up 11.1% | volatile |
| 6 | Indonesia | 1.39 billion tonnes | 2024 | down 24.4% | volatile |
| 7 | Japan | 967.36 million tonnes | 2024 | down 22.9% | volatile |
| 8 | Iran | 816.89 million tonnes | 2024 | up 32.1% | volatile |
| 9 | Saudi Arabia | 692.61 million tonnes | 2024 | up 18.5% | volatile |
| 10 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 654.10 million tonnes | 2024 | down 23.1% | volatile |
| 11 | Canada | 645.29 million tonnes | 2024 | down 10.4% | volatile |
| 12 | South Korea | 580.06 million tonnes | 2024 | down 7.5% | volatile |
| 13 | Germany | 567.34 million tonnes | 2024 | down 28.3% | volatile |
| 14 | Turkey | 503.51 million tonnes | 2024 | up 41.9% | volatile |
| 15 | Vietnam | 484.17 million tonnes | 2024 | down 13.6% | volatile |
| 16 | South Africa | 443.64 million tonnes | 2024 | down 8.7% | volatile |
| 17 | Australia | 428.39 million tonnes | 2024 | down 10.1% | volatile |
| 18 | Mexico | 423.75 million tonnes | 2024 | down 18.7% | volatile |
| 19 | Thailand | 380.00 million tonnes | 2024 | up 8.7% | rising |
| 20 | Malaysia | 352.21 million tonnes | 2024 | down 28.6% | volatile |
| 21 | Argentina | 315.46 million tonnes | 2024 | down 13.9% | volatile |
| 22 | United Kingdom | 308.37 million tonnes | 2024 | down 31.8% | rising |
| 23 | Italy | 289.58 million tonnes | 2024 | down 5.3% | volatile |
| 24 | Kazakhstan | 279.20 million tonnes | 2024 | down 5.5% | volatile |
| 25 | Egypt | 261.16 million tonnes | 2024 | up 13.9% | volatile |
| 26 | Cote d'Ivoire | 252.40 million tonnes | 2024 | down 43.5% | volatile |
| 27 | France | 251.93 million tonnes | 2024 | down 19.9% | volatile |
| 28 | Poland | 243.98 million tonnes | 2024 | down 6.3% | volatile |
| 29 | Iraq | 235.90 million tonnes | 2024 | up 58.0% | volatile |
| 30 | Ethiopia | 231.87 million tonnes | 2024 | up 68.0% | volatile |
| 31 | United Arab Emirates | 221.99 million tonnes | 2024 | up 3.5% | volatile |
| 32 | Philippines | 217.69 million tonnes | 2024 | up 32.1% | rising |
| 33 | Spain | 209.88 million tonnes | 2024 | down 11.8% | volatile |
| 34 | Algeria | 200.74 million tonnes | 2024 | up 29.3% | volatile |
| 35 | Nigeria | 179.34 million tonnes | 2024 | up 22.2% | rising |
| 36 | Pakistan | 162.65 million tonnes | 2024 | up 4.5% | volatile |
| 37 | Ukraine | 148.08 million tonnes | 2024 | down 44.1% | volatile |
| 38 | Bolivia | 139.65 million tonnes | 2024 | up 56.9% | volatile |
| 39 | Uzbekistan | 138.44 million tonnes | 2024 | up 31.4% | volatile |
| 40 | Kuwait | 129.53 million tonnes | 2024 | up 72.7% | volatile |
| 41 | Venezuela | 125.94 million tonnes | 2024 | down 32.8% | volatile |
| 42 | Qatar | 125.83 million tonnes | 2024 | up 37.3% | volatile |
| 43 | Bangladesh | 123.12 million tonnes | 2024 | up 57.5% | volatile |
| 44 | Netherlands | 119.93 million tonnes | 2024 | down 26.8% | volatile |
| 45 | Colombia | 107.19 million tonnes | 2024 | down 42.5% | volatile |
| 46 | Myanmar | 105.88 million tonnes | 2024 | down 22.2% | volatile |
| 47 | Tanzania | 99.04 million tonnes | 2024 | down 24.8% | rising |
| 48 | Belgium | 89.30 million tonnes | 2024 | down 11.0% | rising |
| 49 | Chile | 88.32 million tonnes | 2024 | down 23.3% | volatile |
| 50 | Peru | 86.93 million tonnes | 2024 | down 29.0% | volatile |
| 51 | Oman | 82.93 million tonnes | 2024 | up 24.6% | volatile |
| 52 | Turkmenistan | 80.68 million tonnes | 2024 | up 28.6% | volatile |
| 53 | Zambia | 74.63 million tonnes | 2024 | down 17.5% | rising |
| 54 | North Korea | 72.54 million tonnes | 2024 | up 38.7% | volatile |
| 55 | Angola | 72.34 million tonnes | 2024 | down 43.8% | volatile |
