Statizoid

Greenhouse gas emissions from food systems by country

Emissions are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalents.

Countries reporting
211
Highest
2.42 billion tonnes CO₂e
China
Lowest
377 tonnes CO₂e
Tokelau
Median
16.43 million tonnes CO₂e
Years covered
26
1990–2015
Data points
5,642

What the numbers show

Greenhouse gas emissions from food systems is currently reported for 211 countries. The highest value is 2.42 billion tonnes CO₂e in China; the lowest is 377 tonnes CO₂e in Tokelau.

The median across all reporting countries is 16.43 million tonnes CO₂e, and the mean is 84.48 million tonnes CO₂e.

Over the past decade 134 countries rose and 77 fell. The largest increase was in Costa Rica (up 223.9%), and the largest decrease in Colombia (down 58.5%).

Greenhouse gas emissions from food systems: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 China 2.42 billion tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 16.9% rising
2 Indonesia 1.58 billion tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 44.5% falling
3 United States 1.47 billion tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 4.5% rising
4 Brazil 1.33 billion tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 35.1% falling
5 India 1.13 billion tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 19.2% rising
6 Russia 465.55 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 12.3% falling
7 Zambia 458.79 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 13.2% rising
8 Canada 383.41 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 26.8% rising
9 Argentina 328.94 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 10.5% rising
10 Sudan 322.72 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 12.6% rising
11 Nigeria 315.84 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 9.2% rising
12 Tanzania 279.20 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 9.6% flat
13 Pakistan 273.60 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 30.5% rising
14 Myanmar 253.43 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 31.6% rising
15 Mexico 237.56 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 7.2% rising
16 Japan 209.61 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 0.2% rising
17 Australia 195.49 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 29.6% rising
18 Paraguay 188.77 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 75.7% rising
19 Democratic Republic of Congo 181.81 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 2.2% flat
20 Germany 179.57 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 7.6% falling
21 Bangladesh 174.88 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 14.8% rising
22 France 171.06 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 1.6% rising
23 Venezuela 164.27 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 21.3% falling
24 Vietnam 163.31 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 32.6% rising
25 Thailand 158.21 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 20.3% rising
26 Iran 143.02 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 10.9% rising
27 Cameroon 141.37 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 0.9% rising
28 Ethiopia 137.89 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 36.0% rising
29 Botswana 133.24 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 52.0% falling
30 Angola 133.21 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 3.9% rising
31 Malaysia 123.51 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 15.4% rising
32 Turkey 121.75 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 40.8% rising
33 Peru 120.08 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 32.8% flat
34 Bolivia 118.22 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 6.1% rising
35 Colombia 115.06 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 58.5% falling
36 Papua New Guinea 113.64 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 139.6% rising
37 United Kingdom 112.85 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 18.8% falling
38 Poland 100.33 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 4.8% falling
39 South Africa 99.33 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 8.2% rising
40 Italy 98.58 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 18.9% flat
41 Spain 97.05 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 13.8% rising
42 Philippines 91.97 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 7.7% rising
43 South Korea 89.00 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 3.4% rising
44 Ukraine 80.75 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 14.7% falling
45 Egypt 76.29 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 12.6% rising
46 Saudi Arabia 71.41 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 53.7% rising
47 Uzbekistan 64.56 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 42.2% rising
48 Uganda 62.33 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 43.9% rising
49 Kenya 61.61 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 52.9% falling
50 Belarus 60.09 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 15.4% falling
51 Ecuador 59.12 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 2.7% flat
52 New Zealand 57.29 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 1.8% rising
53 Netherlands 57.12 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 8.1% falling
54 Sweden 56.34 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 1.4% rising
55 Algeria 54.67 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 47.0% rising
56 Kazakhstan 53.44 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 15.9% falling
57 Cambodia 52.95 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 4.1% rising
58 Zimbabwe 51.74 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 3.1% flat
59 Mozambique 48.06 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 3.1% rising
60 Mongolia 46.87 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 46.0% flat
61 Guyana 46.00 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 74.3% rising
62 Madagascar 45.61 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 16.8% falling
63 Chad 45.14 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 104.5% rising
64 Morocco 43.54 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 45.2% rising
65 Somalia 42.05 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 1.8% rising
