Annual primary energy fossil vs low carbon by country

Countries reporting
79
Highest
632.58
China
Lowest
-22.97
Taiwan
Median
1.17
Years covered
60
1966–2025
Data points
4,604

What the numbers show

Annual primary energy fossil vs low carbon is currently reported for 79 countries. The highest value is 632.58 in China; the lowest is -22.97 in Taiwan.

The median across all reporting countries is 1.17, and the mean is 11.9.

The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 28.

Over the past decade 45 countries rose and 33 fell. The largest increase was in Trinidad and Tobago (up 516,666.0%), and the largest decrease in Kuwait (down 3,465.2%).

Annual primary energy fossil vs low carbon: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 China 632.58 2025 up 187.0% volatile
2 India 100.34 2025 up 11,081.7% volatile
3 United States 54.79 2025 up 110.0% volatile
4 Japan 47.09 2025 up 4.8% volatile
5 Brazil 31.39 2025 down 8.9% volatile
6 France 29.67 2025 up 1,359.4% volatile
7 Pakistan 19.53 2025 up 60,799.1% volatile
8 Vietnam 16.41 2025 up 375.5% volatile
9 Colombia 16.36 2025 up 5,112.0% volatile
10 Australia 11.41 2025 up 345.9% volatile
11 Canada 10.82 2025 up 513.2% volatile
12 South Africa 9.85 2025 up 559.2% volatile
13 New Zealand 9.06 2025 up 45.8% volatile
14 Saudi Arabia 8.7 2025 volatile
15 Czechia 8.04 2025 up 178.2% volatile
16 Italy 7.32 2025 up 206.6% volatile
17 Egypt 6.21 2025 up 618.1% volatile
18 Poland 6.01 2025 up 267.6% volatile
19 Norway 5.32 2025 up 133.2% volatile
20 Ecuador 5.29 2025 up 199.3% volatile
21 Netherlands 4.53 2025 up 292.2% volatile
22 Spain 4.23 2025 up 134.8% volatile
23 United Arab Emirates 4.15 2025 up 38,471.7% volatile
24 Belarus 4.09 2025 up 37,823.9% volatile
25 Uzbekistan 3.86 2025 up 2,445.6% volatile
26 Israel 3.35 2025 up 765.4% volatile
27 Peru 3.16 2025 up 169.9% volatile
28 Ukraine 3.16 2025 up 158.2% volatile
29 Hungary 3.04 2025 up 446.7% volatile
30 Oman 2.64 2025 up 105,346.0% volatile
31 Turkey 2.56 2025 down 93.7% volatile
32 Sri Lanka 2.21 2025 up 41.9% volatile
33 Malaysia 2.11 2025 up 17.7% volatile
34 Ireland 1.75 2025 up 19.8% volatile
35 Lithuania 1.6 2025 up 401.4% volatile
36 Germany 1.6 2025 down 87.5% volatile
37 Qatar 1.48 2025 up 2,679.6% volatile
38 Philippines 1.43 2025 down 83.5% volatile
39 Finland 1.39 2025 down 45.7% volatile
40 Argentina 1.17 2025 down 79.9% volatile
41 North Macedonia 1.11 2025 up 42.9% volatile
42 Slovakia 0.8701 2025 up 243.3% volatile
43 Hong Kong 0.5633 2025 up 201.0% volatile
44 Cyprus 0.2349 2025 up 182.1% volatile
45 Bangladesh 0.2214 2025 down 30.7% volatile
46 Morocco 0.2027 2025 down 76.1% volatile
47 Bulgaria 0.1847 2025 down 58.9% volatile
48 Denmark 0.1772 2025 down 77.0% volatile
49 Singapore 0.1644 2025 down 30.4% volatile
50 Estonia 0.1495 2025 down 34.0% volatile
51 Trinidad and Tobago 0.1395 2025 up 516,666.0% volatile
52 Azerbaijan 0.0823 2025 down 76.7% volatile
53 Turkmenistan -0 2025 down 101.3% volatile
54 Algeria -0.0138 2025 up 56.8% volatile
55 Kazakhstan -0.0183 2025 down 101.6% volatile
56 Latvia -0.0207 2025 down 109.1% volatile
57 Kuwait -0.061 2025 down 3,465.2% volatile
58 Venezuela -0.0754 2025 up 98.7% volatile
59 Croatia -0.1618 2025 up 92.9% volatile
60 Luxembourg -0.3889 2025 down 294.8% volatile
61 Portugal -0.5683 2025 up 90.9% volatile
62 Romania -0.6788 2025 down 149.3% volatile
63 Slovenia -0.7674 2025 up 83.3% volatile
64 Iraq -0.8278 2025 down 186.4% volatile
65 Russia -1.54 2025 down 104.0% volatile
66 Mexico -1.54 2025 down 145.7% volatile
67 Greece -2.35 2025 down 184.4% volatile
68 United Kingdom -3.98 2025 down 108.0% volatile
69 Iceland -3.99 2025 down 196.5% volatile
70 Chile -5.44 2025 down 239.6% volatile
71 Austria -7.19 2025 down 226.3% volatile
72 Indonesia -8.03 2025 up 11.6% volatile
73 Sweden -8.79 2025 down 16.9% volatile
74 Iran -10.67 2025 down 239.8% volatile
75 South Korea -12.72 2025 down 141.6% volatile
76 Thailand -18.64 2025 down 186.8% volatile
77 Belgium -19.97 2025 up 2.1% volatile
78 Switzerland -22.61 2025 down 73.8% volatile
79 Taiwan -22.97 2025 down 30.0% volatile

Regions and income groups

Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.

About this data

Indicator
Annual primary energy fossil vs low carbon
Source
Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
82 places, 4,604 data points, 1966–2025
Last refreshed