Greenhouse gas emissions by sector by country

Emissions are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalents.

Countries reporting
189
Highest
808.71 million tonnes
India
Lowest
0 tonnes
Niue
Median
6.89 million tonnes
Years covered
34
1990–2023
Data points
6,559

What the numbers show

Greenhouse gas emissions by sector is currently reported for 189 countries. The highest value is 808.71 million tonnes in India; the lowest is 0 tonnes in Niue.

The median across all reporting countries is 6.89 million tonnes, and the mean is 32.86 million tonnes.

Over the past decade 86 countries rose and 82 fell. The largest increase was in Malawi (up 115.6%), and the largest decrease in Bahamas (down 50.0%).

Greenhouse gas emissions by sector: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 India 808.71 million tonnes 2023 up 10.0% rising
2 China 691.17 million tonnes 2023 down 0.5% rising
3 Brazil 581.95 million tonnes 2023 up 14.7% rising
4 United States 366.83 million tonnes 2023 up 0.3% flat
5 Pakistan 233.25 million tonnes 2023 up 35.3% rising
6 Australia 214.60 million tonnes 2023 up 51.6% falling
7 Indonesia 154.20 million tonnes 2023 up 8.2% rising
8 Ethiopia 136.13 million tonnes 2023 up 31.7% rising
9 Argentina 133.12 million tonnes 2023 up 5.2% rising
10 Mexico 104.28 million tonnes 2023 up 9.7% rising
11 Russia 102.68 million tonnes 2023 up 3.1% falling
12 Chad 95.73 million tonnes 2023 up 73.2% rising
13 Bangladesh 90.59 million tonnes 2023 up 7.6% rising
14 Nigeria 84.86 million tonnes 2023 up 19.6% rising
15 Thailand 82.60 million tonnes 2023 up 2.2% rising
16 Sudan 77.34 million tonnes 2023 up 2.1% rising
17 Tanzania 76.79 million tonnes 2023 up 36.4% rising
18 Colombia 74.18 million tonnes 2023 up 25.1% rising
19 Vietnam 73.52 million tonnes 2023 down 1.0% rising
20 France 67.09 million tonnes 2023 down 13.4% falling
21 Canada 66.55 million tonnes 2023 up 8.8% rising
22 Philippines 65.85 million tonnes 2023 up 1.7% rising
23 Myanmar 61.04 million tonnes 2023 down 21.4% rising
24 Turkey 54.70 million tonnes 2023 up 23.7% rising
25 Germany 54.59 million tonnes 2023 down 16.8% falling
26 Kenya 53.34 million tonnes 2023 up 25.2% rising
27 United Kingdom 50.09 million tonnes 2023 down 2.3% falling
28 South Sudan 47.55 million tonnes 2023 up 3.3% rising
29 Uzbekistan 42.15 million tonnes 2023 up 39.3% rising
30 Mali 41.37 million tonnes 2023 up 43.2% rising
31 Venezuela 41.33 million tonnes 2023 down 2.6% rising
32 New Zealand 40.45 million tonnes 2023 down 9.7% flat
33 Iran 39.87 million tonnes 2023 up 4.9% falling
34 Spain 38.13 million tonnes 2023 down 2.5% flat
35 Niger 36.45 million tonnes 2023 up 45.7% rising
36 Angola 35.60 million tonnes 2023 up 1.4% rising
37 Poland 34.34 million tonnes 2023 up 4.6% falling
38 Bolivia 33.96 million tonnes 2023 up 23.1% rising
39 Mongolia 32.71 million tonnes 2023 up 47.8% rising
40 Paraguay 31.85 million tonnes 2023 up 1.9% rising
41 South Africa 31.49 million tonnes 2023 down 2.1% falling
42 Italy 31.48 million tonnes 2023 down 4.7% falling
43 Uganda 30.77 million tonnes 2023 up 19.8% rising
44 Uruguay 28.59 million tonnes 2023 down 0.1% rising
45 Democratic Republic of Congo 27.76 million tonnes 2023 up 4.5% rising
46 Peru 27.54 million tonnes 2023 up 3.4% rising
47 Cambodia 25.58 million tonnes 2023 up 12.3% rising
48 Madagascar 24.83 million tonnes 2023 up 6.5% flat
49 Guinea 24.37 million tonnes 2023 up 37.0% rising
50 Burkina Faso 24.28 million tonnes 2023 up 11.9% rising
51 Egypt 24.26 million tonnes 2023 down 21.8% rising
52 Kazakhstan 23.95 million tonnes 2023 up 14.2% falling
53 Zambia 23.86 million tonnes 2023 down 0.7% rising
54 Belarus 23.57 million tonnes 2023 down 4.0% falling
55 Somalia 23.49 million tonnes 2023 down 1.2% rising
57 Ukraine 23.20 million tonnes 2023 down 28.2% falling