66 Congo 41.62 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 7.3% rising
67 Honduras 39.44 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 0.8% falling
68 Nepal 38.40 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 39.2% falling
69 Iraq 37.07 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 32.1% rising
70 Mali 36.19 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 24.1% rising
71 Burkina Faso 34.65 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 23.6% rising
72 Guinea 34.36 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 25.2% rising
73 Romania 33.66 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 3.9% falling
74 Uruguay 33.62 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 2.1% rising
75 Guatemala 32.38 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 0.3% rising
76 Belgium 32.26 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 1.3% flat
77 Chile 31.99 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 15.2% rising
79 North Korea 31.32 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 1.7% rising
80 Taiwan 30.34 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 10.7% flat
81 Niger 29.71 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 34.4% rising
82 Finland 27.88 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 53.9% rising
83 Turkmenistan 27.71 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 30.1% rising
84 Czechia 23.69 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 3.9% falling
85 United Arab Emirates 23.20 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 58.9% rising
86 Senegal 22.54 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 16.7% rising
87 Hungary 22.50 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 12.8% falling
88 Liberia 21.57 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 34.2% rising
89 Greece 21.55 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 24.3% falling
90 Austria 21.54 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 6.0% flat
91 Portugal 21.22 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 17.8% flat
92 Qatar 21.13 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 148.2% rising
93 Costa Rica 21.06 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 223.9% rising
94 Denmark 21.01 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 15.5% falling
95 Afghanistan 20.85 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 32.7% rising
96 Cuba 20.11 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 9.2% falling
97 Sri Lanka 19.36 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 7.9% rising
98 Laos 18.61 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 20.1% falling
99 Azerbaijan 18.12 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 36.8% rising
100 Norway 18.11 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 11.8% flat
101 Nicaragua 17.95 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 55.6% falling
102 Lithuania 17.79 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 29.2% rising
103 Central African Republic 17.72 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 12.1% rising
104 Cote d'Ivoire 17.63 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 53.2% rising
105 Benin 17.28 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 11.3% falling
106 Kuwait 16.97 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 33.4% rising
107 Namibia 16.43 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 1.8% rising
108 Dominican Republic 16.14 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 26.2% rising
109 Syria 15.84 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 26.2% rising
110 Israel 15.73 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 15.9% rising
111 Yemen 15.51 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 5.8% rising
112 Panama 15.17 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 4.4% flat
113 Malawi 15.08 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 0.6% rising
114 Bulgaria 14.86 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 18.0% falling
115 Tunisia 13.50 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 19.2% rising
116 Switzerland 13.13 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 0.7% rising
117 Ghana 13.07 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 49.6% rising
118 Oman 12.87 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 62.8% rising
119 Trinidad and Tobago 12.78 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 9.2% rising
120 Togo 10.73 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 12.9% rising
121 Slovakia 10.10 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 1.5% falling
122 Mauritania 10.05 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 5.8% rising
123 Libya 9.85 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 25.9% flat
124 Tajikistan 9.57 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 69.5% rising
125 Latvia 9.04 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 11.3% rising
126 Rwanda 8.88 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 20.8% rising
127 Kyrgyzstan 8.87 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 50.3% rising
128 Burundi 8.62 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 1.9% falling
129 Croatia 8.50 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 6.3% flat
130 Jordan 8.16 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 67.6% rising
131 Sierra Leone 7.77 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 20.9% falling
132 Hong Kong 7.15 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 7.5% rising
133 Estonia 6.90 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 9.4% falling
134 Haiti 6.84 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 8.8% rising
135 Suriname 6.72 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 50.5% rising
136 El Salvador 6.56 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 1.0% rising
137 Eritrea 6.48 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 6.5% rising
138 Georgia 6.20 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 1.7% falling
139 Equatorial Guinea 6.03 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 0.3% rising
140 Lebanon 5.81 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 51.5% rising
141 Singapore 5.71 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 15.4% rising
142 Belize 5.08 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 32.3% falling
143 Albania 5.02 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 15.8% rising
