Greenhouse gas emissions by country
Greenhouse gas emissions are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalents over a 100-year timescale.
Countries reporting
195
Highest
14.11 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
China
Lowest
8,675 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
Niue
Median
43.59 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents
Years covered
175
1850–2024
Data points
34,825
What the numbers show
Greenhouse gas emissions is currently reported for 195 countries. The highest value is 14.11 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in China; the lowest is 8,675 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents in Niue.
The median across all reporting countries is 43.59 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents, and the mean is 278.68 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents.
Over the past decade 100 countries rose and 95 fell. The largest increase was in Central African Republic (up 150.3%), and the largest decrease in Samoa (down 87.5%).
Greenhouse gas emissions: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 14.11 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 20.7% | volatile |
| 2 | United States | 6.05 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 8.4% | volatile |
| 3 | India | 4.26 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 32.5% | volatile |
| 4 | Brazil | 2.80 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 6.7% | volatile |
| 5 | Russia | 2.73 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 20.3% | volatile |
| 6 | Indonesia | 1.90 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 11.3% | volatile |
| 7 | Iran | 1.01 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 28.4% | volatile |
| 8 | Japan | 1.01 billion tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 22.5% | volatile |
| 9 | Saudi Arabia | 821.84 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 18.5% | volatile |
| 10 | Canada | 802.73 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 8.8% | volatile |
| 11 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 680.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 13.1% | volatile |
| 12 | Turkey | 680.01 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 42.9% | volatile |
| 13 | Germany | 659.65 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 27.2% | volatile |
| 14 | Mexico | 635.72 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 8.6% | volatile |
| 15 | South Korea | 630.57 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 5.2% | volatile |
| 16 | Australia | 609.92 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 9.1% | volatile |
| 17 | Vietnam | 583.50 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 0.6% | volatile |
| 18 | South Africa | 542.73 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 8.1% | volatile |
| 19 | Pakistan | 473.78 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 25.3% | volatile |
| 20 | Thailand | 456.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 0.4% | volatile |
| 21 | Argentina | 416.98 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 7.2% | volatile |
| 22 | Iraq | 398.13 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 47.5% | volatile |
| 23 | United Kingdom | 390.27 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 26.5% | rising |
| 24 | Malaysia | 388.69 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 23.2% | volatile |
| 25 | Nigeria | 384.68 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 3.3% | volatile |
| 26 | Kazakhstan | 372.23 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 5.8% | volatile |
| 27 | Italy | 355.97 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 8.5% | volatile |
| 28 | France | 337.88 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 15.9% | volatile |
| 29 | Egypt | 332.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 9.9% | volatile |
| 30 | Poland | 332.35 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 8.5% | volatile |
| 31 | Philippines | 305.72 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 25.6% | volatile |
| 32 | Taiwan | 283.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 4.7% | volatile |
| 33 | Algeria | 276.13 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 23.8% | volatile |
| 34 | Spain | 275.09 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 9.6% | volatile |
| 35 | United Arab Emirates | 262.13 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 5.4% | volatile |
| 36 | Colombia | 248.28 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 11.7% | volatile |
| 37 | Ethiopia | 247.14 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 1.2% | volatile |
| 38 | Bangladesh | 241.06 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 33.6% | volatile |
| 39 | Ukraine | 222.88 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 39.1% | volatile |
| 40 | Uzbekistan | 208.17 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 24.5% | volatile |
| 41 | Venezuela | 192.85 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 33.6% | volatile |
| 42 | Tanzania | 185.77 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 0.2% | volatile |
| 43 | Myanmar | 185.32 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 17.4% | volatile |
| 44 | Kuwait | 170.28 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 47.9% | volatile |
| 45 | Bolivia | 160.02 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 38.0% | volatile |
| 46 | Angola | 159.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 20.7% | volatile |
| 47 | Peru | 151.07 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 8.8% | volatile |
| 48 | Qatar | 149.23 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 29.2% | volatile |
| 49 | Netherlands | 147.21 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 25.1% | volatile |
| 50 | Cote d'Ivoire | 140.72 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 42.7% | volatile |
| 51 | Sudan | 134.30 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 7.6% | volatile |
| 52 | Chad | 125.91 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 34.0% | volatile |
| 53 | Turkmenistan | 118.34 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 21.0% | volatile |
| 54 | Oman | 117.09 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 23.9% | volatile |
| 55 | Belgium | 107.95 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 10.2% | rising |
| 56 | Chile | 104.40 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 17.3% | volatile |
| 57 | Morocco | 101.85 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 15.3% | volatile |
| 58 | Kenya | 99.48 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 16.0% | volatile |