| 56 | Czechia | 69.94 million tonnes | 2024 | down 28.7% | volatile |
| 57 | Cambodia | 65.30 million tonnes | 2024 | up 25.9% | volatile |
| 58 | Libya | 65.06 million tonnes | 2024 | down 4.1% | volatile |
| 59 | Finland | 63.03 million tonnes | 2024 | down 8.9% | rising |
| 60 | Morocco | 56.26 million tonnes | 2024 | up 7.4% | rising |
| 61 | Austria | 55.70 million tonnes | 2024 | down 13.1% | volatile |
| 62 | Singapore | 54.02 million tonnes | 2024 | up 12.7% | volatile |
| 63 | Guinea | 53.83 million tonnes | 2024 | down 38.3% | volatile |
| 64 | Israel | 52.60 million tonnes | 2024 | down 12.9% | volatile |
| 65 | Belarus | 52.30 million tonnes | 2024 | down 21.1% | rising |
| 66 | Central African Republic | 50.66 million tonnes | 2024 | up 1,000.4% | volatile |
| 67 | Benin | 50.15 million tonnes | 2024 | up 55.7% | volatile |
| 68 | Guatemala | 49.46 million tonnes | 2024 | down 16.4% | volatile |
| 69 | Romania | 47.18 million tonnes | 2024 | down 37.0% | volatile |
| 70 | Mongolia | 46.26 million tonnes | 2024 | up 19.4% | rising |
| 71 | New Zealand | 46.22 million tonnes | 2024 | down 10.7% | rising |
| 72 | Sweden | 46.09 million tonnes | 2024 | down 3.4% | rising |
| 73 | Norway | 44.93 million tonnes | 2024 | down 9.9% | volatile |
| 74 | Laos | 43.85 million tonnes | 2024 | down 47.2% | volatile |
| 75 | Azerbaijan | 42.48 million tonnes | 2024 | up 13.6% | volatile |
| 76 | Portugal | 39.66 million tonnes | 2024 | down 9.5% | volatile |
| 77 | Mozambique | 39.18 million tonnes | 2024 | down 8.8% | rising |
| 78 | Bahrain | 39.00 million tonnes | 2024 | up 25.9% | volatile |
| 79 | Mali | 38.30 million tonnes | 2024 | up 6.4% | volatile |
| 80 | Papua New Guinea | 36.31 million tonnes | 2024 | down 19.2% | volatile |
| 81 | Madagascar | 35.57 million tonnes | 2024 | down 1.4% | falling |
| 82 | Burkina Faso | 34.95 million tonnes | 2024 | up 0.0% | volatile |
| 83 | Ghana | 34.56 million tonnes | 2024 | up 1.0% | volatile |
| 84 | Kenya | 34.46 million tonnes | 2024 | down 33.3% | rising |
| 85 | Trinidad and Tobago | 34.41 million tonnes | 2024 | down 25.8% | volatile |
| 86 | Ecuador | 33.80 million tonnes | 2024 | down 70.2% | volatile |
| 87 | Dominican Republic | 33.24 million tonnes | 2024 | down 18.0% | volatile |
| 88 | Cameroon | 33.09 million tonnes | 2024 | down 6.4% | falling |
| 89 | Greece | 33.00 million tonnes | 2024 | down 45.0% | volatile |
| 90 | Ireland | 32.98 million tonnes | 2024 | down 17.9% | volatile |
| 91 | Switzerland | 31.94 million tonnes | 2024 | down 18.4% | volatile |
| 92 | Tunisia | 31.34 million tonnes | 2024 | up 10.8% | volatile |
| 93 | Sri Lanka | 31.18 million tonnes | 2024 | up 4.4% | volatile |
| 94 | Somalia | 30.47 million tonnes | 2024 | up 39.8% | rising |
| 95 | Slovakia | 30.44 million tonnes | 2024 | down 23.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Denmark | 30.32 million tonnes | 2024 | down 22.8% | volatile |
| 97 | Hungary | 29.27 million tonnes | 2024 | down 14.8% | volatile |
| 98 | Afghanistan | 29.07 million tonnes | 2024 | up 231.3% | volatile |
| 99 | Sudan | 26.66 million tonnes | 2024 | down 54.2% | volatile |
| 100 | Congo | 26.17 million tonnes | 2024 | up 25.1% | volatile |
| 101 | Honduras | 26.08 million tonnes | 2024 | up 41.6% | volatile |
| 102 | Serbia | 25.61 million tonnes | 2024 | up 124.2% | rising |
| 103 | Nepal | 25.53 million tonnes | 2024 | up 80.8% | rising |
| 104 | Syria | 25.39 million tonnes | 2024 | down 26.2% | volatile |
| 105 | Liberia | 25.12 million tonnes | 2024 | down 22.8% | volatile |