144 Bosnia and Herzegovina 4.99 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 26.3% rising
145 Slovenia 4.86 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 5.1% rising
146 Bahrain 4.04 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 45.7% rising
147 Guinea-Bissau 3.94 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 23.2% rising
148 Armenia 3.55 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 29.3% rising
149 Moldova 3.52 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 1.5% falling
150 Gabon 3.37 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 4.9% falling
151 Puerto Rico 2.42 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 1.1% falling
152 North Macedonia 2.41 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 11.0% falling
153 Cyprus 2.26 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 0.1% rising
154 Jamaica 2.25 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 18.4% falling
155 Brunei 2.10 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 28.7% falling
157 Solomon Islands 1.88 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 5.9% flat
158 Iceland 1.88 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 2.4% flat
159 Lesotho 1.80 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 6.2% rising
160 Fiji 1.60 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 31.3% flat
161 Gambia 1.42 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 37.4% rising
162 Djibouti 1.18 million tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 3.6% rising
163 Mauritius 934,963 tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 9.8% rising
164 Netherlands Antilles 903,408 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 41.6% rising
165 Bhutan 841,445 tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 3.9% flat
166 Bahamas 694,266 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 17.6% rising
167 Western Sahara 632,365 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 4.0% rising
168 Vanuatu 561,180 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 22.8% rising
170 Reunion 530,013 tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 10.0% rising
171 New Caledonia 523,561 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 28.5% rising
172 Comoros 516,664 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 14.1% rising
174 Barbados 455,450 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 29.9% rising
175 Falkland Islands 403,495 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 1.0% rising
177 Cape Verde 301,214 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 28.5% rising
178 Samoa 251,619 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 22.7% rising
179 French Guiana 207,652 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 20.8% rising
180 Macao 190,741 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 1.7% rising
181 Greenland 187,941 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 7.6% volatile
182 French Polynesia 182,221 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 7.2% rising
183 Maldives 166,079 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 92.3% volatile
184 Dominica 164,483 tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 0.9% rising
185 Saint Lucia 149,089 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 22.1% rising
186 Palau 142,617 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 6.9% flat
187 Antigua and Barbuda 141,285 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 0.1% rising
188 Aruba 137,738 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 61.4% rising
189 Seychelles 120,515 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 20.1% rising
190 Tonga 115,824 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 8.0% rising
192 Grenada 78,962 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 27.1% rising
193 Cayman Islands 77,896 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 77.0% rising
194 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 74,376 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 11.9% rising
195 Bermuda 73,540 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 22.9% rising
196 United States Virgin Islands 65,859 tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 12.0% flat
197 Sao Tome and Principe 65,146 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 45.2% volatile
198 Northern Mariana Islands 63,995 tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 0.6% rising
199 Saint Kitts and Nevis 63,725 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 12.6% rising
200 Gibraltar 63,282 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 36.8% rising
201 Guam 52,314 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 3.8% rising
202 Faroe Islands 51,596 tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 2.0% flat
203 Niue 49,805 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 3.6% rising
204 Montserrat 30,456 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 11.7% falling
205 Kiribati 29,406 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 27.4% rising
206 Turks and Caicos Islands 29,129 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 204.2% volatile
207 British Virgin Islands 28,562 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 59.4% rising
208 American Samoa 27,005 tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 2.5% rising
209 Saint Pierre and Miquelon 15,754 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 10.8% rising
210 Wallis and Futuna 14,468 tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 7.4% flat
211 Cook Islands 14,396 tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 3.2% rising
212 Anguilla 7,079 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 54.2% rising
213 Tuvalu 5,999 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 13.4% rising
214 Saint Helena 2,937 tonnes CO₂e 2015 down 21.9% falling
215 Nauru 2,633 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 42.9% rising
216 Marshall Islands 2,196 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 2.5% rising
217 Tokelau 377 tonnes CO₂e 2015 up 0.4% falling

About this data

Indicator
Greenhouse gas emissions from food systems
Unit
tonnes CO₂e
Source
Crippa et al. (2021) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
217 places, 5,642 data points, 1990–2015
Last refreshed

Emissions are measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide-equivalents.