58 Japan 22.77 million tonnes 2023 down 5.3% falling
59 Nepal 20.90 million tonnes 2023 down 20.4% rising
60 Netherlands 18.62 million tonnes 2023 down 7.3% falling
61 Mozambique 18.18 million tonnes 2023 down 1.2% rising
62 Afghanistan 16.07 million tonnes 2023 down 3.2% rising
63 Central African Republic 15.55 million tonnes 2023 down 15.3% flat
64 South Korea 15.37 million tonnes 2023 up 4.3% falling
65 Romania 14.83 million tonnes 2023 down 2.8% falling
66 Botswana 14.34 million tonnes 2023 up 80.2% falling
67 Morocco 14.31 million tonnes 2023 down 1.5% rising
68 Algeria 13.54 million tonnes 2023 up 11.6% rising
69 Senegal 13.48 million tonnes 2023 up 20.4% rising
70 Turkmenistan 13.16 million tonnes 2023 up 15.1% rising
71 Nicaragua 13.01 million tonnes 2023 up 22.7% rising
72 Cameroon 12.98 million tonnes 2023 up 1.2% rising
73 Laos 12.31 million tonnes 2023 up 26.4% rising
74 Saudi Arabia 12.12 million tonnes 2023 up 93.6% rising
75 Zimbabwe 12.10 million tonnes 2023 down 1.3% flat
76 Ecuador 11.76 million tonnes 2023 down 25.4% falling
77 Ghana 11.28 million tonnes 2023 up 17.6% rising
78 Guatemala 11.19 million tonnes 2023 up 16.7% rising
79 Malawi 10.67 million tonnes 2023 up 115.6% volatile
80 Mauritania 10.54 million tonnes 2023 up 14.7% rising
81 Malaysia 10.11 million tonnes 2023 down 11.6% rising
82 Dominican Republic 10.00 million tonnes 2023 up 10.7% rising
83 Denmark 9.94 million tonnes 2023 down 6.9% falling
84 Chile 9.86 million tonnes 2023 down 8.2% falling
85 Cuba 9.16 million tonnes 2023 down 24.7% falling
86 Belgium 8.91 million tonnes 2023 down 9.7% falling
87 Yemen 8.80 million tonnes 2023 up 5.4% rising
88 Namibia 8.14 million tonnes 2023 up 2.0% rising
89 Iraq 7.96 million tonnes 2023 down 9.2% rising
90 Tajikistan 7.69 million tonnes 2023 up 26.5% rising
91 Honduras 7.57 million tonnes 2023 up 9.1% rising
92 Sweden 7.35 million tonnes 2023 down 5.2% falling
93 Cote d'Ivoire 7.20 million tonnes 2023 up 8.8% rising
94 Austria 7.15 million tonnes 2023 down 7.3% falling
95 Greece 7.01 million tonnes 2023 down 15.7% falling
96 Syria 6.89 million tonnes 2023 down 2.7% flat
97 Hungary 6.88 million tonnes 2023 down 5.2% falling
98 Sri Lanka 6.80 million tonnes 2023 down 3.1% flat
99 Benin 6.77 million tonnes 2023 up 32.7% rising
100 Portugal 6.75 million tonnes 2023 down 4.0% falling
101 Azerbaijan 6.62 million tonnes 2023 down 6.1% rising
102 Finland 6.35 million tonnes 2023 down 4.7% falling
103 Kyrgyzstan 6.09 million tonnes 2023 up 20.6% rising
104 Czechia 5.88 million tonnes 2023 down 8.8% falling
105 Serbia 5.77 million tonnes 2023 down 20.2% falling
106 Switzerland 5.72 million tonnes 2023 down 5.3% falling
107 Costa Rica 5.67 million tonnes 2023 up 44.6% flat
108 Norway 5.15 million tonnes 2023 unchanged falling
109 Lithuania 5.04 million tonnes 2023 down 12.0% falling
110 Bulgaria 5.02 million tonnes 2023 up 2.2% falling
111 Eritrea 4.89 million tonnes 2023 up 4.9% rising
112 North Korea 4.88 million tonnes 2023 down 23.0% falling
113 Haiti 4.71 million tonnes 2023 up 2.8% rising
114 Tunisia 4.29 million tonnes 2023 down 4.2% rising
115 Sierra Leone 4.11 million tonnes 2023 up 9.9% rising
116 Burundi 3.88 million tonnes 2023 up 69.4% volatile
117 Panama 3.75 million tonnes 2023 down 7.6% rising
118 Togo 3.65 million tonnes 2023 up 23.3% rising
119 Rwanda 3.09 million tonnes 2023 up 1.6% rising
120 Libya 3.05 million tonnes 2023 up 1.0% rising
121 Latvia 2.88 million tonnes 2023 down 3.0% falling
122 Papua New Guinea 2.67 million tonnes 2023 up 9.9% rising
123 Congo 2.60 million tonnes 2023 down 15.9% rising
124 Croatia 2.29 million tonnes 2023 down 13.3% falling
125 United Arab Emirates 2.26 million tonnes 2023 up 23.5% rising
126 Slovakia 2.24 million tonnes 2023 down 11.1% falling
127 El Salvador 2.19 million tonnes 2023 down 16.1% falling
128 Estonia 2.12 million tonnes 2023 down 1.9% falling