| 106 | Jordan | 24.54 million tonnes | 2024 | down 10.1% | volatile |
| 107 | Cuba | 24.34 million tonnes | 2024 | up 37.6% | volatile |
| 108 | Bulgaria | 23.79 million tonnes | 2024 | down 41.0% | volatile |
| 109 | Paraguay | 23.21 million tonnes | 2024 | down 50.3% | volatile |
| 110 | Senegal | 19.98 million tonnes | 2024 | down 26.3% | volatile |
| 111 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 18.80 million tonnes | 2024 | up 8.2% | volatile |
| 112 | South Sudan | 16.71 million tonnes | 2024 | down 25.7% | volatile |
| 113 | Croatia | 15.85 million tonnes | 2024 | down 8.1% | rising |
| 114 | Lebanon | 15.72 million tonnes | 2024 | down 34.5% | volatile |
| 115 | Nicaragua | 15.01 million tonnes | 2024 | up 20.1% | volatile |
| 116 | Slovenia | 15.00 million tonnes | 2024 | down 15.4% | volatile |
| 117 | Panama | 14.67 million tonnes | 2024 | down 5.3% | rising |
| 118 | Brunei | 12.89 million tonnes | 2024 | up 22.3% | volatile |
| 119 | Gabon | 12.77 million tonnes | 2024 | up 4.9% | rising |
| 120 | Zimbabwe | 11.95 million tonnes | 2024 | up 23.6% | volatile |
| 121 | Lithuania | 11.86 million tonnes | 2024 | down 2.5% | falling |
| 122 | Kyrgyzstan | 11.44 million tonnes | 2024 | up 12.7% | volatile |
| 123 | Malawi | 11.14 million tonnes | 2024 | down 22.5% | falling |
| 124 | Uganda | 10.90 million tonnes | 2024 | down 24.2% | falling |
| 125 | Tajikistan | 10.81 million tonnes | 2024 | up 49.7% | volatile |
| 126 | Yemen | 10.33 million tonnes | 2024 | down 59.2% | volatile |
| 127 | Sierra Leone | 9.59 million tonnes | 2024 | down 46.7% | volatile |
| 128 | Niger | 9.52 million tonnes | 2024 | down 69.9% | volatile |
| 129 | Latvia | 9.41 million tonnes | 2024 | up 23.5% | volatile |
| 130 | Chad | 9.38 million tonnes | 2024 | down 65.8% | volatile |
| 131 | Lesotho | 9.29 million tonnes | 2024 | up 271.0% | volatile |
| 132 | El Salvador | 9.17 million tonnes | 2024 | up 41.3% | rising |
| 133 | Uruguay | 8.51 million tonnes | 2024 | down 54.6% | volatile |
| 134 | Equatorial Guinea | 8.38 million tonnes | 2024 | up 11.1% | volatile |
| 135 | Bhutan | 8.19 million tonnes | 2024 | down 13.3% | falling |
| 136 | Eritrea | 8.15 million tonnes | 2024 | up 60.6% | volatile |
| 137 | Namibia | 8.11 million tonnes | 2024 | up 22.7% | rising |
| 138 | Estonia | 8.10 million tonnes | 2024 | down 55.5% | volatile |
| 139 | Jamaica | 8.01 million tonnes | 2024 | down 4.8% | volatile |
| 140 | Guyana | 7.99 million tonnes | 2024 | up 15.2% | volatile |
| 141 | Costa Rica | 7.77 million tonnes | 2024 | down 20.9% | volatile |
| 142 | Armenia | 7.46 million tonnes | 2024 | up 19.3% | volatile |
| 143 | Botswana | 7.27 million tonnes | 2024 | down 10.6% | rising |
| 144 | Luxembourg | 7.18 million tonnes | 2024 | down 28.1% | rising |
| 145 | Belize | 7.17 million tonnes | 2024 | down 2.4% | volatile |
| 146 | Cyprus | 6.40 million tonnes | 2024 | down 15.5% | volatile |
| 147 | North Macedonia | 6.13 million tonnes | 2024 | down 35.7% | volatile |
| 148 | Mauritania | 5.61 million tonnes | 2024 | up 92.5% | volatile |
| 149 | Solomon Islands | 5.55 million tonnes | 2024 | down 21.2% | volatile |
| 150 | Guinea-Bissau | 5.28 million tonnes | 2024 | up 257.5% | volatile |
| 151 | Burundi | 5.21 million tonnes | 2024 | up 1.5% | falling |
| 152 | Georgia | 5.14 million tonnes | 2024 | up 1,397.1% | volatile |
| 153 | Palestine | 4.82 million tonnes | 2024 | up 66.7% | volatile |
| 154 | Togo | 4.79 million tonnes | 2024 | down 13.5% | volatile |
| 155 | Mauritius | 4.64 million tonnes | 2024 | down 2.8% | volatile |
