Net Forest conversion — Net emissions/removals (CO2) (Forest land) by country
The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions from Forests consists of CO2 emissions and removals corresponding to forest carbon stock changes (aboveground and belowground living biomass). Estimates are computed following the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (IPCC, 2006).
Countries reporting
217
Highest
1.24 million kt
Brazil
Lowest
0 kt
Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands
Median
0 kt
Years covered
36
1990–2025
Data points
9,600
What the numbers show
Net Forest conversion — Net emissions/removals (CO2) (Forest land) is currently reported for 217 countries. The highest value is 1.24 million kt in Brazil; the lowest is 0 kt in Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands.
The median across all reporting countries is 0 kt, and the mean is 11,938 kt.
Over the past decade 32 countries rose and 78 fell. The largest increase was in Slovenia (up 25,741.5%), and the largest decrease in American Samoa (down 100.0%).
Net Forest conversion — Net emissions/removals (CO2): full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Brazil | 1.24 million kt | 2025 | up 36.2% | falling |
| 2 | OECD | 147,607 kt | 2025 | up 137.8% | falling |
| 3 | Peru | 130,591 kt | 2025 | down 0.3% | falling |
| 4 | Canada | 92,700 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 5 | Cambodia | 71,652 kt | 2025 | down 25.9% | volatile |
| 6 | Cameroon | 60,852 kt | 2025 | up 101.6% | rising |
| 7 | Argentina | 58,890 kt | 2025 | down 29.0% | falling |
| 8 | Myanmar | 58,679 kt | 2025 | down 0.0% | falling |
| 9 | Colombia | 56,373 kt | 2025 | up 29.3% | falling |
| 10 | Thailand | 53,420 kt | 2025 | up 1,867.4% | volatile |
| 11 | Malaysia | 52,807 kt | 2025 | — | rising |
| 12 | Nigeria | 44,152 kt | 2025 | up 0.0% | flat |
| 13 | Mozambique | 43,452 kt | 2025 | down 0.1% | flat |
| 14 | Paraguay | 36,769 kt | 2025 | down 39.4% | falling |
| 15 | Madagascar | 32,618 kt | 2025 | down 26.9% | rising |
| 16 | Angola | 32,316 kt | 2025 | up 0.0% | rising |
| 17 | Central African Republic | 25,014 kt | 2025 | up 33.2% | rising |
| 18 | Romania | 24,017 kt | 2025 | up 658.0% | volatile |
| 19 | Liberia | 22,832 kt | 2025 | down 65.2% | volatile |
| 20 | Mali | 21,684 kt | 2025 | down 23.0% | rising |
| 21 | Chad | 20,638 kt | 2025 | down 0.1% | rising |
| 22 | Guinea | 19,071 kt | 2025 | down 1.6% | flat |
| 23 | Zimbabwe | 17,549 kt | 2025 | down 11.2% | falling |
| 24 | Burkina Faso | 17,147 kt | 2025 | down 1.7% | falling |
| 25 | Guatemala | 15,875 kt | 2025 | up 85.3% | falling |
| 26 | Mexico | 14,793 kt | 2025 | up 6.4% | falling |
| 27 | Ecuador | 12,218 kt | 2025 | down 40.0% | falling |
| 28 | Suriname | 11,766 kt | 2025 | up 289.8% | volatile |
| 29 | Zambia | 9,832 kt | 2025 | down 48.3% | volatile |
| 30 | Sweden | 9,427 kt | 2025 | down 17.3% | rising |
| 31 | Sudan | 8,894 kt | 2025 | up 33.9% | rising |
| 32 | Guyana | 8,078 kt | 2025 | down 34.7% | rising |
| 33 | Ethiopia | 7,989 kt | 2025 | down 67.0% | falling |
| 34 | Benin | 7,502 kt | 2025 | down 77.3% | falling |
| 35 | Uganda | 7,373 kt | 2025 | down 49.5% | falling |
| 36 | Malawi | 7,068 kt | 2025 | down 0.0% | flat |
| 37 | Sudan (former) | 6,640 kt | 2011 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 38 | Somalia | 6,299 kt | 2025 | down 81.8% | rising |
| 39 | Honduras | 6,262 kt | 2025 | up 13.7% | volatile |
| 40 | Nicaragua | 5,618 kt | 2023 | down 3.1% | falling |
| 41 | Belize | 4,386 kt | 2025 | down 0.6% | flat |
| 42 | Gabon | 4,325 kt | 2025 | down 44.4% | rising |
| 43 | Equatorial Guinea | 3,832 kt | 2025 | up 0.0% | flat |
| 44 | Bhutan | 3,642 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 45 | Sierra Leone | 3,460 kt | 2025 | up 0.0% | flat |
| 46 | Bangladesh | 3,391 kt | 2025 | up 16.6% | volatile |
| 47 | French Guiana | 3,295 kt | 2025 | up 26.7% | falling |
| 48 | Bulgaria | 3,288 kt | 2025 | — | rising |
| 49 | Japan | 2,543 kt | 2025 | down 35.6% | volatile |
| 50 | Chile | 2,342 kt | 2025 | down 34.1% | falling |
| 51 | Senegal | 2,190 kt | 2025 | down 0.4% | rising |
| 52 | Papua New Guinea | 1,913 kt | 2025 | up 2.0% | falling |
| 53 | Niger | 1,793 kt | 2025 | up 34.5% | volatile |
| 54 | Australia | 1,595 kt | 2025 | down 8.5% | volatile |
| 54 | Australia and New Zealand | 1,595 kt | 2025 | down 20.0% | volatile |
| 56 | Panama | 1,522 kt | 2025 | down 34.5% | falling |
| 57 | Austria | 1,448 kt | 2025 | up 2.9% | flat |
| 58 | Costa Rica | 1,239 kt | 2025 | down 58.3% | volatile |
| 59 | Republic of Korea | 1,214 kt | 2025 | down 73.4% | rising |
| 60 | Belgium-Luxembourg | 1,007 kt | 1999 | unchanged | flat |
| 61 | Estonia | 949.43 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 62 | Eritrea | 941.58 kt | 2025 | down 0.0% | flat |
| 63 | Puerto Rico | 926.41 kt | 2025 | up 868.7% | volatile |
| 64 | Mauritania | 719.15 kt | 2025 | down 0.5% | flat |
| 65 | North Macedonia | 686.53 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 66 | Sri Lanka | 675.47 kt | 2025 | down 57.0% | volatile |