| 59 | Zambia | 99.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 0.3% | volatile |
| 60 | Mongolia | 98.21 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 48.4% | volatile |
| 61 | Libya | 94.99 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 12.4% | volatile |
| 62 | Belarus | 94.58 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 10.0% | rising |
| 63 | Cambodia | 91.82 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 1.7% | volatile |
| 64 | Romania | 90.27 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 16.0% | volatile |
| 65 | North Korea | 89.80 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 20.1% | volatile |
| 66 | Finland | 87.95 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 2.2% | volatile |
| 67 | Czechia | 84.45 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 33.9% | volatile |
| 68 | New Zealand | 81.92 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 9.7% | rising |
| 69 | Guinea | 78.53 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 17.3% | volatile |
| 70 | Central African Republic | 68.66 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 150.3% | volatile |
| 71 | Austria | 68.25 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 11.4% | volatile |
| 72 | Paraguay | 66.21 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 24.3% | volatile |
| 73 | Guatemala | 65.67 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 18.8% | volatile |
| 74 | Mali | 65.66 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 27.4% | volatile |
| 75 | Cameroon | 64.83 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 2.1% | volatile |
| 76 | Israel | 64.15 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 8.4% | volatile |
| 77 | Uganda | 63.94 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 20.9% | volatile |
| 78 | Ecuador | 63.14 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 56.7% | volatile |
| 79 | Bahrain | 62.97 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 13.5% | volatile |
| 80 | Madagascar | 61.49 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 1.4% | volatile |
| 81 | Laos | 61.39 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 28.5% | volatile |
| 82 | Singapore | 61.18 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 14.2% | volatile |
| 83 | Mozambique | 60.43 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 26.6% | volatile |
| 85 | Burkina Faso | 59.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 12.8% | volatile |
| 86 | South Sudan | 58.85 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 0.6% | volatile |
| 87 | Nepal | 58.84 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 20.9% | volatile |
| 88 | Azerbaijan | 57.34 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 10.1% | volatile |
| 89 | Sweden | 56.95 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 8.5% | rising |
| 90 | Greece | 56.79 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 35.9% | volatile |
| 91 | Norway | 56.19 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 8.4% | volatile |
| 92 | Portugal | 54.19 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 7.7% | volatile |
| 93 | Niger | 52.13 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 2.7% | volatile |
| 94 | Ghana | 52.01 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 2.0% | volatile |
| 95 | Dominican Republic | 48.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 3.9% | volatile |
| 96 | Somalia | 47.85 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 9.5% | volatile |
| 97 | Hungary | 47.51 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 13.3% | volatile |
| 98 | Denmark | 45.94 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 15.2% | volatile |
| 99 | Papua New Guinea | 43.59 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 11.2% | volatile |
| 100 | Tunisia | 43.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 5.5% | volatile |
| 101 | Uruguay | 43.05 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 18.1% | rising |
| 102 | Serbia | 42.81 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 28.0% | volatile |
| 103 | Sri Lanka | 42.70 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 6.2% | volatile |
| 104 | Congo | 41.88 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 16.3% | volatile |
| 105 | Trinidad and Tobago | 40.98 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 23.9% | volatile |
| 106 | Benin | 40.93 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 41.7% | volatile |
| 107 | Bulgaria | 40.27 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 27.4% | volatile |
| 108 | Switzerland | 40.11 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 14.5% | volatile |
| 109 | Afghanistan | 39.89 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 30.0% | rising |
| 110 | Cuba | 39.44 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 1.7% | volatile |
| 111 | Hong Kong | 38.91 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 23.3% | volatile |
| 112 | Nicaragua | 38.64 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 11.2% | volatile |
| 113 | Syria | 38.62 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 20.9% | volatile |
| 114 | Senegal | 35.41 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 1.8% | volatile |
| 115 | Honduras | 34.53 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 24.7% | volatile |
| 116 | Zimbabwe | 31.07 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 22.1% | volatile |
| 117 | Jordan | 31.04 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 5.0% | volatile |
| 118 | Gabon | 27.38 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 7.3% | volatile |
| 119 | Yemen | 26.66 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 44.8% | volatile |
| 120 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 26.47 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 3.5% | volatile |
| 121 | Botswana | 26.20 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 67.5% | volatile |
| 122 | Malawi | 25.00 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 8.8% | volatile |
| 123 | Liberia | 24.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 21.9% | volatile |
| 124 | Kyrgyzstan | 22.58 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 10.7% | volatile |
| 125 | Croatia | 22.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 1.8% | volatile |
| 126 | Lithuania | 21.78 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 5.9% | rising |
| 127 | Tajikistan | 21.43 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 54.4% | volatile |
| 128 | Panama | 21.15 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 1.2% | volatile |
| 129 | Lebanon | 20.65 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 27.6% | volatile |