| 156 | East Timor | 4.43 million tonnes | 2024 | up 14.5% | rising |
| 157 | Rwanda | 4.32 million tonnes | 2024 | up 4.7% | falling |
| 158 | Iceland | 4.16 million tonnes | 2024 | up 11.1% | rising |
| 159 | Albania | 4.02 million tonnes | 2024 | down 40.2% | rising |
| 160 | Suriname | 3.16 million tonnes | 2024 | down 44.4% | rising |
| 161 | Bahamas | 3.05 million tonnes | 2024 | up 49.1% | volatile |
| 162 | Maldives | 2.31 million tonnes | 2024 | up 74.8% | volatile |
| 163 | Moldova | 1.94 million tonnes | 2024 | up 156.5% | volatile |
| 164 | Malta | 1.66 million tonnes | 2024 | down 30.4% | volatile |
| 165 | Barbados | 1.30 million tonnes | 2024 | up 4.9% | volatile |
| 166 | Eswatini | 1.26 million tonnes | 2024 | up 11.3% | volatile |
| 167 | Gambia | 1.12 million tonnes | 2024 | down 36.7% | volatile |
| 168 | Djibouti | 665,467 tonnes | 2024 | up 30.4% | volatile |
| 169 | Seychelles | 652,571 tonnes | 2024 | up 42.5% | volatile |
| 170 | Antigua and Barbuda | 638,832 tonnes | 2024 | up 20.5% | volatile |
| 171 | Cape Verde | 596,607 tonnes | 2024 | up 13.4% | volatile |
| 172 | Comoros | 578,177 tonnes | 2024 | up 198.6% | volatile |
| 173 | Saint Lucia | 440,473 tonnes | 2024 | up 21.2% | volatile |
| 174 | Andorra | 418,691 tonnes | 2024 | down 8.5% | falling |
| 175 | Fiji | 364,692 tonnes | 2024 | down 42.2% | volatile |
| 176 | Grenada | 292,846 tonnes | 2024 | up 197.3% | volatile |
| 177 | Sao Tome and Principe | 265,146 tonnes | 2024 | up 48.1% | volatile |
| 178 | Palau | 226,099 tonnes | 2024 | up 2.8% | rising |
| 179 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 201,719 tonnes | 2024 | up 30.0% | volatile |
| 180 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 187,250 tonnes | 2024 | down 35.6% | volatile |
| 181 | Tonga | 168,149 tonnes | 2024 | down 16.7% | volatile |
| 182 | Marshall Islands | 154,480 tonnes | 2024 | up 11.0% | rising |
| 183 | Micronesia (country) | 150,626 tonnes | 2024 | up 8.2% | falling |
| 184 | Liechtenstein | 117,224 tonnes | 2024 | down 18.8% | rising |
| 185 | Cook Islands | 80,083 tonnes | 2024 | down 0.7% | rising |
| 186 | Dominica | 78,818 tonnes | 2024 | up 246.4% | volatile |
| 187 | Kiribati | 72,456 tonnes | 2024 | up 31.8% | rising |
| 188 | Nauru | 61,390 tonnes | 2024 | up 19.7% | falling |
| 189 | Samoa | 13,582 tonnes | 2024 | down 98.4% | volatile |
| 190 | Tuvalu | 11,440 tonnes | 2024 | up 56.1% | rising |
| 191 | Niue | 7,627 tonnes | 2024 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 192 | Montenegro | -83,605 tonnes | 2024 | up 94.3% | volatile |
| 193 | Vanuatu | -118,281 tonnes | 2024 | up 89.9% | volatile |
| 194 | Haiti | -1.27 million tonnes | 2024 | down 113.5% | volatile |
How this figure is calculated
Annual CO₂ emissions including land-use change with 79 missing years estimated by linear interpolation between the nearest real observations. Only gaps of 4 years or fewer are filled, and never beyond the first or last actual measurement — these are filled holes, not forecasts.
Computed from
- Annual co2 including land use Our World in Data
Statizoid computes this series; the underlying measurements belong to the publishers named above. The arithmetic is applied to every country and year where both inputs report, and nothing is estimated unless the page says so.
About this data
Annual CO₂ emissions including land-use change with 79 missing years estimated by linear interpolation between the nearest real observations. Only gaps of 4 years or fewer are filled, and never beyond the first or last actual measurement — these are filled holes, not forecasts.