| 67 | Vanuatu | 623.25 kt | 2025 | down 0.2% | flat |
| 68 | Gambia | 601.39 kt | 2025 | up 12.9% | rising |
| 69 | Guinea-Bissau | 579.65 kt | 2025 | up 0.0% | falling |
| 70 | Togo | 555.82 kt | 2025 | down 7.5% | falling |
| 71 | Slovenia | 518.77 kt | 2025 | up 25,741.5% | volatile |
| 72 | Congo | 506 kt | 2025 | down 95.1% | volatile |
| 73 | Solomon Islands | 493.63 kt | 2025 | down 0.3% | flat |
| 74 | Iraq | 476.33 kt | 2025 | down 59.2% | volatile |
| 75 | Italy | 415.43 kt | 2025 | down 92.9% | volatile |
| 76 | Norway | 353.19 kt | 2025 | down 18.5% | volatile |
| 77 | Morocco | 331.78 kt | 2025 | up 22.1% | volatile |
| 78 | Eswatini | 262.16 kt | 2025 | down 0.4% | flat |
| 79 | Tunisia | 169.78 kt | 2025 | up 56.6% | rising |
| 80 | Algeria | 132.31 kt | 2025 | down 0.0% | flat |
| 81 | Western Sahara | 123.08 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 82 | Israel | 116.81 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 83 | Trinidad and Tobago | 102 kt | 2025 | down 0.5% | flat |
| 84 | Namibia | 95.75 kt | 2025 | down 0.0% | volatile |
| 85 | Samoa | 78.68 kt | 2025 | down 0.6% | flat |
| 86 | Seychelles | 66.59 kt | 2025 | up 6.5% | rising |
| 87 | Croatia | 41.74 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 88 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 37 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 89 | Libya | 34.34 kt | 2025 | up 1.1% | flat |
| 90 | Brunei Darussalam | 28.5 kt | 2025 | down 80.4% | volatile |
| 91 | Antigua and Barbuda | 22.95 kt | 2025 | up 0.3% | flat |
| 92 | Dominica | 19.78 kt | 2025 | down 60.7% | volatile |
| 93 | Cyprus | 15.53 kt | 2025 | up 67.6% | volatile |
| 94 | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 1.45 kt | 2025 | down 20.1% | rising |
| 95 | Jordan | 0.502 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Aruba | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Afghanistan | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Albania | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Andorra | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | United Arab Emirates | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Armenia | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | American Samoa | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Azerbaijan | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Burundi | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Belgium | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Bahrain | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Bahamas | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Belarus | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Bermuda | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Barbados | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Botswana | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Switzerland | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | China | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Comoros | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | falling |
| 96 | Cuba | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Cayman Islands | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Czechia | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Germany | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Djibouti | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Denmark | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Dominican Republic | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Egypt | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Spain | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Finland | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Fiji | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | France | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Faroe Islands | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Georgia | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Ghana | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Gibraltar | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Greece | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Grenada | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Greenland | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Guam | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Haiti | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Hungary | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Indonesia | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Isle of Man | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | India | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Ireland | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Iceland | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Jamaica | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Kazakhstan | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Kenya | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Kyrgyzstan | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Kiribati | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Kuwait | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Lebanon | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Saint Lucia | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Liechtenstein | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Lesotho | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Lithuania | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Luxembourg | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Latvia | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Saint Martin (French Part) | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Monaco | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Maldives | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Marshall Islands | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Malta | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Montenegro | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Mongolia | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Northern Mariana Islands | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Mauritius | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | New Caledonia | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Nepal | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Nauru | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | New Zealand | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Oman | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Pakistan | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Philippines | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Palau | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Poland | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Portugal | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Palestine | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | French Polynesia | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Qatar | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Rwanda | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Saudi Arabia | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Singapore | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | El Salvador | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | San Marino | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Serbia | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | South Sudan | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Slovakia | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Turks and Caicos Islands | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Tajikistan | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Turkmenistan | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Tonga | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Tuvalu | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Ukraine | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Uruguay | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Uzbekistan | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | British Virgin Islands | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | United States Virgin Islands | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Yemen | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | South Africa | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Guadeloupe | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Martinique | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Jersey | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Serbia and Montenegro | 0 kt | 2005 | — | flat |
| 96 | Norfolk Island | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Pitcairn | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Ascension, Saint Helena and Tristan da Cunha | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Russian Federation | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Holy See | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | China, mainland | 0 kt | 2025 | — | volatile |
| 96 | Curaçao | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 0 kt | 2025 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 96 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Réunion | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Falkland Islands (Malvinas) | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
| 96 | Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands | 0 kt | 2025 | — | flat |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- World 2.81 million kt
- Non-Annex I countries 2.65 million kt
- Americas 1.82 million kt
- Net Food Importing Developing Countries (NFIDCs) 874,589 kt
- Low Income Food Deficit Countries (LIFDCs) 558,467 kt
- Land Locked Developing Countries (LLDCs) 257,749 kt
- Annex I countries 160,760 kt
- Northern America 111,894 kt
- European Union (27) 40,120 kt
- United States of America 19,193 kt
- Northern Europe 10,729 kt
- Western Europe 1,448 kt
About this data
The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions from Forests consists of CO2 emissions and removals corresponding to forest carbon stock changes (aboveground and belowground living biomass). Estimates are computed following the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (IPCC, 2006).