| 130 | Slovakia | 19.73 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 70.5% | volatile |
| 131 | Mauritania | 18.20 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 26.3% | volatile |
| 132 | Slovenia | 18.11 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 16.1% | volatile |
| 133 | Namibia | 17.76 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 17.1% | volatile |
| 134 | Sierra Leone | 16.29 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 23.2% | volatile |
| 135 | Costa Rica | 14.98 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 9.6% | volatile |
| 136 | Brunei | 14.96 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 7.7% | volatile |
| 137 | Latvia | 13.86 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 138 | Guyana | 13.39 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 28.8% | rising |
| 139 | Togo | 12.76 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 52.5% | volatile |
| 140 | Georgia | 12.43 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 38.7% | volatile |
| 141 | Estonia | 12.12 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 49.1% | volatile |
| 142 | Haiti | 11.87 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 31.3% | volatile |
| 143 | Equatorial Guinea | 11.69 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 29.7% | volatile |
| 144 | Eritrea | 10.42 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 14.2% | volatile |
| 145 | Armenia | 10.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 12.7% | volatile |
| 146 | El Salvador | 9.87 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 0.0% | rising |
| 147 | Rwanda | 9.72 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 15.9% | volatile |
| 148 | Burundi | 9.70 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 21.0% | volatile |
| 149 | Cyprus | 9.49 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 16.5% | volatile |
| 150 | Jamaica | 9.09 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 0.2% | volatile |
| 151 | Guinea-Bissau | 8.14 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 51.5% | volatile |
| 152 | North Macedonia | 8.08 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 25.2% | volatile |
| 153 | Belize | 7.95 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 7.6% | volatile |
| 155 | Bhutan | 7.39 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 0.3% | volatile |
| 156 | Albania | 6.71 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 38.1% | volatile |
| 157 | Moldova | 6.70 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 15.8% | volatile |
| 158 | Lesotho | 6.17 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 61.3% | volatile |
| 159 | Suriname | 5.64 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 22.8% | volatile |
| 160 | Mauritius | 5.44 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 3.7% | volatile |
| 161 | Iceland | 5.06 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 8.2% | volatile |
| 162 | East Timor | 4.88 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 4.0% | volatile |
| 163 | Bahamas | 3.46 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 42.7% | volatile |
| 164 | Solomon Islands | 3.40 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 19.5% | volatile |
| 165 | Gambia | 2.94 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 12.5% | volatile |
| 166 | Maldives | 2.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 70.3% | volatile |
| 167 | Djibouti | 2.11 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 18.1% | volatile |
| 169 | Eswatini | 1.62 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 3.6% | volatile |
| 170 | Barbados | 1.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 0.8% | volatile |
| 171 | Fiji | 1.31 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 29.0% | volatile |
| 172 | Montenegro | 1.22 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 148.6% | rising |
| 173 | Macao | 1.17 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 15.4% | volatile |
| 174 | Comoros | 1.03 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 73.6% | volatile |
| 175 | Aruba | 952,524 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 5.7% | volatile |
| 176 | Cape Verde | 843,988 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 16.2% | volatile |
| 177 | Seychelles | 763,918 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 40.8% | volatile |
| 178 | Antigua and Barbuda | 724,483 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 15.8% | volatile |
| 179 | Saint Lucia | 569,642 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 13.8% | volatile |
| 180 | Andorra | 531,268 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 8.5% | volatile |
| 181 | Vanuatu | 478,798 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 3.2% | volatile |
| 182 | Grenada | 403,726 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 67.9% | volatile |
| 183 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 385,594 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 20.8% | volatile |
| 184 | Sao Tome and Principe | 302,826 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 29.6% | volatile |
| 185 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 297,336 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 25.6% | rising |
| 186 | Palau | 293,758 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 6.0% | volatile |
| 187 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 280,473 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 14.1% | volatile |
| 188 | Tonga | 274,878 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 5.4% | volatile |
| 189 | British Virgin Islands | 208,716 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 10.0% | volatile |
| 190 | Micronesia (country) | 207,206 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 8.7% | volatile |
| 191 | Dominica | 204,967 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 11.1% | volatile |
| 192 | Samoa | 155,648 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 87.5% | volatile |
| 194 | Kiribati | 110,865 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 28.2% | volatile |
| 195 | Cook Islands | 88,295 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 2.1% | volatile |
| 196 | Nauru | 63,898 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 19.1% | volatile |
| 197 | Tuvalu | 19,848 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 28.9% | volatile |
| 198 | Saint Helena | 14,776 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | up 4.0% | volatile |
| 199 | Niue | 8,675 tonnes of CO₂ equivalents | 2024 | down 10.3% | volatile |
About this data
Greenhouse gas emissions are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalents over a 100-year timescale.