129 Albania 2.08 million tonnes 2023 down 35.8% falling
130 Georgia 2.05 million tonnes 2023 down 18.3% falling
131 Oman 2.00 million tonnes 2023 up 20.5% rising
132 Guyana 1.98 million tonnes 2023 up 1.5% rising
133 Guinea-Bissau 1.89 million tonnes 2023 up 1.1% rising
134 Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.81 million tonnes 2023 down 35.6% flat
135 Slovenia 1.57 million tonnes 2023 down 5.4% falling
136 Israel 1.50 million tonnes 2023 up 4.2% rising
137 Moldova 1.45 million tonnes 2023 down 8.8% falling
138 Jordan 1.35 million tonnes 2023 up 21.6% rising
139 Lesotho 1.22 million tonnes 2023 down 15.9% falling
140 Gambia 1.17 million tonnes 2023 down 10.0% rising
141 Armenia 1.16 million tonnes 2023 down 31.0% rising
142 East Timor 1.12 million tonnes 2023 up 23.1% rising
143 North Macedonia 970,000 tonnes 2023 down 28.7% falling
143 Eswatini 970,000 tonnes 2023 down 14.2% falling
145 Djibouti 760,000 tonnes 2023 up 2.7% rising
145 Lebanon 760,000 tonnes 2023 up 1.3% rising
147 Qatar 640,000 tonnes 2023 up 93.9% volatile
147 Suriname 640,000 tonnes 2023 down 4.5% falling
150 Jamaica 600,000 tonnes 2023 down 4.8% falling
151 Iceland 590,000 tonnes 2023 down 3.3% falling
152 Fiji 570,000 tonnes 2023 down 42.4% falling
153 Kuwait 560,000 tonnes 2023 up 36.6% rising
154 Gabon 510,000 tonnes 2023 down 7.3% rising
155 Liberia 490,000 tonnes 2023 up 6.5% rising
156 Bhutan 460,000 tonnes 2023 down 14.8% flat
157 Belize 380,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged rising
158 Montenegro 370,000 tonnes 2023 down 15.9% falling
159 Cyprus 280,000 tonnes 2023 down 26.3% falling
159 Vanuatu 280,000 tonnes 2023 down 42.9% falling
161 Trinidad and Tobago 270,000 tonnes 2023 down 3.6% rising
162 Samoa 150,000 tonnes 2023 down 28.6% rising
163 Mauritius 120,000 tonnes 2023 down 7.7% falling
164 Brunei 110,000 tonnes 2023 up 10.0% rising
164 Comoros 110,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged falling
164 Cape Verde 110,000 tonnes 2023 down 8.3% flat
167 Solomon Islands 80,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged rising
167 Tonga 80,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged rising
170 Micronesia (country) 70,000 tonnes 2023 up 16.7% rising
171 Barbados 60,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged falling
172 Bahrain 40,000 tonnes 2023 down 33.3% rising
172 Dominica 40,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged falling
174 Grenada 30,000 tonnes 2023 up 50.0% rising
174 Saint Lucia 30,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged falling
176 Antigua and Barbuda 20,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged falling
176 Bahamas 20,000 tonnes 2023 down 50.0% rising
176 Equatorial Guinea 20,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged flat
176 Singapore 20,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged volatile
176 Sao Tome and Principe 20,000 tonnes 2023 up 100.0% rising
181 Kiribati 10,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged flat
181 Saint Kitts and Nevis 10,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged falling
181 Seychelles 10,000 tonnes 2023 volatile
181 Tuvalu 10,000 tonnes 2023 unchanged flat
181 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 10,000 tonnes 2023 down 50.0% falling
181 Cook Islands 10,000 tonnes 2023 down 50.0% rising
187 Andorra 0 tonnes 2023 flat
187 Maldives 0 tonnes 2023 flat
187 Marshall Islands 0 tonnes 2023 flat
187 Nauru 0 tonnes 2023 flat
187 Palau 0 tonnes 2023 flat
187 Niue 0 tonnes 2023 flat

About this data

Indicator
Greenhouse gas emissions by sector
Unit
tonnes
Source
Climate Watch (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
193 places, 6,559 data points, 1990–2023
Last refreshed

Emissions are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalents.